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Dendritic spine formation and pruning: common cellular mechanisms?
Abstract
The recent advent of novel high-resolution imaging methods has created a flurry of exciting observations that address a century-old question: what are biological signals that regulate formation and elimination of dendritic spines? Contrary to the traditional belief that the spine is a stable storage site of long-term neuronal memory, the emerging picture is of a dynamic structure that can undergo fast morphological variations. Recent conflicting reports on the regulation of spine morphology lead to the proposal of a unifying hypothesis for a common mechanism involving changes in postsynaptic intracellular Ca2+ concentration, [Ca2+]i: a moderate rise in [Ca2+]i causes elongation of dendritic spines, while a very large increase in [Ca2+]i causes fast shrinkage and eventual collapse of spines. This hypothesis provides a parsimonious explanation for conflicting reports on activity-dependent changes in dendritic spine morphology, and might link these changes to functional plasticity in central neurons.
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The relationship between spine geometry and expression of functional AMPA receptors provides substantial support to the hypothesis that neuronal fine structures have functional correlates in the brain.
“The relationship between spine geometry and expression of functional AMPA receptors demonstrated here provides substantial support to the hypothesis that neuronal fine structures have functional correlates in the brain13, 18, 21.”
From Dendritic spine geometry is critical for AMPA receptor expression in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons (2001) · cites this paper as [21]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Segal, M., Korkotian, E., & Murphy, D. D.
- Affiliations
- Weizmann Institute of Science (IL)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Venue
- Trends in Neurosciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-02
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 53-57
- ISSN
- 0166-2236 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1998646977
- Cited by
- 196
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 2.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Trends in Neurosciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- dendritic spines, spine formation, dendritic spine morphology, postsynaptic calcium, intracellular calcium, activity-dependent plasticity, long-term memory, synaptic plasticity
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Calcium, Dendrites, Humans, Models, Biological, Neuronal Plasticity, Signal Transduction, Cell Culture Techniques, Cell Size
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