B-Afferents: A fundamental division of the nervous system mediating homeostasis?

Prechtl, James C.; Powley, Terry L.

doi:10.1017/s0140525x00078729

Cited by 42Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic ControlPain Mechanisms and TreatmentsNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research

B-Afferents: A fundamental division of the nervous system mediating homeostasis?

Prechtl, James C., Powley, Terry L.·1990·Behavioral and Brain Sciences

DOI 10.1017/s0140525x00078729

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Abstract

The peripheral nervous system (PNS) has classically been separated into a somatic division composed of both afferent and efferent pathways and an autonomic division containing only efferents. J. N. Langley, who codified this asymmetrical plan at the beginning of the twentieth century, considered different afferents, including visceral ones, as candidates for inclusion in his concept of the “autonomic nervous system” (ANS), but he finally excluded all candidates for lack of any distinguishing histological markers. Langley's classification has been enormously influential in shaping modern ideas about both the structure and the function of the PNS. We survey recent information about the PNS and argue that many of the sensory neurons designated as “visceral” and “somatic” are in fact part of a histologically distinct group of afferents concerned primarily autonomic function. These afferents have traditionally been known as “small dark” neurons or B-neurons. In this target article we outline an association between autonomic and B-neurons based on ontogeny, cell phenotype, and functional relations, grouping them together as part of a common reflex system involved in homeostasis. This more parsimonious classification of the PNS, made possible by the identification of a group of afferents associated primarily with the ANS, avoids a number of confusions produced by the classical orientation. It may also have practical implications for an understanding of nociception, homeostatic refle…

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The vagus nerve is composed of 80% afferent and 20% efferent fibers.
“It is composed of 80% afferent and 20% efferent fibers (Agostoni et al., 1957;Prechtl and Powley, 1990)”
From The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis (2019) · cites this paper as Prechtl and Powley, 1990

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The distribution of afferent fibers from the gastrocnemius-soleus muscle in the dorsal horn of the peroxidase cat, as revealed by the transport of horseradish peroxidase
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5 of the 357 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

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The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis
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Pathobiological reactions of C‐fibre primary sensory neurones to peripheral nerve injury
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Recognizing the role of the vagus nerve in depression from microbiota-gut brain axis
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Authors: Prechtl, J. C., & Powley, T. L.
Affiliations: Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
ORCID: Powley, Terry L.
Venue: Behavioral and Brain Sciences
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published: 1990-06
Volume: 13
Issue: 2
Pages: 289-300
ISSN: 0140-525X (ISSN-L)
1469-1825
DOI: 10.1017/s0140525x00078729
OpenAlex: W2166156833
Cited by: 42
References: 357
Citations by year: 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2013: 2
FWCI: 1.51
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified, 7657 d)
Locations: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Keywords: autonomic nervous system, somatic afferents, visceral afferents, nociception, nervous system evolution, ontogeny, cell phenotype

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B-Afferents: A fundamental division of the nervous system mediating homeostasis?

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