Health policy and public health implications of obesity in China
Abstract
China has experienced many drastic social and economic changes and shifts in people's lifestyles since the 1990s, in parallel with the fast rising prevalence of obesity. About half of adults and a fifth of children have overweight or obesity according to the Chinese criteria, making China the country with the highest number of people with overweight or obesity in the world. Assuming that observed time trends would continue in the future, we projected the prevalence of and the number of people affected by overweight and obesity by 2030, and the associated medical costs. The rising incidence of obesity and number of people affected, as well as the related health and economic consequences, place a huge burden on China's health-care system. China has made many efforts to tackle obesity, including the implementation of relevant national policies and programmes. However, these measures are inadequate for controlling the obesity epidemic. In the past decade, China has attached great importance to public health, and the Healthy China 2030 national strategy initiated in 2016 provides a historical opportunity to establish comprehensive national strategies for tackling obesity. China is well positioned to explore an effective model to overcome the obesity epidemic; however, strong commitment and leadership from central and local governments are needed, as well as active participation of all related society sectors and individual citizens. TRANSLATION: For the Chinese translation of the paper see Supplementary Materials section.
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Among Chinese with recent access to high-GL/high-sugar diets, obesity and metabolic disease have reached epidemic proportions.
“Among Chinese with recent access to high-GL/high-sugar diets, obesity and metabolic disease have reached epidemic proportions (159).”
From The carbohydrate-insulin model: A physiological perspective on the obesity pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as [159]
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Direct health care costs associated with obesity in Chinese population in 2011
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Effectiveness of Obesity Prevention and ControlPreprint
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The carbohydrate-insulin model: A physiological perspective on the obesity pandemic
Ludwig, D. S., Aronne, L. J., Astrup, A., de Cabo, R., Cantley, L. C., Friedman, M. I., Heymsfield, S. B., Johnson, J. D., King, J. C., Krauss, R. M., et al. (2021) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqab270 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
Clinical management and treatment of obesity in China
Zeng, Q., Li, N., Pan, X.-F., Chen, L., & Pan, A. (2021) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(21)00047-4 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Self-citationUniversal health coverage in China part 2: addressing challenges and recommendations
Yip, W., Fu, H., Jian, W., Liu, J., Pan, J., Xu, D., Yang, H., & Zhai, T. (2023) · The Lancet Public Health · doi:10.1016/s2468-2667(23)00255-4 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Huang, M., Huang, M., Liu, L., Yang, F., He, C., Sun, Y., Jiao, Y., Tang, X., Hou, J., Chen, K., et al. (2025) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202502634 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
- Authors
- Wang, Y., Zhao, L., Gao, L., Pan, A., & Xue, H.
- Affiliations
- Xi'an Jiaotong University (CN)
- Sichuan University (CN)
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology (CN)
- George Mason University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wang, Youfa
- Venue
- The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-07
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 446-461
- ISSN
- 2213-8587 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3169848299
- Cited by
- 526
- References
- 116
- Citations by year
- 2026: 85 · 2025: 149 · 2024: 135 · 2023: 97 · 2022: 50 · 2021: 10
- FWCI
- 13.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Harbin University of Science and Technology
- China Medical Board (16\u2013262, 262)
- Fudan University
- University of Auckland
- Chinese Nutrition Society
- National Key Research and Development Program of China
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine
- National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research (2017YFC0907201, 2017YFC0907200)
- University of Bath
- University of California
- National Institutes of Health (U54 HD070725)
- United Nations Childrens Fund (2018-Nutrition-2.1.2.3)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Pharmacy › Obesity and Health Practices
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- obesity, overweight, obesity prevalence projections, healthcare burden, health policy, Healthy China 2030, childhood obesity, adult obesity, lifestyle modification, China
- MeSH terms
- China, Delivery of Health Care, Health Policy, Humans, Obesity, Public Health, Cost of Illness
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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