Cited by 97Schizophrenia research and treatmentMental Health and PsychiatryOptimism, Hope, and Well-being

Insight, positive and negative symptoms, hope, depression and self-stigma: a comprehensive model of mutual influences in schizophrenia spectrum disorders

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Schrank, B., Amering, M., Hay, A. Grant, Weber, M., Sibitz, I.·2014·Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences

Abstract

Aims.: Insight, positive and negative symptoms, hope, depression and self-stigma are relevant variables in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. So far, research on their mutual influences has been patchy. This study simultaneously tests the associations between these variables. Methods.: A total of 284 people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders were assessed using the Schedule for the Assessment of Insight, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Integrative Hope Scale, Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale and Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness scale. Path analysis was applied to test the hypothesized relationships between the variables. Results.: Model support was excellent. Strong and mutual causal influences were confirmed between hope, depression and self-stigma. The model supported the assumption that insight diminishes hope and increases depression and self-stigma. While negative symptoms directly affected these three variables, reducing hope and increasing depression and self-stigma, positive symptoms did not. However, positive symptoms diminished self-stigma on a pathway via insight. Conclusions.: This study provides a comprehensive synopsis of the relationships between six variables relevant for schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Research implications include the need to investigate determinants of consequences of insight, and the sequence of influences exerted by positive and negative symptoms. Clinical implications include the importance of interventions against self-stigma and of taking a contextualized approach to insight.

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  1. Chakraborty K, Basu B (2010). Insight in schizophrenia -a comprehensive update. German Journal of Psychiatry 13, 17-30.

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Authors
Schrank, B., Amering, M., Hay, A. G., Weber, M., & Sibitz, I.
Affiliations
  • King's College London (GB)
  • Medical University of Vienna (AT)
Corresponding author
Schrank, B.
Venue
Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences
Published
2013-07-24
Volume
23
Issue
3
Pages
271-279
ISSN
  • 2045-7960 (ISSN-L)
  • 2045-7979
OpenAlex
W2096684528
Cited by
97
References
46
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1
FWCI
4.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Optimism, Hope, and Well-being
Keywords
schizophrenia spectrum disorders, insight, positive symptoms, negative symptoms, hope, depression, self-stigma, reciprocal effects, causal pathways

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