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Synthesis of Mo4VAlC4 MAX Phase and Two-Dimensional Mo4VC4 MXene with Five Atomic Layers of Transition Metals
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MXenes are a family of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides with a general formula of M n +1 X n T x, in which two, three, or four atomic layers of a transition metal (M: Ti, Nb, V, Cr, Mo, Ta, etc.) are interleaved with layers of C and/or N (shown as X), and T x represents surface termination groups such as −OH, ═O, and −F. Here, we report the scalable synthesis and characterization of a MXene with five atomic layers of transition metals (Mo 4 VC 4 T x ), by synthesizing its Mo 4 VAlC 4 MAX phase precursor that contains no other MAX phase impurities. These phases display twinning at their central M layers which is not present in any other known MAX phases or MXenes. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to examine the structure of both phases. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to study the composition of these materials. Density functional theory calculations indicate that other five transition metal-layer MAX phases (M′ 4 M″AlC 4 ) may be possible, where M′ and M″ are two different transition metals. The predicted existence of additional Al-containing MAX phases suggests that more M 5 C 4 T x MXenes can be synthesized. Additionally, we characterized the optical, electronic, and thermal properties of Mo 4 VC 4 T x . This study demonstrates the existence of an additional subfamily of M 5 X 4 T x MXenes as well as a twinned structure, allowing for a wider range of 2D structures and compositions for more control over properties, which could lead to many different applications.
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Deysher, G., Shuck, C. E., Hantanasirisakul, K., Frey, N. C., Foucher, A. C., Maleski, K., Sarycheva, A., Shenoy, V. B., Stach, E. A., Anasori, B., & Gogotsi, Y.
- Venue
- ACS Nano
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2019-12-05
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 204-217
- ISSN
- 1936-0851 (ISSN-L)
- 1936-086X
- OpenAlex
- W2993592145
- Cited by
- 720
- References
- 63
- FWCI
- 22.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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