Predicting post-traumatic stress disorder: validation of the Trauma Screening Questionnaire in victims of assault
Abstract
Background. No accurate means of determining which individuals will develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following a traumatic event has yet been identified. This study aimed to determine the validity of the Trauma Screening Questionnaire (TSQ) in predicting the development of PTSD following assault. Method. Five hundred and sixty-two individuals who presented to an emergency unit following assault completed the TSQ between 1 and 3 weeks later. The Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS) was completed by the same individuals at 1 month and 6 months following assault to determine the presence of PTSD. The predictive power of the TSQ was determined by statistical tests. Results. The TSQ was an effective means of predicting future PTSD, with a sensitivity of 0·85, specificity 0·89, negative predictive value (NPV) 0·98 and efficiency 0·90. The positive predictive value (PPV) was lower (0·48), probably as a result of the relatively low prevalence of PTSD at 1 month (11%) and 6 months (8%) following the assault. Conclusions. This study suggests that the TSQ can be used between 1 and 3 weeks after assault to help identify individuals who will develop PTSD.
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A TSQ cut-off score of 5 has good sensitivity (0.84) and specificity (0.92).
“Since we administer the questionnaire relatively early post-trauma (i.e. within the first week compared to 1 to 3 weeks post-trauma) and a cut-off score of 5 still has a good sensitivity (0.84) and specificity (0.92) [58], we use the lower cut-off score of 5 to signal increased risk.”
From Efficacy of oxytocin administration early after psychotrauma in preventing the development of PTSD: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial (2014) · cites this paper as [58]
The optimal TSQ cut-off score to predict PTSD at 1 month after trauma is 6, as found in a sample of trauma-exposed individuals screened at 1 to 3 weeks post-trauma.
“The optimal TSQ cut-off score to predict PTSD at 1 month after trauma is 6, as was found in a sample of trauma-exposed individuals who where screened at 1 to 3 weeks post-trauma [58].”
From Efficacy of oxytocin administration early after psychotrauma in preventing the development of PTSD: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial (2014) · cites this paper as [58]
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- Authors
- WALTERS, J. T. R., BISSON, J. I., & SHEPHERD, J. P.
- Affiliations
- University Hospital of Wales (GB)
- Cardiff University (GB)
- Venue
- Psychological Medicine
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2006-09-07
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 143-150
- ISSN
- 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-8978
- OpenAlex
- W2054442538
- Cited by
- 95
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 4.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (acceptedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, assault victims, PTSD prediction, screening tool validation, Davidson Trauma Scale, sensitivity and specificity, emergency department patients
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, Predictive Value of Tests, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sensitivity and Specificity, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Reproducibility of Results, Crime Victims
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