Cited by 236Dementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchAlzheimer's disease research and treatmentsNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

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The CERAD Neuropathology Protocol and Consensus Recommendations for the Postmortem Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Commentary

Mirra, S.S·1997·Neurobiology of Aging

DOI 10.1016/s0197-4580(97)00058-4

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Abstract

CERAD, a multicenter longitudinal study, has developed standardized instruments for the evaluation of individuals clinically diagnosed as having Alzheimer's disease (AD). The CERAD neuropathology protocol not only establishes levels of certainty for AD diagnosis, but also records information on other conditions occurring concomitantly with or misdiagnosed as AD. The protocol has been widely adopted because of its relative simplicity, adaptability, and reliability. Indeed, the Consensus principles proposed are, for the most part, consistent with CERAD guidelines. The recommendation that diagnosis rest upon both neuritic plaque and neurofibrillary tangle frequency/distribution in the neocortex, however, is worrisome. This change will eliminate or downgrade many cases now diagnosed as AD with concomitant Parkinson's disease changes. Reclassifying such cases at this time, without compelling pathobiological justification, is premature. Instead, I recommend retention or modest modification of the current CERAD protocol, and propose that neuropathology data available on autopsies of over 200 CERAD dementia subjects be used for testing potential modifications of the diagnostic algorithm.

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Authors: Mirra, S. S.
Affiliations: Emory University (US)
Corresponding author: Mirra, S.S
Venue: Neurobiology of Aging
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1997-07
Volume: 18
Issue: 4
Pages: S91-S94
ISSN: 0197-4580 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0197-4580(97)00058-4
OpenAlex: W2137794576
Cited by: 236
References: 26
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 19
FWCI: 2.29
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Neurobiology of Aging (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Keywords: neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, neocortex, diagnostic algorithm
MeSH terms: Aged, Algorithms, Alzheimer Disease, Brain, Diagnosis, Differential, Diagnostic Errors, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Parkinson Disease, Severity of Illness Index, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Neurofibrillary Tangles, Guidelines as Topic, Disease Progression

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The CERAD Neuropathology Protocol and Consensus Recommendations for the Postmortem Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Commentary

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