Cited by 142Neurobiology of Language and BilingualismLanguage Development and DisordersPhonetics and Phonology Research

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Applying the Competition Model to bilingualism

Macwhinney, Brian·1987·Applied Psycholinguistics

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

This special issue brings together a set of four papers devoted to the experimental study of sentence processing by bilinguals in their second language. The basic finding reported in this research is that, in many cases, learners transfer their LI sentence processing strategies onto sentence processing in L2. Moreover, the influence of this transfer can be detected in weakened form even in fluent bilinguals who have spoken L2 for many years. In effect, these studies report on a kind of comprehension analog to “foreign accent” that first came to light during work on sentence comprehension within the framework of the Competition Model of Bates and MacWhinney (1982).

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1017/s0142716400000357

Cites

34 of 34 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition: Foundations
Rumelhart, D. E., McClelland, J. L., & AU (1986) · doi:10.7551/mitpress/5236.001.0001 · Cited by 15,686
The Modularity of Mind
Fodor, J. A. (1983) · doi:10.7551/mitpress/4737.001.0001 · Cited by 7,734
The Senses Considered as Perceptual Systems
West, C. K., & Gibson, J. J. (1969) · Journal of Aesthetic Education · doi:10.2307/3331482 · Cited by 6,344
The Senses Considered as Perceptual Systems
Boring, E. G., & Gibson, J. J. (1967) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1420561 · Cited by 3,186
Perception and the Representative Design of Psychological Experiments
Brunswik, E. (1956) · doi:10.1525/9780520350519 · Cited by 2,974
The modularity of mind: An essay on faculty psychology. By Jerry A. Fodor. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1983. Pp. ix, 145. Cloth $17.50, paper $8.50.
Matthei, E. H. (1984) · Language · doi:10.2307/413815 · Cited by 2,189
Language Acquisition: The State of the Art
Wanner, E., & Gleitman, L. R. (2009) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,022
On the genesis of abstract ideas.
Posner, M. I., & Keele, S. W. (1968) · Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0025953 · Cited by 1,983
On language and connectionism: Analysis of a parallel distributed processing model of language acquisition
Pinker, S. A., & Prince, A. (1988) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/0010-0277(88)90032-7 · Cited by 1,661
Mechanisms of Language Acquisition
MacWhinney, B. (2014) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315798721 · Cited by 1,423
Self-citation

Show all 36 references

Research works printed but not linked: 20

McDonald J. (August 1984). Semantic and syntactic processing cues used by first and second language learners of English, Dutch, and German. Doctoral dissertation, Carnegie-Mellon University.
MacWhinney, 1987, Mechanisms of language acquisition
Wulfeck, 1986, Language processing in bilinguals: Psycholinguistics and neurological perspectives
Taraban, Categorization
MacWhinney, 1982, Language acquisition: Vol. 1. Syntax and semantics
MacWhinney, 1986, Studies in cognitive science
Braine, 1987, Mechanisms of language acquisition
Maratsos, 1980, Children's language: Volume 2
MacWhinney, 1984, Child categorization
Kilborn K. (1987). Sentence processing in bilinguals. Doctoral dissertation, University of California, San Diego.
Sridhar, The cross-linguistic study of language processing
Garrett, 1980, Language Production: Vol. 1. Speech and talk
MacWhinney, 1986, The UNIBET: A proposal for phonological notation, Transcript Analysis, 3, 90
Givon, 1979, Syntax and semantics: Discourse and syntax
Macnamara, 1982, Names for things
Bates, 1987, Mechanisms of language acquisition
Bates, 1981, Annals of the New York Academy of Science Conference on Native and Foreign Language Acquisition
Klein, The cross-linguistic study of sentence processing
10.2307/413213 · DOI
Kail, The cross-linguistic study of sentence processing

Sorted by citations

Age constraints on second-language acquisition
Flege, J. E., Yeni-Komshian, G. H., & Liu, S. (1999) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1006/jmla.1999.2638 · Cited by 989
AT THE INTERFACE: DYNAMIC INTERACTIONS OF EXPLICIT AND IMPLICIT LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE
Ellis, N. C. (2005) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s027226310505014x · Cited by 893
Dynamics of Language Contact
Clyne, M. (2003) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511606526 · Cited by 859
Sequencing in SLA: Phonological Memory, Chunking, and Points of Order
Ellis, N. C. (1996) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s0272263100014698 · Cited by 837
Bilingual first-language development: Dominant language takeover, threatened minority language take-up
Gathercole, V. C. M., & THOMAS, E. M. (2009) · Bilingualism Language and Cognition · doi:10.1017/s1366728909004015 · Cited by 587
Bilingual first language acquisition at the interface between syntax and pragmatics
Hulk, A., & Müller, N. (2000) · Bilingualism Language and Cognition · doi:10.1017/s1366728900000353 · Cited by 543
Language contact outcomes as the result of bilingual optimization strategies
Muysken, P. C. (2013) · Bilingualism Language and Cognition · doi:10.1017/s1366728912000727 · Cited by 420
Dynamics of language contact English and immigrant languages
Clyne, M. (2003) · Cited by 365
Current Issues in Heritage Language Acquisition
Montrul, S. (2010) · Annual Review of Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1017/s0267190510000103 · Cited by 352
Mind and Context in Adult Second Language Acquisition: Methods, Theory, and Practice
Morgan‐Short, K., Abbuhl, R., Bowles, M. A., Stafford, C. A., Bowden, H. W., VanPatten, B., Byrnes, H., Sanz, C., Mackey, A., Ullman, M. T., et al. (2005) · Georgetown University Press eBooks · doi:10.1353/book13064 · Cited by 297
PARSING STRATEGIES IN L1 AND L2 SENTENCE PROCESSING
Papadopoulou, D., & Clahsen, H. (2003) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s0272263103000214 · Cited by 289
THE ACQUISITION OF CASE MARKING BY ADULT LEARNERS OF RUSSIAN AND GERMAN
Kempe, V., & MacWhinney, B. (1998) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s0272263198004045 · Cited by 249
Self-citation
Miami and North Wales, So Far and Yet So Near: A Constructivist Account of Morphosyntactic Development in Bilingual Children
Gathercole, V. C. M. (2007) · International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism · doi:10.2167/beb442.0 · Cited by 239
The Differential Role of Comprehension and Production Practice
DEKEYSER, R. M., & Sokalski, K. J. (1996) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1996.tb01354.x · Cited by 239
Statistical Measures for Usage‐Based Linguistics
Gries, S. T., & Ellis, N. C. (2015) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/lang.12119 · Cited by 224
Communicative Proficiency And Linguistic Development: intersections between SLA and language testing research
Bartning, I., Martin, M., & Vedder, I. (2011) · UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) · Cited by 194
Selectivity in L2-induced L1 attrition: a psycholinguistic account
Gürel, A. (2003) · Journal of Neurolinguistics · doi:10.1016/s0911-6044(03)00054-x · Cited by 193
Cross-linguistic psycholinguistics and its critical role in theory development: early beginnings and recent advances
Norcliffe, E., Harris, A. C., & Jaeger, T. F. (2015) · Language Cognition and Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/23273798.2015.1080373 · Cited by 173
Sentence interpretation in bilingual speakers of English and Chinese
Liu, H., Bates, E. A., & Li, P. (1992) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s0142716400005762 · Cited by 167
Transfer and Competition in Second Language Learning
MacWhinney, B. (1992) · Advances in Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0166-4115(08)61506-x · Cited by 136
Self-citation
Exploring language acquisition in children with a miniature artificial language: Effects of item and pattern frequency, arbitrary subclasses, and correction
Braine, M. D. S., Brody, R. E., Brooks, P. J., Sudhalter, V., Ross, J. A., Catalano, L., & Fisch, S. M. (1990) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/0749-596x(90)90054-4 · Cited by 111
The use of case marking for predictive processing in second language Japanese
Mitsugi, S., & MacWhinney, B. (2015) · Bilingualism Language and Cognition · doi:10.1017/s1366728914000881 · Cited by 109
Self-citation
Comprehension of competing argument marking systems in two Australian mixed languages
O’Shannessy, C., & Meakins, F. (2011) · Bilingualism Language and Cognition · doi:10.1017/s1366728911000307 · Cited by 102
What can we count in language, and what counts in language acquisition, cognition, and use?
Ellis, N. (2012) · De Gruyter eBooks · doi:10.1515/9783110274059.7 · Cited by 82
Transfer of sentence processing strategies: A comparison of L2 learners of Chinese and English
Su, I.-R. (2001) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s0142716401001059 · Cited by 94
Sentence Processing in A Second Language: The Timing of Transfer
Kilborn, K. W. (1989) · Language and Speech · doi:10.1177/002383098903200101 · Cited by 86
Transferred L1 Strategies and L2 Syntactic Structure in L2 Sentence Comprehension
Koda, K. (1993) · Modern Language Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4781.1993.tb01997.x · Cited by 77
Perspectives on Second-Language Development: Implications for Bilingual Education
Snow, C. E. (1992) · Educational Researcher · doi:10.3102/0013189x021002016 · Cited by 74
Individual differences predict ERP signatures of second language learning of novel grammatical rules
Nichols, E. S., & Joanisse, M. F. (2017) · Bilingualism Language and Cognition · doi:10.1017/s1366728917000566 · Cited by 72
Comparative aphasiology: A cross-linguistic approach to language breakdown
Bates, E. A., & Wulfeck, B. B. (1989) · Aphasiology · doi:10.1080/02687038908248981 · Cited by 69
Sources of individual differences in the acquisition of tense inflection by English second language learners with and without specific language impairment
Blom, E., & Paradis, J. (2014) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s014271641300057x · Cited by 72
Enriching Our Views of Bilingualism and Bilingual Education
Pease-Alvarez, L., & Hakuta, K. (1992) · Educational Researcher · doi:10.3102/0013189x021002004 · Cited by 66
Combining Language Corpora With Experimental and Computational Approaches for Language Acquisition Research
Padraic Monaghan, B., & Rowland, C. F. (2016) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/lang.12221 · Cited by 61
English and Japanese interlanguage comprehension strategies: An analysis based on the competition model
Sasaki, Y. (1991) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s0142716400009371 · Cited by 58
Reading-time studies of second language ambiguity resolution
Papadopoulou, D. (2005) · Second language Research · doi:10.1191/0267658305sr254oa · Cited by 53
Gender processing in native and nonnative Russian speakers
Taraban, R., & Kempe, V. (1999) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s0142716499001046 · Cited by 53
Paths of Processing Strategy Transfers in Learning Japanese and English as Foreign Languages
Sasaki, Y. (1994) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s0272263100012584 · Cited by 49
On-line Integration of Grammatical Information in a Second Language
Kilborn, K. W. (1992) · Advances in psychology · doi:10.1016/s0166-4115(08)61504-6 · Cited by 45
Second Language Processing at Different Ages: Do Younger Learners Pay More Attention to Prosodic Cues to Sentence Structure?
Harley, B., Howard, J., & Hart, D. (1995) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1995.tb00962.x · Cited by 41
Second-Language Acquisition
McLaughlin, B., & Harrington, M. (1989) · Annual Review of Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1017/s0267190500001240 · Cited by 39
Listening Strategies in ESL: Do Age and L1 Make a Difference?
Harley, B. (2000) · TESOL Quarterly · doi:10.2307/3587790 · Cited by 37
Frequency-based accounts of SLA
Ellis, N. C. (2011) · Deep Blue (University of Michigan) · Cited by 33
The Comprehension of Words and Sentences in Two Languages
Kroll, J. F., & Dussias, P. E. (2006) · doi:10.1002/9780470756997.ch7 · Cited by 34
The Differential Role of Comprehension and Production Practice
DEKEYSER, R. M., & Sokalski, K. J. (2001) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/j.1467-1770.2001.tb00015.x · Cited by 33
Multiple Constraints on Processing Ambiguous Sentences: Evidence From Adult L2 Learners
Ying, H. G. (1996) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1996.tb01356.x · Cited by 31
Production, comprehension and repetition of accusative case by monolingual Russian and bilingual Russian-Dutch and Russian-Hebrew-speaking children
Janssen, B., & Meir, N. (2018) · Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism · doi:10.1075/lab.17021.jan · Cited by 29
A Sociocognitive Model of Bilingual Development
Hamers, J. F. (2004) · Journal of Language and Social Psychology · doi:10.1177/0261927x03261615 · Cited by 29
Effects of Availability, Contingency, and Formulaicity on the Accuracy of English Grammatical Morphemes in Second Language Writing
Murakami, A., & Ellis, N. C. (2022) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/lang.12500 · Cited by 26
Language Universals and Second‐Language Acquisition*
Gass, S. M. (1989) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1989.tb00901.x · Cited by 26
Processing Strategies in L2 Learners of French: The Role of Transfer
Heilenman, L. K., & McDonald, J. L. (1993) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1993.tb00626.x · Cited by 25
Segmentation: Learning How to ‘Hear Words’ in the L2 Speech Stream
Carroll, S. E. (2004) · Transactions of the Philological Society · doi:10.1111/j.0079-1636.2004.00136.x · Cited by 25
Effects of morphosyntactic gender features in bilingual language processing*,**
Scheutz, M. J., & Eberhard, K. M. (2004) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1207/s15516709cog2804_3 · Cited by 25
Processing strategies used by Basque-French bilingual and Basque monolingual children for the production of the subject-agent in Basque
Duguine, I., & Köpke, B. (2018) · Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism · doi:10.1075/lab.16047.dug · Cited by 24
L1 AND L2 WORD RECOGNITION IN FINNISH
Vainio, S. J., Pajunen, A., & Hyönä, J. (2013) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s0272263113000478 · Cited by 22
Incremental comprehension of Japanese passives: Evidence from the visual-world paradigm
Mitsugi, S. (2017) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s0142716416000515 · Cited by 20
Effects of antecedent order and semantic context on Chinese pronoun resolution
Chen, H.-C., Cheung, H., Tang, S. L., & Wong, Y. T. (2000) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03198558 · Cited by 19
Evaluating Foreign Language Tutoring Systems
MacWhinney, B. (2018) · doi:10.1184/r1/6614699 · Cited by 18
Self-citation
Input and SLA: Adults’ Sensitivity to Different Sorts of Cues to French Gender
Carroll, S. E. (2005) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/j.0023-8333.2005.00296.x · Cited by 18
Cross-linguistic Variation in Sentence Processing
(2006) · Studies in theoretical psycholinguistics · doi:10.1007/1-4020-4690-1 · Cited by 17
Identifying agents of change: Simplification of possessive marking in Abui-Malay bilinguals
Saad, G., Klamer, M. A. F., & Moro, F. R. (2019) · Glossa a journal of general linguistics · doi:10.5334/gjgl.846 · Cited by 17
The Dynamic Assessment of Narratives: A Bilingual Study
Fiestas, C. E., & Peña, E. D. (2018) · Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology · doi:10.1891/1945-8959.17.1.97 · Cited by 16
Language Usage and Second Language Morphosyntax: Effects of Availability, Reliability, and Formulaicity
Guo, R., & Ellis, N. C. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.582259 · Cited by 12
Adult ESL Oral Reading Fluency and Silent Reading Comprehension
Lems, K. (2003) · Digital Commons at National Lewis University (National Lewis University) · Cited by 11
Acquiring Linguistic Cues To Identity AGENT: Evidence from Children Learning Japanese as a Second Language.
Rounds, P. L., & Kanagy, R. (1998) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · Cited by 10
Learning two syntactic constructions simultaneously: a case of overshadowing
Hou, X. (2021) · Language and Cognition · doi:10.1017/langcog.2021.10 · Cited by 10
Modeling Dimensionality of Bilingual Kindergarteners' Language Knowledge in Spanish and English
Pratt, A., Durant, K., Peña, E. D., & Bedore, L. M. (2024) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2024_jslhr-22-00140 · Cited by 9
Assigning linguistic roles: Sentence interpretation in normal and aphasic Kannada-English bilinguals
Vaid, J., & Chengappa, S. K. (1988) · Journal of Neurolinguistics · doi:10.1016/0911-6044(88)90013-9 · Cited by 9
The Weaker Language in Simultaneous Bilingualism: Why it is not like L2
Döpke, S. (1996) · Cited by 8
The Roles of First Language and Proficiency in L2 Processing of Spanish Clitics: Global Effects
Hanson, A. E. S., & Carlson, M. T. (2014) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/lang.12050 · Cited by 8
Second Language Acquisition
Cook, V. (2017) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119072256.ch27 · Cited by 9
Effects of Lexical Frequency in Predictive Processing: Higher Frequency Boosts First Language Speed and Facilitates Second Language Prediction
Hwang, H., & Kim, K. (2025) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/lang.12718 · Cited by 9
Second Language Acquisition: A Sociocognitive Perspective
Fahim, M. I. A. U.-S. A. R. B., & Mehrgan, K. I. A. U. (2012) · Cited by 7
THE ROLE OF MORPHOLOGICAL AWARENESS IN BILINGUAL CHILDREN'S FIRST AND SECOND LANGUAGE VOCABULARY AND READING
Gómez, G. E. R. (2009) · TSpace (University of Toronto) · Cited by 7
Sentence comprehension in heritage language: Isomorphism, word order, and language transfer
Chrabaszcz, A. V., Onischik, E., & Dragoy, O. (2021) · Second language Research · doi:10.1177/0267658321997900 · Cited by 5
Looks at what isn't there: eye movements on a blank screen when processing negation in a first and a second language
Vanek, N., Matić, A., Košutar, S., Matějka, Š., & Stone, K. (2024) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2024.1457038 · Cited by 5
Reanalyzing language expectations: Native language knowledge modulates the sensitivity to intervening cues during anticipatory processing
Giannelli, F., & Molinaro, N. (2018) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.13196 · Cited by 4
How well is computer‐processed speech understood?: a cross‐linguistic and cross‐dialectal analysis
Mack, M. (1992) · World Englishes · doi:10.1111/j.1467-971x.1992.tb00073.x · Cited by 5
The psycholinguistics of the interaction approach
Ellis, N. C. (2008) · doi:10.4324/9780203880852-5 · Cited by 5
The Role of Paradigm Formation in Lexical Acquisition: Towards a Unified Account of Overgeneralization and Transfer Effects
Tamburelli, M. (2008) · Language Acquisition · doi:10.1080/10489220802168842 · Cited by 4
A preliminary investigation into the application of processing instruction as therapy for aphasia in Spanish speakers
Santamaria, K. D., Muñoz, M. L., Atkins, J. L., Hobbs, D. R., & O’Donald, K. (2013) · Journal of Communication Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jcomdis.2013.07.001 · Cited by 4
Acquisition de la liaison et de l'enchaînement en français L2 : le rôle de la fréquence
de Moras, & Odette, N. (2011) · Cited by 4
DIFFERENTIATING BETWEEN AUTOMATIC AND STRATEGIC CONTROL PROCESSES: TOWARD A MODEL OF COGNITIVE MOBILIZATION IN BILINGUAL READING
Cheung, H., & Lin, A. M. Y. (2005) · PSYCHOLOGIA · doi:10.2117/psysoc.2005.39 · Cited by 4
Bilingualism, feedback, cognitive capacity, and learning strategies in L3 development
Lin, H. (2009) · ProQuest Demo Repository · Cited by 4
The acquisition of L3 variation among early bilinguals
Park, M., & Starr, R. L. (2019) · Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism · doi:10.1075/lab.17066.par · Cited by 3
The influence of proficiency and age of acquisition on second language processing: An fMRI study of Mandarin-English bilinguals
Nichols, E. S. (2013) · Scholarship@Western (Western University) · Cited by 2
The Competition Model and UG
MacWhinney, B., & Bates, E. A. (2018) · KiltHub Repository · doi:10.1184/r1/6618452 · Cited by 2
Self-citation
SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNERS' USE OF GOOD-ENOUGH REPRESENTATION IN GRAMMATICAL PROCESSING
Hsu, D.-B. (2017) · Taiwan journal of linguistics · doi:10.6519/tjl.2017.15 · Cited by 2
Estimating Cue Strengths in Oral Production in a Japanese Learner Corpus
Tanaka, N. (2022) · Frontiers in Communication · doi:10.3389/fcomm.2022.827336 · Cited by 2
Welsh-Medium Teaching in Psychology
THOMAS, E. M. (2005) · Psychology Learning & Teaching · doi:10.2304/plat.2004.4.1.11 · Cited by 2
SLA: Models and Issues
Huebner, T. (1988) · Annual Review of Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1017/s0267190500000775 · Cited by 2
Reasuntivos y doblado del clitico: En torno a la caracterizacion del termino "Casi-Nativo"
Senn, C. R. (2009) · uO Research (University of Ottawa) · doi:10.20381/ruor-19916 · Cited by 2
Investigating prediction in L2 morpho-syntax: A visual world study
Liburd, T. L. (2014) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh) · Cited by 2
Sentence Production in Standard Indonesian Agrammatism
Jap, B. A. J., & Bastiaanse, R. (2025) · Journal of Psycholinguistic Research · doi:10.1007/s10936-025-10165-1 · Cited by 1
Iconicity does not always facilitate complex sentence comprehension: Behavioral and pupillometric evidence from Mandarin–English bilingual adults
Zhang, S., Ferry, A. L., Brandt, S., Warren, E., & Theakston, A. (2026) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s014271642610085x · Cited by 1
The competition model: From language processing to pedagogical implications
Ghaemi, F., & Haghani, M. (2011) · Journal of Languages and Culture · doi:10.5897/jlc11.064 · Cited by 1
A review of the theories of lexical access and storage in bilinguals
Ferrer-Xipell, R. (2019) · Revista de Logopedia Foniatría y Audiología · doi:10.1016/j.rlfa.2019.07.003 · Cited by 1
Processing strategies used by Basque-French bilingual and Basque monolingual children for the production of the subject-agent in Basque
Duguine, I., & Köpke, B. (2021) · Benjamins current topics · doi:10.1075/bct.117.02dug · Cited by 1
Cross-linguistic influence in the acquisition of L3 variation
Park, M. (2022) · Studies in language variation · doi:10.1075/silv.28.04par · Cited by 1
Grammatical gender in spoken word recognition in school-age Spanish monolingual and Spanish–English bilingual children
Baron, A., Connell, K., Kleinman, D., Bedore, L. M., & Griffin, Z. M. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1295379 · Cited by 1
Dynamics of transversion
Clyne, M. (2003) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511606526.006 · Cited by 1

Authors: Macwhinney, B.
Affiliations: Carnegie Mellon University (US)
Corresponding author: Macwhinney, Brian
ORCID: Macwhinney, Brian
Venue: Applied Psycholinguistics
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published: 1987-12
Volume: 8
Issue: 4
Pages: 315-327
ISSN: 0142-7164 (ISSN-L)
1469-1817
DOI: 10.1017/s0142716400000357
OpenAlex: W1970798168
Cited by: 142
References: 36
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 2
FWCI: 1.77
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified, 8403 d)
Locations: Applied Psycholinguistics (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Phonetics and Phonology Research
Keywords: bilingual sentence processing, competition model, language transfer, first language influence, second language comprehension, foreign accent, bilingualism

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Applying the Competition Model to bilingualism

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks