Structural Changes Accompanying Intramolecular Electron Transfer: Focus on Twisted Intramolecular Charge-Transfer States and Structures

Grabowski, Zbigniew R.; Rotkiewicz, Krystyna; Rettig, Wolfgang

doi:10.1021/cr940745l

Cited by 3,714Photochemistry and Electron Transfer StudiesSpectroscopy and Quantum Chemical StudiesChemical Reactions and Mechanisms

Structural Changes Accompanying Intramolecular Electron Transfer: Focus on Twisted Intramolecular Charge-Transfer States and Structures

Grabowski, Zbigniew R., Rotkiewicz, Krystyna, Rettig, Wolfgang·2003·Chemical Reviews

DOI 10.1021/cr940745l

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ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructural Changes Accompanying Intramolecular Electron Transfer: Focus on Twisted Intramolecular Charge-Transfer States and StructuresZbigniew R. Grabowski, Krystyna Rotkiewicz, and Wolfgang RettigView Author Information Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland, and Institute of Chemistry, Akademia Świȩtokrzyska, Chȩcińska 5, 25-020 Kielce, Poland Institute of Chemistry, Humboldt University, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2003, 103, 10, 3899–4032Publication Date (Web):September 17, 2003Publication History Received20 June 2001Published online17 September 2003Published inissue 1 October 2003https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr940745lhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr940745lresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2003 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views35683Altmetric-Citations3094LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Fluorescence,Molecules,Polarity,Reaction products,Solvents Get e-Alerts

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Because of the vulnerability of the TICT state to various quenching processes and nonradiative relaxation pathways, the emission intensity can be weakened.
“In addition, because of the vulnerability of the TICT state to various quenching processes and nonradiative relaxation pathways, the emission intensity can be weakened.”
From The Pursuit of Shortwave Infrared-Emitting Nanoparticles with Bright Fluorescence through Molecular Design and Excited-State Engineering of Molecular Aggregates (2022) · cites this paper as [149]
TICT is an electron-transfer process that occurs upon photoexcitation in molecules that usually consist of donor (D) and acceptor (A) moieties linked by a single bond.
“Twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) is an electron-transfer process that occurs upon photoexcitation in molecules that usually consist of donor (D) and acceptor (A) moieties linked by a single bond.149”
From The Pursuit of Shortwave Infrared-Emitting Nanoparticles with Bright Fluorescence through Molecular Design and Excited-State Engineering of Molecular Aggregates (2022) · cites this paper as [149]
Upon photoexcitation in a nonpolar solvent, the locally excited ICT state of the D-A molecule is in equilibrium with solvent molecules, and its quasi-planar conformation stabilized by electronic conjugation leads to a sharp emission spectrum.
“Upon photoexcitation in a nonpolar solvent, the locally excited ICT state of the D-A molecule is in equilibrium with solvent molecules, and its quasi-planar conformation stabilized by electronic conjugation leads to a sharp emission spectrum.”
From The Pursuit of Shortwave Infrared-Emitting Nanoparticles with Bright Fluorescence through Molecular Design and Excited-State Engineering of Molecular Aggregates (2022) · cites this paper as [149]
In a polar environment, upon photoexcitation, a fast intramolecular electron transfer from the D to the A part of the molecule accompanied by intramolecular D-A twisting around the single bond occurs, which leads to a total charge separation between the D and A units and a nearly perpendicular alignment of the D and A units.
“However, in a polar environment, upon photoexcitation, a fast intramolecular electron transfer from the D to the A part of the molecule accompanied by intramolecular D-A twisting around the single bond occurs, which leads to a total charge separation between the D and A units and a nearly perpendicular alignment of the D and A units.”
From The Pursuit of Shortwave Infrared-Emitting Nanoparticles with Bright Fluorescence through Molecular Design and Excited-State Engineering of Molecular Aggregates (2022) · cites this paper as [149]
In the new equilibrium, such a charge-separated twisted molecular conformation is stabilized by the polar solvent.
“In the new equilibrium, such a charge-separated twisted molecular conformation is stabilized by the polar solvent.”
From The Pursuit of Shortwave Infrared-Emitting Nanoparticles with Bright Fluorescence through Molecular Design and Excited-State Engineering of Molecular Aggregates (2022) · cites this paper as [149]

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Authors: Grabowski, Z. R., Rotkiewicz, K., & Rettig, W.
Affiliations: Jan Kochanowski University (PL)
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (DE)
Corresponding author: Rettig, Wolfgang
ORCID: Grabowski, Zbigniew R.
Venue: Chemical Reviews
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published: 2003-09-17
Volume: 103
Issue: 10
Pages: 3899-4032
ISSN: 0009-2665 (ISSN-L)
1520-6890
DOI: 10.1021/cr940745l
OpenAlex: W2168036745
Cited by: 3,714
References: 669
Citations by year: 2026: 197 · 2025: 213 · 2024: 242 · 2023: 182 · 2022: 210 · 2021: 224 · 2020: 229 · 2019: 221 · 2018: 220 · 2017: 202 · 2016: 211 · 2015: 178 · 2014: 157 · 2013: 145 · 2012: 144
FWCI: 3.31
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Chemical Reviews (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Physical and Theoretical Chemistry › Photochemistry and Electron Transfer Studies
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies
Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Physical and Theoretical Chemistry › Chemical Reactions and Mechanisms
Keywords: charge-transfer states, structural change, fluorescence, molecular polarity, solvent effects, reaction products
MeSH terms: Chemistry, Physical, Electron Transport, Energy Transfer, Free Radicals, Hydrocarbons, Aromatic, Kinetics, Molecular Conformation, Oxidation-Reduction, Spectrometry, Fluorescence, Molecular Structure, Chemical Phenomena

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Structural Changes Accompanying Intramolecular Electron Transfer: Focus on Twisted Intramolecular Charge-Transfer States and Structures

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