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Cited by 295Schizophrenia research and treatmentSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesForensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis

Pre-morbid characteristics and co-morbidity of methamphetamine users with and without psychosis

CHEN, C.-K., LIN, S.-K., SHAM, P. C., BALL, D., LOH, E.-W., HSIAO, C.-C., CHIANG, Y.-L., REE, S.-C. +2 more·2003·Psychological Medicine
DOI 10.1017/s0033291703008353
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Abstract

Background. The long-term use of methamphetamine (MAMP) can result in psychosis but it is not clear why some individuals develop psychotic symptoms, while others use MAMP regularly over long periods and remain unscathed. We set out to characterize MAMP users and to examine the relationship of pre-morbid personality, pre-morbid social function and other psychiatric disorders to MAMP psychosis. Method. Four hundred and forty-five amphetamine users were recruited from a psychiatric hospital and a detention centre in Taipei, and were assessed with the Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies (DIGS). Their parents were interviewed with the Premorbid Schizoid and Schizotypal Traits (PSST) and the Premorbid Social Adjustment (PSA) schedules. Pre-morbid characteristics and psychiatric co-morbidity were compared between the MAMP users with a lifetime diagnosis of MAMP psychosis and those without. Results. The MAMP users with psychosis presented a clinical picture which mimicked the positive symptoms of schizophrenia: 85% had auditory hallucinations; 71% persecutory delusions; 63% delusions of reference. Compared with their non-psychotic counterparts, these MAMP users were younger at first MAMP use, used larger amounts of MAMP, had a significantly higher mean PSST score, and higher rates of major depressive disorder, alcohol dependence and antisocial personality disorder. Conclusions. Earlier and larger use of MAMP was associated with increased risk of psychosis. Our data are also compatible with the view that pre-morbid schizoid/schizotypal personality predisposes MAMP users to develop psychosis, and that the greater the personality vulnerability, the longer the psychosis will persist.

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  • Schizophrenia is associated with excessive dopamine neurotransmission, consistent with increased phasic activity of midbrain dopaminergic neurons.

    “First, it must account for the excessive dopamine neurotransmission that has been associated with the psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia.”

    From Schizophrenia, myelination, and delayed corollary discharges: a hypothesis (2012) · cites this paper as [3]

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Authors
CHEN, C.-K., LIN, S.-K., SHAM, P. C., BALL, D., LOH, E.-W., HSIAO, C.-C., CHIANG, Y.-L., REE, S.-C., LEE, C.-H., & MURRAY, R. M.
Affiliations
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (TW)
ORCID
Venue
Psychological Medicine
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published
2003-10-30
Volume
33
Issue
8
Pages
1407-1414
ISSN
  • 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-8978
DOI
10.1017/s0033291703008353
OpenAlex
W2108964872
Cited by
295
References
23
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 18
FWCI
5.93
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified)
Locations
  • Psychological Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion)
  • Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis
Keywords
methamphetamine, amphetamine psychosis, premorbid personality, schizoid personality disorder, schizotypy, psychiatric comorbidity, major depressive disorder, alcoholism, antisocial personality disorder, auditory hallucinations, persecutory delusions, delusions of reference, age at first use, dosage
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Alcoholism, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Antisocial Personality Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Major, Disease Susceptibility, Female, Hospitals, Psychiatric, Humans, Male, Methamphetamine, Personality Assessment, Prisons, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychoses, Substance-Induced, Risk Factors, Schizoid Personality Disorder, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Social Adjustment, Taiwan, Comorbidity, Causality, Amphetamine-Related Disorders

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