Cited by 434Pain Management and Placebo EffectPain Mechanisms and TreatmentsStatistical Methods in Clinical Trials

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A comparison of placebo effects in clinical analgesic trials versus studies of placebo analgesia

Vase, Lene, Riley, Joseph L., Price, Donald D.·2002·Pain

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Abstract

A previous meta-analysis of clinical analgesic trial studies showed generally low magnitudes of placebo analgesia (N. Engl. J. Med. 344 (2001) 1594). However, as studies included in their analysis used only placebo as a control condition, we conducted two meta-analyses, one in which 23 studies used only placebo as a control condition, and one in which 14 studies investigated placebo analgesic mechanisms. Magnitudes of placebo analgesic effects were much higher in the latter (mean effect size=0.95) as compared to the former (mean effect size=0.15) and were significantly different (P=0.003). This difference as well as differences in effect sizes within studies of placebo mechanisms may be parsimoniously explained by differences in expected pain levels produced by placebo suggestions and by conditioning. Furthermore, some of the studies of placebo analgesic mechanisms indicate that the magnitude of placebo analgesia is higher when the placebo analgesic effect is induced via suggestion combined with conditioning than via suggestion alone or conditioning alone. Based on these findings, we suggest that placebo analgesic effects are most optimally conceptualized in terms of perception of the placebo agent, and therefore a new definition of placebo response is proposed.

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Authors: Vase, L., Riley, J. L., & Price, D. D.
Affiliations: Aarhus University (DK)
University of Florida Health (US)
Corresponding author: Price, Donald D.
ORCID: Vase, Lene
Riley, Joseph L.
Price, Donald D.
Venue: Pain
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2002-10
Volume: 99
Issue: 3
Pages: 443-452
ISSN: 0304-3959 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3959(02)00205-1
OpenAlex: W1966127473
Cited by: 434
References: 60
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 14
FWCI: 6.85
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Pain (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Pain Management and Placebo Effect
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
Keywords: placebo analgesia, placebo response
MeSH terms: Analgesia, Clinical Trials as Topic, Humans, Pain Measurement, Placebo Effect

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A comparison of placebo effects in clinical analgesic trials versus studies of placebo analgesia

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