Differential prevalence of cigarette smoking in patients with schizophrenic vs mood disorders
Abstract
Rates of substance-use disorders among psychiatric patients are consistently higher than in the general population, yet there is no clear specificity to the relationship between types of substance use and psychiatric diagnoses. Cigarette smoking may represent a substance-use behavior which has greater specificity for major psychiatric diagnoses. We examined the self-reported history of cigarette smoking vs marijuana, alcohol and cocaine use among 83 male veteran psychiatric patients with primary mood (major depression or bipolar disorder; n = 20) or schizophrenic (schizophrenia or schizoaffective; n = 63) disorders. Those in the SCZ group compared to those in the AFF group were more likely to be ever-smokers (OR 8.5, 95% CI [2.2, 32.3]), and current smokers (OR 12.0%, 95% CI [3.6, 40]), independent of age differences between the groups. There were no significant differences in marijuana, alcohol or cocaine use between the two groups when age differences were controlled. Generalizability of the findings is limited by small number of subjects, male gender and veteran status; however, the significantly higher prevalence of smoking among individuals with schizophrenic disorders may support the growing evidence of linkages between the effects of nicotine and the neurobiology of schizophrenia.
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Depressed patients are twice as likely to smoke than the general population.
“Depressed patients are twice as likely to smoke than the general population (Diwan et al., 1998; Glassman et al., 1990).”
From It is not “either/or”: Activation and desensitization of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors both contribute to behaviors related to nicotine addiction and mood (2008) · cites this paper as Diwan et al., 1998
Clinical studies have demonstrated an increased rate of smoking in individuals with depression, a tendency for depressive symptoms to develop in the context of smoking cessation, and the capacity for nicotine to improve depressive symptoms, even in non-smokers.
“Clinical studies have demonstrated an increased rate of smoking in individuals with depression (Diwan et al., 1998), a tendency for depressive symptoms to develop in the context of smoking cessation (Laje et al., 2001), and the capacity for nicotine to improve depressive symptoms, even in non-smokers (McClernon et al., 2006; Salin-Pascual et al., 1996).”
From Mood and anxiety regulation by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: A potential pathway to modulate aggression and related behavioral states (2015) · cites this paper as Diwan et al., 1998
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- Authors
- Diwan, A., Castine, M., Pomerleau, C. S., Meador-Woodruff, J. H., & Dalack, G. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Ann Arbor VA Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dalack, Gregory W.
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-09
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 113-118
- ISSN
- 0920-9964 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2134065174
- Cited by
- 152
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 2.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- cigarette smoking, schizophrenia
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Marijuana Abuse, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Smoking, Tobacco Use Disorder, Prevalence, Mood Disorders
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