Metrics: You are what you measure!
Integrity signals
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Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
A PMS can influence corporate results, since it directly impacts managers' actions and decisions.
“A PMS can influence corporate results, since it directly impacts managers' actions and decisions [75].”
From Sustainability Reporting and Performance Measurement Systems: How do Small- and Medium-Sized Benefit Corporations Manage Integration? (2018) · cites this paper as [75]
Cites
The pricing of options and corporate liabilities
Black, F., & Scholes, M. (1973) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/260062 · Cited by 29,074 · see citing works
Decisions with Multiple Objectives: Preferences and Value Tradeoffs.
Tsoukias, A., Keeney, R. L., & Raiffa, H. (1994) · Journal of the Operational Research Society · doi:10.2307/2584151 · Cited by 8,414 · see citing works
Managing the flow of technology
Allen, T. J. (1977) · Cited by 2,468 · see citing works
Hauser, J. R. (1988) · Harvard business review · Cited by 2,271 · see citing works
Self-citationKnee-deep in the big muddy: a study of escalating commitment to a chosen course of action
Staw, B. M. (1976) · Organizational Behavior and Human Performance · doi:10.1016/0030-5073(76)90005-2 · Cited by 2,061 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Naturally, these metrics assume that the firm has the discipline to de-escalate commitments when necessary (Boulding et al., 1997; Simonson and Staw, 1992; Staw, 1976).”
BackgroundGriffin, A., & Hauser, J. R. (1993) · Marketing Science · doi:10.1287/mksc.12.1.1 · Cited by 1,970 · see citing works
Self-citationOn the folly of rewarding A, while hoping for B
Kerr, S. (1975) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/255378 · Cited by 1,585 · see citing works
Subjective Performance Measures in Optimal Incentive Contracts
Baker, G. P., Gibbons, R. S., & Murphy, K. J. (1994) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.2307/2118358 · Cited by 955 · see citing works
Subjective Performance Measures in Optimal Incentive Contracts
Baker, G. P., Gibbons, R. S., & Murphy, K. (1993) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w4480 · Cited by 947 · see citing works
Simonson, I., & Staw, B. M. (1992) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.77.4.419 · Cited by 426 · see citing works
Communication networks in R & D Laboratories
Allen, T. J. (1970) · R and D Management · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1970.tb01193.x · Cited by 412 · see citing works
Customer Satisfaction Incentives
Hauser, J. R., Simester, D. I., & Wernerfelt, B. (1994) · Marketing Science · doi:10.1287/mksc.13.4.327 · Cited by 334 · see citing works
Self-citationPulling the Plug to Stop the New Product Drain
Boulding, W., Morgan, R. M., & Staelin, R. (1997) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1177/002224379703400114 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Managing R&D As a Strategic Option
Mitchell, G. R., & Hamilton, W. F. (1988) · Research-Technology Management · doi:10.1080/08956308.1988.11670521 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Incentives and Careers in Organizations
Gibbons, R. S. (1996) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w5705 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Applying ‘Options Thinking’ To R&D Valuation
Faulkner, T. W. (1996) · Research-Technology Management · doi:10.1080/08956308.1996.11671064 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Hauser, J. R., & Zettelmeyer, F. (1997) · Research-Technology Management · doi:10.1080/08956308.1997.11671140 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Self-citationPulling the Plug to Stop the New Product Drain
Boulding, W., Morgan, R. M., & Staelin, R. (1997) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3152073 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Internal Customers and Internal Suppliers
Hauser, J. R., Simester, D. I., & Wernerfelt, B. (1996) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1177/002224379603300302 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Self-citationResearch, Development, and Engineering Metrics
Hauser, J. R. (1998) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.44.12.1670 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Self-citationThe R&D Effectiveness Index: A Metric for Product Development Performance
McGrath, M. E., & Romeri, M. N. (1994) · Journal of Product Innovation Management · doi:10.1111/1540-5885.1130213 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Incentives and careers in organizations
Gibbons, R. S. (2008) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/ccol0521580129.001 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Internal Customers and Internal Suppliers
Hauser, J. R., Simester, D. I., & Wernerfelt, B. (1996) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3152124 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citationThe R&D effectiveness index: A metric for product development performance
Mcgrath, M. (1994) · Journal of Product Innovation Management · doi:10.1016/0737-6782(94)90004-3 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
R&D management and the use of dynamic metrics
Pien, H. H. (1997) · DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Influence Transfers, Performance, and Performance RatingsPreprint
Wernerfelt, B., Simester, D. I., & Hauser, J. R. (1997) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Value of Different Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty Metrics in Predicting Business Performance
Morgan, N. A., & Rego, L. L. (2006) · Marketing Science · doi:10.1287/mksc.1050.0180 · Cited by 505 · see citing works
Deep impact: unintended consequences of journal rank
Brembs, B., Button, K., & Munafò, M. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00291 · Cited by 441 · see citing works
Morioka, S. N., & de Carvalho, M. M. (2016) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.01.104 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
Trustworthy Online Controlled Experiments: A Practical Guide to A/B Testing
Kohavi, R., Tang, D., & Xu, Y. (2020) · doi:10.1017/9781108653985 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
Nigri, G., & Del Baldo, M. (2018) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su10124499 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Morioka, S. N., & Carvalho, M. M. (2016) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.01.103 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Asiaei, K., Bontis, N., Barani, O., & Jusoh, R. (2021) · Journal of Management Control · doi:10.1007/s00187-021-00317-4 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hauser, J., & Katz, G.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Venue
- European Management Journal
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-10
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 517-528
- ISSN
- 0263-2373 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2046321047
- Cited by
- 228
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 6.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Management Journal (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management Information Systems › Accounting and Organizational Management
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management Information Systems › Quality and Supply Management
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Corporate Governance and Management
- Keywords
- performance indicators, metric selection, metric design, management decision-making, lean metrics, customer understanding, employee understanding, work processes, organizational performance evaluation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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