Prevalence of smoking in psychiatric patients
Abstract
Compelling evidence that tobacco-smoking is a form of drug addiction exists. The aim of this study is to determine the following: (1) prevalence of tobacco-smoking and of nicotine dependence in French psychiatric patients; (2) rates and patterns of tobacco smoking and of nicotine dependence according to diagnosis; (3) relationship between current smoking status and antipsychotic medications; and (4) relationship between cigarette smoking and neurological side effects induced by neuroleptics. A population of 711 psychiatric in- and outpatients was assessed using: (1) a detailed smoking self-questionnaire for smoking history and nicotine dependence; and (2) a questionnaire for staff covering treatments and DSMIII-R diagnoses. Data were analyzed using chi2 analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests (one factor) for quantitative comparisons between groups of patients, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) test with age covariate was performed for age-dependent variables. Prevalence of smoking in the population of psychiatric patients was significantly higher than in the French general population. Diagnoses among current smokers were mainly substance-related disorder and schizophrenia. The authors established correlations between prevalence of smoking and age, sex, marital and socioeconomic status, alcohol use, coffee consumption and other psychoactive substance use or abuse. The authors did not find relationship between smoking prevalence and institutionalization. Neuroleptic neurological side effects were significantly fewer among smokers compared to nonsmokers. However, the rate of smokers was significantly higher in psychiatric patients receiving neuroleptic drugs. Nicotine abuse in psychiatric patients, and especially in schizophrenic patients, could support the hypothesis that smoking is consistent with self-medication.
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Tobacco dependence is highly prevalent in MDD populations and MDD patients have a higher prevalence of smokers.
“Second, tobacco dependence is highly prevalent in MDD populations (7) and MDD patients have a higher prevalence of smokers (8–10).”
From Persistent β <sub>2</sub> *-Nicotinic Acetylcholinergic Receptor Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder (2012) · cites this paper as [9]
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- Authors
- Poirier, M.-F., Canceil, O., Baylé, F., Millet, B., Bourdel, M.-C., Moatti, C., Olié, J.-P., & Attar-Lévy, D.
- Affiliations
- Inserm (FR)
- Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Poirier, Marie-France
- ORCID
- Millet, Bruno
- Venue
- Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-04
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 529-537
- ISSN
- 0278-5846 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2021644960
- Cited by
- 150
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 4.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Keywords
- smoking, nicotine dependence, psychiatric patients, schizophrenia, substance-related disorders, antipsychotic drugs, antipsychotic adverse effects, self-medication, smoking prevalence, alcohol consumption, socioeconomic status
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Analysis of Variance, Mental Disorders, Female, France, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patients, Sex Factors, Smoking, Socioeconomic Factors, Prevalence, Chi-Square Distribution
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