Cited by 182Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive PhysiologyAnimal Nutrition and PhysiologyAnaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production

The use of direct-fed microbials for mitigation of ruminant methane emissions: a review

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Jeyanathan, J., Martin, C., Morgavi, D.P.·2014·animal

Abstract

Concerns about the environmental effect and the economic burden of methane (CH4) emissions from ruminants are driving the search for ways to mitigate rumen methanogenesis. The use of direct-fed microbials (DFM) is one possible option to decrease CH4 emission from ruminants. Direct-fed microbials are already used in ruminants mainly to increase productivity and to improve health, and are readily accepted by producers and consumers alike. However, studies on the use of DFM as rumen CH4 mitigants are scarce. A few studies using Saccharomyces cerevisiae have shown a CH4-decreasing effect but, to date, there has not been a systematic exploration of DFM as modulators of rumen methanogenesis. In this review, we explored biochemical pathways competing with methanogenesis that, potentially, could be modulated by the use of DFM. Pathways involving the redirection of H2 away from methanogenesis and pathways producing less H2 during feed fermentation are the preferred options. Propionate formation is an example of the latter option that in addition to decrease CH4 formation increases the retention of energy from the diet. Homoacetogenesis is a pathway using H2 to produce acetate, however up to now no acetogen has been shown to efficiently compete with methanogens in the rumen. Nitrate and sulphate reduction are pathways competing with methanogenesis, but the availability of these substances in the rumen is limited. Although there were studies using nitrate and sulphate as chemical additives, use of DFM for improving these processes and decrease the accumulation of toxic metabolites needs to be explored more. There are some other pathways such as methanotrophy and capnophily or modes of action such as inhibition of methanogens that theoretically could be provided by DFM and affect methanogenesis. We conclude that DFM is a promising alternative for rumen methane mitigation that should be further explored for their practical usage.

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  1. Asanuma N, Yoshii T and Hino T 2003. Isolation of new nitrite-reducing bacteria, and augmentation of nitrite reduction in the rumen by introducing one of the isolated bacteria. Bulletin of the Faculty of Agriculture-Meiji University 137, 1-17.

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Authors
Jeyanathan, J., Martin, C., & Morgavi, D. P.
Affiliations
VetAgro Sup (FR)
Corresponding author
Jeyanathan, J.
Venue
animal
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014
Volume
8
Issue
2
Pages
250-261
ISSN
1751-7311 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2147106437
Cited by
182
References
122
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 6
FWCI
16.26
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • animal (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Danone
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production
Keywords
direct-fed microbials, ruminant methane emissions, rumen methanogenesis, methane mitigation, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, hydrogen scavenging, homoacetogenesis, nitrate reduction, sulfate reduction, methanotrophy, methanogen inhibition, feed fermentation, energy retention
MeSH terms
Animals, Bacteria, Digestion, Methane, Models, Biological, Propionates, Ruminants, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Succinic Acid, Probiotics, Biosynthetic Pathways, Global Warming

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