Age patterns in the prevalence of DSM-IV depressive/anxiety disorders with and without physical co-morbidity
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BACKGROUND: Physical morbidity is a potent risk factor for depression onset and clearly increases with age, yet prior research has often found depressive disorders to decrease with age. This study tests the possibility that the relationship between age and mental disorders differs as a function of physical co-morbidity. METHOD: Eighteen general population surveys were carried out among household-residing adults as part of the World Mental Health (WMH) surveys initiative (n=42 697). DSM-IV disorders were assessed using face-to-face interviews with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0). The effect of age was estimated for 12-month depressive and/or anxiety disorders with and without physical or pain co-morbidity, and for physical and/or pain conditions without mental co-morbidity. RESULTS: Depressive and anxiety disorders decreased with age, a result that cannot be explained by organic exclusion criteria. No significant difference was found in the relationship between mental disorders and age as a function of physical/pain co-morbidity. The majority of older persons have chronic physical or pain conditions without co-morbid mental disorders; by contrast, the majority of those with mental disorders have physical/pain co-morbidity, particularly among the older age groups. CONCLUSIONS: CIDI-diagnosed depressive and anxiety disorders in the general population decrease with age, despite greatly increasing physical morbidity with age. Physical morbidity among persons with mental disorder is the norm, particularly in older populations. Health professionals, including mental health professionals, need to address barriers to the management of physical co-morbidity among those with mental disorders.
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The frequency of depression and anxiety disorder diagnoses is approximately double for obese women as compared with obese men.
“The frequency of depression and anxiety disorder diagnoses are approximately double for obese women as compared with obese men [1,157], a divergence that corresponds with lifetime prevalence independent of body weight.”
From The menace of obesity to depression and anxiety prevalence (2022) · cites this paper as [157]
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- Authors
- Scott, K. M., Von Korff, M., Alonso, J., Angermeyer, M., Bromet, E. J., Bruffaerts, R., de Girolamo, G., de Graaf, R., Fernandez, A., Gureje, O., He, Y., Kessler, R. C., Kovess, V., Levinson, D., Medina-Mora, M. E., Mneimneh, Z., Oakley Browne, M. A., Posada-Villa, J., Tachimori, H., & Williams, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Otago (NZ)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (ES)
- Stony Brook University (US)
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven (BE)
- University College Hospital, Ibadan (NG)
- Shanghai Mental Health Center (CN)
- Harvard University (US)
- Israel Ministry of Health (IL)
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz (MX)
- Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care (LB)
- Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca (CO)
- National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Scott, K. M.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Psychological Medicine
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2008-05-19
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1659-1669
- ISSN
- 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-8978
- PMC
- PMC2637812
- OpenAlex
- W2165636616
- Cited by
- 116
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 14.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Psychological Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- RECERCAT (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- Repositori digital de la UPF (Universitat Pompeu Fabra) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r13mh066849-04, 5r01mh069864-04, 5r01mh070884-05)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R13-MH-066849, R01‐MH070884, R01MH061905, R01MH059575, U13MH066849, U01MH060220, R01‐MH069864)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (K05DA015799, R01DA016558)
- Fogarty International Center (R01-TW006481, R03TW006481)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Aging, Health, and Disability
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, age differences, somatic comorbidity, chronic pain, physical morbidity, older adults, prevalence, World Mental Health Surveys, DSM-IV
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Anxiety Disorders, Chronic Disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Depressive Disorder, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Sex Factors, Comorbidity, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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