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Behavior-based robotics emphasized action-perception coupling at the architectural level, showing that coherent behavior can emerge without centralized representations.
“Behavior-based robotics (Brooks, 1991) emphasized this coupling at the architectural level, showing that coherent behavior can emerge without centralized representations precisely because perception and action are distributed across interacting sensorimotor routines, rather than separated into sequential stages.”
From Toward Enactive Artificial Intelligence (2026) · cites this paper as Brooks, 1991
Many robotic systems still rely on modular architectures that separate perception, planning, and control, preserving a classical decomposition of cognitive functions.
“Many robotic systems still rely on modular architectures that separate perception, planning, and control, preserving a classical decomposition of cognitive functions (Brooks, 1991; Clark, 1997).”
From Toward Enactive Artificial Intelligence (2026) · cites this paper as Brooks, 1991
The Active Inference scheme for adaptive control connects well with hierarchical and layered robotic control architectures, where higher levels encode goal-directed controllers or schemas that contextualize lower-level reflex or habit-like control loops.
“The Active Inference scheme for adaptive control connects well with hierarchical and layered robotic control architectures (Arbib, 1992, Brooks, 1991, Tani and Nolfi, 1999, Verschure et al., 2003), where higher levels encode goal-directed controllers or schemas that contextualize lower-level reflex or habit-like control loops.”
From Active Inference, homeostatic regulation and adaptive behavioural control (2015) · cites this paper as Brooks, 1991
The hybrid model is a combination of reactive and deliberative paradigms, where a direct sense-act coupling exists but data can also be used by the planning module.
“Finally, the hybrid model is a combination of both paradigms, where a direct sense-act coupling exists, but the data can also be used by the planning module.”
From The Behavioral Intervention Technology Model: An Integrated Conceptual and Technological Framework for eHealth and mHealth Interventions (2014) · cites this paper as [34]
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“The Active Inference scheme for adaptive control connects well with hierarchical and layered robotic control architectures (Arbib, 1992; Brooks, 1991; Tani and Nolfi, 1999; Verschure et al., 2003), where higher levels encode goal-directed controllers or schemas that contextualize lower-level reflex or habit-like contr…”
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- Authors
- Brooks, R. A.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Brooks, Rodney A.
- Venue
- Artificial Intelligence
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1991-01
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 1-3
- Pages
- 139-159
- ISSN
- 0004-3702 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2397253692
- Cited by
- 4,853
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 152 · 2025: 147 · 2024: 77 · 2023: 119 · 2022: 143 · 2021: 120 · 2020: 231 · 2019: 178 · 2018: 147 · 2017: 173 · 2016: 100 · 2015: 140 · 2014: 155 · 2013: 162 · 2012: 173
- FWCI
- 73.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Artificial Intelligence (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Psychiatry, Mental Health, Neuroscience
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Reinforcement Learning in Robotics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › AI-based Problem Solving and Planning
- Keywords
- autonomous mobile robots, perception and action, decentralized control, office environment
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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