Navigation
Abstract
Navigation is coordinated and goal-directed movement through the environment by organisms or intelligent machines. It involves both planning and execution of movements. It may be understood to include the two components of locomotion and wayfinding. Locomotion is body movement coordinated to the local surrounds; wayfinding is planning and decision making coordinated to the distal as well as local surrounds. Several sensory modalities provide information for navigating, and a variety of cognitive systems are involved in processing information from the senses and from memory. Animals update their orientation – their knowledge of location and heading – as they move about. Combinations of landmark-based and dead-reckoning processes are used to update. Humans also use symbolic representations to maintain orientation, including language and cartographic maps. Factors have been identified that make orientation easier in some environments than others. Neuroscience has pointed to the role of certain brain structures in the maintenance of orientation and has uncovered evidence for neurons that fire preferentially in response to an animal’s location or heading. Artificial intelligence researchers develop computer models that test theories of navigational cognition or just create competent robots.
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Landmarks are important for spatial learning because they serve as anchors and reference points that help wayfinders orient themselves, navigate beyond immediate surroundings, and structure mental representation of space.
“It is already well-established that landmarks are important for spatial learning because they serve as anchors and reference points that help wayfinders easily orient themselves in the surrounding environment, navigate to a destination beyond their immediate surroundings, and structure their mental representation of space (Couclelis et al., 1987; Golledge, 1999; Montello, 2005).”
From The influence of landmark visualization style on task performance, visual attention, and spatial learning in a real-world navigation task (2024) · cites this paper as Montello, 2005
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- Authors
- Montello, D. R.
- Corresponding author
- Montello, Daniel R.
- Venue
- The Cambridge Handbook of Visuospatial Thinking
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press
- Published
- 2005-07-18
- Pages
- 257-294
- OpenAlex
- W1507826200
- Cited by
- 305
- References
- 90
- Citations by year
- 2026: 33 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 7.43
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cambridge University Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Spatial Cognition and Navigation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Inertial Sensor and Navigation
- Keywords
- navigation, wayfinding, locomotion, orientation, landmark-based navigation, dead reckoning, cognitive maps, spatial memory, heading, brain structure, place cells, robot navigation, artificial intelligence
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