Cited by 318Viral Infections and Immunology ResearchViral gastroenteritis research and epidemiologyVaccine Coverage and Hesitancy

Role of environmental poliovirus surveillance in global polio eradication and beyond

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HOVI, T., SHULMAN, L. M., VAN DER AVOORT, H., DESHPANDE, J., ROIVAINEN, M., DE GOURVILLE, E. M.·2012·Epidemiology and Infection

Abstract

SUMMARY: Environmental poliovirus surveillance (ENV) means monitoring of poliovirus (PV) transmission in human populations by examining environmental specimens supposedly contaminated by human faeces. The rationale is based on the fact that PV-infected individuals, whether presenting with disease symptoms or not, shed large amounts of PV in the faeces for several weeks. As the morbidity:infection ratio of PV infection is very low, this fact contributes to the sensitivity of ENV which under optimal conditions can be better than that of the standard acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance. The World Health Organization has included ENV in the new Strategic Plan of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative for years 2010–2012 to be increasingly used in PV surveillance, supplementing AFP surveillance. In this paper we review the feasibility of using ENV to monitor wild PV and vaccine-derived PV circulation in human populations, based on global experiences in defined epidemiological situations.

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  • In all countries using environmental surveillance, both wild and vaccine-derived poliovirus isolates are recovered from sewage after concentration of grab samples by two-phase or precipitation methods and isolation on permissive cells.

    “In all countries that use ES, both WPV and VDPV isolates are detected from environmental sewage sampling after concentration of so-called grabbed samples, using either the 2-phase method (in Pakistan, Egypt, and Nigeria) or the precipitation method (in India), and virus isolation on permissive cells [1].”

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Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Anon. CDC Update on vaccine-derived polioviruses - worldwide, January 2008-June 2009. Mobridity and Mortality Weekly Report 2009; 58 : 1002-1006.
  2. World Health Organization. Global detection of wid and vaccine-derived polioviruses, January 2008-June 2009. Weekly Epidemiological Records 2009; 36 : 366-371.
  3. Gumede N, et al. Identification of vaccine-derived polio- viruses (VDPVS) in the DRC from 2005 to 2010. Com- municable Diseases Surveillance Bulletin 2010; 8 : 43-45.
  4. Bundesamt fur Gesundheit. Communicable diseases. European Region of World Health Organization free of wild virus-induced poliomyelitis for five years [in German]. Bulletin BAG 2007; 46 : 824-826.

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Authors
HOVI, T., SHULMAN, L. M., VAN DER AVOORT, H., DESHPANDE, J., ROIVAINEN, M., & DE GOURVILLE, E. M.
Affiliations
  • Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (FI)
  • Sheba Medical Center (IL)
Corresponding author
HOVI, T.
Venue
Epidemiology and Infection
Published
2011-08-18
Volume
140
Issue
1
Pages
1-13
ISSN
  • 0950-2688 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-4409
OpenAlex
W2115478866
Cited by
318
References
43
Citations by year
2026: 28 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 8
FWCI
2.57
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Epidemiology and Infection (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • reroDoc Digital Library (submittedVersion)
  • Rivm Repository (Netherlands National Institute for Public Health and the Environment) (submittedVersion)
  • STM:n Hallinnonalan avoin julkaisuarkisto (Julkari) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Terveyden ja hyvinvoinnin laitos
  • Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Viral Infections and Immunology Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
  • Social Sciences › Health › Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
Keywords
poliovirus, wild poliovirus, vaccine-derived poliovirus, acute flaccid paralysis surveillance, fecal contamination, surveillance sensitivity
MeSH terms
Environmental Monitoring, Humans, Poliomyelitis, Population Surveillance, Sewage, Global Health, Poliovirus, Poliovirus Vaccines, Disease Eradication, Epidemiological Monitoring

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