Cited by 347Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive PhysiologyAnimal Nutrition and PhysiologyAnaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production

Mode of action of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a feed additive for ruminants

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Newbold, C. J., Wallace, R. J., Mcintosh, F. M.·1996·British Journal Of Nutrition

Abstract

Two suggested modes of action of yeast in stimulating rumen fermentation were investigated. The first, that yeast respiratory activity protects anaerobic rumen bacteria from damage by O2, was tested using different strains of yeast that had previously been shown to have differing abilities to increase the viable count of rumen bacteria. Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCYC 240, NCYC 1026, and the commercial product Yea-Sacc, added to rumen fluid in vitro at 1.3 mg/ml, increased the rate of O2 disappearance by between 46 and 89%. The same three preparations also stimulated bacterial numbers in an in vitro fermenter (Rusitec). S. cerevisiae NCYC 694 and NCYC 1088, which had no influence on the viable count in Rusitec, also had no effect on O2 uptake. Respiration-deficient (RD) mutants of S. cerevisiae NCYC 240 and NCYC 1026 were enriched by repeated culturing in the presence of ethidium bromide. S. cerevisiae NCYC 240 and NCYC 1026 stimulated the total and cellulolytic bacterial populations in Rusitec, while the corresponding RD mutants did not. Rigorous precautions to exclude air from Rusitec resulted in S. cerevisiae NCYC 240 no longer stimulating total bacterial numbers, although it still increased numbers of cellulolytic bacteria. The second hypothesis, that yeast provides malic and other dicarboxylic acids which stimulate the growth of some rumen bacteria, was examined by comparing the effects of yeast and malic acid on rumen fermentation in sheep. Three mature sheep were given 0.85 kg barley/d plus 0.55 kg chopped ryegrass hay/d either unsupplemented, or supplemented with 4 g S. cerevisiae NCYC 240/d or 100 mg L-malic acid/d either mixed with the diet or in aqueous solution infused continuously into the rumen. Yeast increased the total viable count of bacteria (P < 0.05) whereas malic acid did not, and no other effect of the treatments reached statistical significance. It was concluded, therefore, that the stimulation of rumen bacteria by S. cerevisiae is at least partly dependent on its respiratory activity, and is not mediated by malic acid.

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  1. Arambel, M. J. & Tung, R. S. (1987). Evaluation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae growth in the rumen ecosystem. Proceedings of 19th Biennial Conference on Rumen Function, Chicago, p. 29 Abstr.
  2. Dawson, K. A. (1993). Current and future role of yeast culture in animal production: a review of research over the last six years. In Biotechnology in the Feed Industry, pp. 269-291 [
  3. Ellis, J. E., Williams, A. G. &Lloyd, D. (1989). Oxygen consumption by ruminal micro-organisms: protozoal and Genstat 5 Committee (1987). Genstat 5 Users' Manual. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  4. D. Degn, editor]. Dordrecht : Reidel Publishing Company. Thesis, University of Aberdeen. for viable yeast cells. Animal Production 54, 504 Abstr. bacterial contributions. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 55, 2538-2587.
  5. Snedecor, G. N. & Cochran, G. C. (1976). Statistical Methods. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press.
  6. Whitehead, R., Cooke, G. H. & Chapman, B. T. (1967). Problems associated with the continuous monitoring of Hobson, editor]. London: Elsevier. of General Microbiology 131, 427-435.

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Authors
Newbold, C. J., Wallace, R. J., & Mcintosh, F. M.
Venue
British Journal Of Nutrition
Published
1996-08
Volume
76
Issue
2
Pages
249-261
ISSN
  • 0007-1145 (ISSN-L)
  • 1475-2662
OpenAlex
W2125881936
Cited by
347
References
43
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 10
FWCI
7.84
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • British Journal Of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production
Keywords
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast feed additives, ruminants, rumen fermentation, rumen bacteria, yeast respiration, oxygen scavenging, malic acid, sheep, barley, ryegrass hay, respiration-deficient mutants
MeSH terms
Animals, Bacteria, Fermentation, Food Additives, Malates, Oxygen, Rumen, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Sheep

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