Topographical disorientation: a synthesis and taxonomy
Abstract
Over the last century, several dozen case reports have presented 'topographically disoriented' patients who, in some cases, appear to have selectively lost their ability to find their way within large-scale, locomotor environments. A review is offered here that has as its aim the creation of a taxonomy that accurately reflects the behavioural impairments and neuroanatomical findings of this literature. This effort is guided by an appreciation of the models of normative way-finding offered by environmental psychology and recent neuroscience research. It is proposed that several varieties of topographical disorientation exist, resulting from damage to distinct neuroanatomical areas. The particular pattern of impairments that patients evidence is argued to be consonant with the known functions of these cortical regions and with recent neuroimaging results. The conflicting claims of previous reviews of this area are also considered and addressed.
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Damage to RSC produces a profound form of topographical disorientation, in which patients can accurately recognize landmarks but cannot use these landmarks to orient themselves in space.
“Damage to RSC produces a profound form of topographical disorientation, in which patients can accurately recognize landmarks but cannot use these landmarks to orient themselves in space15.”
From Anchoring the neural compass: coding of local spatial reference frames in human medial parietal lobe (2014) · cites this paper as [15]
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- Authors
- Aguirre, G. K.
- Affiliations
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Corresponding author
- Aguirre, G. K.
- ORCID
- Aguirre, G. K.
- Venue
- Brain
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1999-09-01
- Volume
- 122
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1613-1628
- ISSN
- 0006-8950 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2156
- OpenAlex
- W2115376779
- Cited by
- 772
- References
- 106
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 47 · 2019: 46 · 2018: 40 · 2017: 41 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 52 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 33
- FWCI
- 24.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Spatial Cognition and Navigation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Spatial Neglect and Hemispheric Dysfunction
- Keywords
- topographical disorientation, wayfinding, spatial disorientation, environmental psychology, cortical regions, spatial cognition
- MeSH terms
- Agnosia, Amnesia, Brain, Cognition Disorders, Confusion, Humans, Orientation, Space Perception
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