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Cited by 529Mental Health Treatment and AccessAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesChronic Disease Management Strategies

Depression-anxiety relationships with chronic physical conditions: results from the World Mental Health Surveys

Scott, K.M., Bruffaerts, R., Tsang, A., Ormel, J., Alonso, J., Angermeyer, M.C., Benjet, C., Bromet, E. +14 more·2007·Journal of Affective Disorders
DOI 10.1016/j.jad.2007.01.015
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Abstract

Background Prior research on the association between affective disorders and physical conditions has been carried out in developed countries, usually in clinical populations, on a limited range of mental disorders and physical conditions, and has seldom taken into account the comorbidity between depressive and anxiety disorders.Methods Eighteen general population surveys were carried out among adults in 17 countries as part of the World Mental Health Surveys initiative (N=42, 249). DSM-IV depressive and anxiety disorders were assessed using face-to-face interviews with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0). Chronic physical conditions were ascertained via a standard checklist. The relationship between mental disorders and physical conditions was assessed by considering depressive and anxiety disorders independently (depression without anxiety; anxiety without depression) and conjointly (depression plus anxiety).Results All physical conditions were significantly associated with depressive and/or anxiety disorders but there was variation in the strength of association (ORs 1.2-4.5). Non-comorbid depressive and anxiety disorders were associated in equal degree with physical conditions. Comorbid depressive-anxiety disorder was more strongly associated with several physical conditions than were single mental disorders.Limitations Physical conditions were ascertained via self report, though for a number of conditions this was self-report of diagnosis by a physician.Conclusions Given the prevalence and clinical consequences of the co-occurrence of mental and physical disorders, attention to their comorbidity should remain a clinical and research priority.

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  • Major depressive disorder is linked to higher risk of developing, sustaining, and experiencing severe forms of many chronic physical disorders.

    “MDD is also associated with elevated risk of onset, persistence, and severity of a wide range of chronic physical disorders as well as with increased early mortality due to an even wider range of physical disorders and to suicide.”

    From The Costs of Depression (2012) · cites this paper as [94]

  • Major depressive disorder is significantly associated with a wide variety of chronic physical disorders, including arthritis, asthma, cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, chronic respiratory disorders, and chronic pain conditions; similar data exist from community surveys worldwide.

    “It is now well established that MDD is significantly associated with a wide variety of chronic physical disorders, including arthritis, asthma, cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, chronic respiratory disorders, and a variety of chronic pain conditions.86–94 Although most of the data documenting these associations comes from clinical samples in the US, similar data also exist”

    From The Costs of Depression (2012) · cites this paper as [94]

  • Gender differences in reported mood and relationships between comorbidities and anxiety/depression are also found in the literature.

    “Gender differences in reported mood and relationships between comorbidities and anxiety/depression are also found in the literature [24]”

    From A longitudinal study of affective and anxiety disorders, depressive affect and diabetes distress in adults with type 2 diabetes (2008) · cites this paper as [24]

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Authors
Scott, K. M., Bruffaerts, R., Tsang, A., Ormel, J., Alonso, J., Angermeyer, M. C., Benjet, C., Bromet, E., de Girolamo, G., de Graaf, R., Gasquet, I., Gureje, O., Haro, J. M., He, Y., Kessler, R. C., Levinson, D., Mneimneh, Z. N., Oakley Browne, M. A., Posada-Villa, J., Stein, D. J., Takeshima, T., & Von Korff, M.
Affiliations
  • Victoria University of Wellington (NZ)
  • Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven (BE)
  • Chinese University of Hong Kong (HK)
  • University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
  • Leipzig University (DE)
  • State University of New York (US)
  • Inserm (FR)
  • University College Hospital, Ibadan (NG)
  • Shanghai Mental Health Center (CN)
  • Harvard University (US)
  • Israel Ministry of Health (IL)
  • Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care (LB)
  • Groote Schuur Hospital (ZA)
Corresponding author
Scott, K.M.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Affective Disorders
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2007-11
Volume
103
Issue
1-3
Pages
113-120
ISSN
0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jad.2007.01.015
OpenAlex
W2067984600
Cited by
529
References
41
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 19
FWCI
32.61
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • World Health Organization
  • National Institutes of Health (5r13mh066849-04, 5r01mh069864-04, 5r01mh070884-05)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (R13-MH-066849, R0 1-MH61905, R01‐MH070884, U01-MH-60220, R01MH061905, R01MH059575, U01MH060220, R01‐MH069864)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA016558)
  • Fogarty International Center (R01-TW006481)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Chronic Disease Management Strategies
Keywords
depression, anxiety disorders, chronic physical illness, comorbidities, World Mental Health Surveys, general population
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Anxiety Disorders, Chronic Disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Major Depressive Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Major, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Sick Role, Comorbidity, Dysthymic Disorder

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