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Cited by 379Child Abuse and TraumaChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentMental Health Treatment and Access

Childhood adversities and adult depression: Basic patterns of association in a US national survey

Kessler, Ronald C., Magee, William J.·1993·Psychological Medicine
DOI 10.1017/s0033291700025460
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Abstract

The long-term relationships between various forms of childhood adversity and adult episodes of major depression are explored in a representative household survey of the United States adult (age 25+) population. Seven of the eight childhood adversities considered are significantly associated with recent (12-month) episodes of depression. These effects are largely indirect consequences of some childhood adversities leading to a life history of depression and prior depression leading to new episodes. Only three of the eight childhood adversities directly affect recent onset or recurrence. The paper closes with a discussion of implications for future research on the long-term effects of childhood adversities.

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Crossref · 10.1017/s0033291700025460

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88 of 88 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • In our study, age at onset of first MDE and gender did not predict subsequent episode of MDE.

    “In terms of age at onset and gender, the results of our study replicated results of several earlier studies showing that age at onset of first MDE [17, 18, 59–60] and gender [16, 18, 59–61] did not predict subsequent episode of MDE.”

    From Predictors of recurrence of major depressive disorder (2020) · cites this paper as [60]

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Authors
Kessler, R. C., & Magee, W. J.
Affiliations
University of Michigan (US)
Corresponding author
Kessler, Ronald C.
ORCID
Venue
Psychological Medicine
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published
1993-08
Volume
23
Issue
3
Pages
679-690
ISSN
  • 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-8978
DOI
10.1017/s0033291700025460
OpenAlex
W2080947232
Cited by
379
References
88
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 15
FWCI
5.57
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified, 5821 d)
Locations
  • Psychological Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (7r37mh042714-10, 5k02mh000507-08)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (T32 MH16806, K02 MH00507, R37-MH42714, T32MH016806)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords
childhood adversity, major depressive disorder, adult depression, depression onset, depression recurrence, life history (social science method), long-term effects, psychosocial risk factors
MeSH terms
Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Child, Child Abuse, Child, Preschool, Depressive Disorder, Family, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Parent-Child Relations, Age of Onset

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