Cited by 292Treatment of Major DepressionCircadian rhythm and melatoninSleep and related disorders

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Chronotherapeutics (light and wake therapy) in affective disorders

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WIRZ-JUSTICE, ANNA, BENEDETTI, FRANCESCO, BERGER, MATHIAS, LAM, RAYMOND W., MARTINY, KLAUS, TERMAN, MICHAEL, WU, JOSEPH C.·2005·Psychological Medicine

DOI 10.1017/s003329170500437x

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Abstract

The Committee on Chronotherapeutics, delegated by the International Society for Affective Disorders (ISAD), makes the following recommendations after reviewing the evidence as of November 2004. (1) Wake therapy is the most rapid antidepressant available today: approximately 60% of patients, independent of diagnostic subtype, respond with marked improvement within hours. Treatment can be a single or repeated sleep deprivation, total (all night) or partial (second half of the night). Relapse can be prevented by daily light therapy, concomitant administration of SSRIs, lithium (for bipolar patients), or a short phase advance of sleep over 3 days following a single night of wake therapy. Combinations of these interventions show great promise. (2) Light therapy is effective for major depression--not only for the seasonal subtype. As an adjuvant to conventional antidepressants in unipolar patients, or lithium in bipolar patients, morning light hastens and potentiates the antidepressant response. Light therapy shows benefit even for patients with chronic depression of 2 years or more, outperforming their weak response to drugs. This method provides a viable alternative for patients who refuse, resist or cannot tolerate medication, or for whom drugs may be contraindicated, as in antepartum depression. (3) Given the urgent need for new strategies to treat patients with residual depressive symptoms, clinical trials of wake therapy and/or adjuvant light therapy, coupled with follow-up studies of long-term recurrence, are a high priority.

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The Efficacy of Light Therapy in the Treatment of Mood Disorders: A Review and Meta-Analysis of the Evidence
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“Building on the example of the American Psychiatric Association ( Golden et al. in press ), national psychiatric associations should exert clinical leadership and develop standards of practice for chronotherapeutics.”
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Authors: WIRZ-JUSTICE, A., BENEDETTI, F., BERGER, M., LAM, R. W., MARTINY, K., TERMAN, M., & WU, J. C.
Affiliations: International Society for Infectious Diseases (US)
ORCID: BENEDETTI, FRANCESCO
LAM, RAYMOND W.
MARTINY, KLAUS
WU, JOSEPH C.
Venue: Psychological Medicine
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published: 2005-03-10
Volume: 35
Issue: 7
Pages: 939-944
ISSN: 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
1469-8978
DOI: 10.1017/s003329170500437x
OpenAlex: W2111639473
Cited by: 291
References: 58
Citations by year: 2026: 15 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 21
FWCI: 8.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified)
Locations: Psychological Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele (submittedVersion)
Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
Keywords: chronotherapy, wake therapy, phototherapy, sleep deprivation, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, antidepressant response, relapse prevention, seasonal affective disorder, chronic depression, antenatal depression, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, lithium, sleep phase advance, treatment-resistant depression
MeSH terms: Clinical Trials as Topic, Humans, Phototherapy, Prognosis, Treatment Outcome, Mood Disorders

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Chronotherapeutics (light and wake therapy) in affective disorders

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