The DOI matches its Crossref record; 57 of the 57 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Translating developmental time across mammalian species
Abstract
Conservation of the order in which events occur in developing mammalian brains permits use of regression theory to model the timing of neural development. Following a small adjustment to account for a systematic variability in primate cortical and limbic systems, the model is used to generate a 95-event/nine-species matrix that predicts aspects of neurogenesis and axonal outgrowth in the brains of developing mice, hamsters, rats, spiny mice, rabbits, ferrets, cats, monkeys, and humans. Although data are compiled from species in which the timing of birth and the rate of maturation vary widely, the model proves statistically accurate, with practical implications for improving estimation of milestones of neural development, particularly for humans. Using the three-factor model (species, neural events, and primate adjustments), we produce predictions for the timing of 493 neural occurrences in developing mammalian brains that either have not yet been, or cannot be, empirically derived. We also relate the timing of neural events across the nine species in the form of a reference table calibrated to the development of laboratory rats. This 'translation' table will assist in attempts to equate the neurodevelopmental literature across species with either large or small differences in gestation and maturation, and also permit studies done in a variety of mammals to be applied to better understand human development. The comparative data indicate that humans, although conventionally considered an altricial species, are neurally advanced at birth relative to the other species studied.
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In the citing paper
“As this developmental stage in the mouse CNS corresponds to the second prenatal trimester in humans (Clancy et al., 2001), it is of limited clinical relevance.”
From Recombinant Human Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein Promoter Drives Selective AAV-Mediated Transgene Expression in Oligodendrocytes (2016) · cites this paper as Clancy et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“Since the rodent brain is less mature at birth than the human brain, it has been suggested that brain maturation occurring in the early postnatal period in the rat is analogous to maturational changes that occur in humans in late gestation (Clancy et al., 2001).”
From High pregnancy anxiety during mid-gestation is associated with decreased gray matter density in 6-9-year-old children. (2010) · cites this paper as Clancy et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“development of the limbic region and cortex on postnatal day (PND) 10 in the rat equates to that of a human fetus in the second to third trimester (Clancy et al., 2001).”
From The effects of early life stress on reward processing (2018) · cites this paper as Clancy et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“development of the human brain is protracted compared to other species (Clancy et al., 2001; Miller et al, 2012; Semple et al., 2013), so despite having a more “mature” brain at birth compared to rats, vulnerability to insult remains.”
From The effects of early life stress on reward processing (2018) · cites this paper as Clancy et al., 2001
Citations
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Finlay, B. L., & Darlington, R. B. (1995) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7777856 · Cited by 1,217
Self-citationRakic, P. (1974) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.183.4123.425 · Cited by 1,161
Concurrent overproduction of synapses in diverse regions of the primate cerebral cortex
Rakic, P., Bourgeois, J.-P., Eckenhoff, M. F., Zecevic, N., & Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1986) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3952506 · Cited by 1,133 · cited 1×
“One neural event was also excluded, a surge in the production of synapses in the developing brain which begins just before birth in primates (Rakic et al., 1986; Zecevic and Rakic, 1991; Missler et al., 1993a,b; Bourgeois et al., 1994; Granger et al., 1995; Huttenlocher and Dabholkar, 1997) or eye…”
Background
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Clancy, 1999, Translating time across species: what is that in rat days?, Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 25, 503
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The basics of brain development
Stiles, J., & Jernigan, T. L. (2010) · Neuropsychology Review · doi:10.1007/s11065-010-9148-4 · Cited by 2,009
Gene expression across mammalian organ development
Cardoso-Moreira, M., Halbert, J., Valloton, D., Velten, B., Chen, C., Shao, Y., Liechti, A., Ascenção, K., Rummel, C., Ovchinnikova, S., et al. (2019) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1338-5 · Cited by 838
Modeling transformations of neurodevelopmental sequences across mammalian species
Workman, A. D., Charvet, C. J., Clancy, B., Darlington, R. B., & Finlay, B. L. (2013) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5746-12.2013 · Cited by 833
Self-citationExtrapolating brain development from experimental species to humans
Clancy, B., Finlay, B. L., Darlington, R. B., & Anand, K. J. S. (2007) · NeuroToxicology · doi:10.1016/j.neuro.2007.01.014 · Cited by 812
Self-citationEarly motor activity drives spindle bursts in the developing somatosensory cortex
Khazipov, R., Sirota, A., Leinekugel, X., Holmes, G. L., Ben‐Ari, Y., & Buzsáki, G. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03132 · Cited by 634
Metadata
- Authors
- Clancy, B., Darlington, R. B., & Finlay, B. L.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Finlay, B.L
- Venue
- Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2001-07
- Volume
- 105
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 7-17
- ISSN
- 0306-4522 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2155471406
- Cited by
- 1,221
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 48 · 2021: 76 · 2020: 74 · 2019: 69 · 2018: 55 · 2017: 57 · 2016: 62 · 2015: 69 · 2014: 59 · 2013: 69 · 2012: 60
- FWCI
- 3.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (T32 MN 19389)
- U.S. Public Health Service (R01 19245)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Keywords
- developmental milestones, regression theory, comparative neuroanatomy, neurogenesis, axon growth, human brain development, altriciality, species comparison
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Animals, Brain, Cell Differentiation, Cell Division, Humans, Mammals, Models, Neurological, Phylogeny, Reproducibility of Results, Statistical Distributions, Body Patterning
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