The Predictive Power of Peritraumatic Dissociation and Acute Stress Symptoms for Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms: A Three-Month Prospective Study
Abstract
Objective The authors prospectively examined the power of peritraumatic dissociation and acute stress symptoms in predicting posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Method Thirty-five assault victims were assessed with the Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire within 24 hours of the assault. Participants were reassessed 2 weeks after the trauma with the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire and 3 months after the trauma with the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale and the Impact of Event Scale. Correlational analyses and a hierarchical multiple regression were conducted. Results Peritraumatic dissociation and acute stress symptoms were correlated with later PTSD symptoms and diagnosis. Together, peritraumatic dissociation and acute stress symptoms accounted for 33% of the variance in PTSD symptoms. Conclusions These results support earlier findings that peritraumatic dissociative experiences and acute stress are robust predictors of PTSD. Such symptoms may be of use for identifying at an early stage individuals at highest risk of remaining symptomatic. Future studies should investigate the predictive power of specific peritraumatic and acute stress disorder symptom clusters.
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Prospective studies disagree about whether peritraumatic dissociation predicts later PTSD.
“Indeed, some prospective studies suggest that peritraumatic dissociation predicts PTSD over time (e.g., Birmes et al., 2003; Ehlers, Mayou, & Bryant, 1998; Holen, 1991; Marmar et al., 1999; Murray, Ehlers, & Mayou, 2002; Schafer, Barkmann, Riedesser, & Schulte-Markwort, 2004; Shalev & Freedman, 2005; Ursano et al., 1999); however, others do not”
From Dissociation and memory fragmentation in post-traumatic stress disorder: An evaluation of the dissociative encoding hypothesis (2012) · cites this paper as Birmes et al., 2003
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Relations among peritraumatic dissociation and posttraumatic stress: A meta-analysis
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- Authors
- Birmes, P., Brunet, A., Carreras, D., Ducassé, J.-L., Charlet, J.-P., Lauque, D., Sztulman, H., & Schmitt, L.
- Affiliations
- Hôpital de La Grave (FR)
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 2003-07-01
- Volume
- 160
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1337-1339
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- OpenAlex
- W2103287566
- Cited by
- 200
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 10.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Keywords
- peritraumatic dissociation, acute stress symptoms, acute stress disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, assault victims, trauma exposure, risk prediction, dissociative experiences
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Dissociative Disorders, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Life Change Events, Male, Personality Inventory, Predictive Value of Tests, Prospective Studies, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Surveys and Questionnaires, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Comorbidity, Confidence Intervals, Linear Models, Crime Victims, Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute
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