The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Generalized Two-Dimensional Perturbation Correlation Infrared Spectroscopy Reveals Mechanisms for the Development of Surface Charge and Recalcitrance in Plant-Derived Biochars
Abstract
Fundamental knowledge of how biochars develop surface-charge and resistance to environmental degradation is crucial to their production for customized applications or understanding their functions in the environment. Two-dimensional perturbation-based correlation infrared spectroscopy (2D-PCIS) was used to study the biochar formation process in three taxonomically different plant biomass, under oxygen-limited conditions along a heat-treatment-temperature gradient (HTT; 200-650 °C). Results from 2D-PCIS pointed to the systematic, HTT-induced defragmenting of lignocellulose H-bonding network and demethylenation/demethylation, oxidation, or dehydroxylation/dehydrogenation of lignocellulose fragments as the primary reactions controlling biochar properties along the HTT gradient. The cleavage of OH(...)O-type H-bonds, oxidation of free primary hydroxyls to carboxyls (carboxylation; HTT ≤ 500 °C), and their subsequent dehydrogenation/dehydroxylation (HTT > 500 °C) controlled surface charge on the biochars; while the dehydrogenation of methylene groups, which yielded increasingly condensed structures (R-CH(2)-R →R═CH-R →R═C═R), controlled biochar recalcitrance. Variations in biochar properties across plant biomass type were attributable to taxa-specific transformations. For example, apparent inefficiencies in the cleavage of wood-specific H-bonds, and their subsequent oxidation to carboxyls, lead to lower surface charge in wood biochars (compared to grass biochars). Both nontaxa and taxa-specific transformations highlighted by 2D-PCIS could have significant implications for biochar functioning in fire-impacted or biochar-amended systems.
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Cites
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Cited by
Heterogeneity of biochar properties as a function of feedstock sources and production temperatures
Zhao, L., Cao, X., Mašek, O., & Zimmerman, A. (2013) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.04.015 · Cited by 933
Xiao, X., Chen, B., Chen, Z., Zhu, L., & Schnoor, J. L. (2018) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b06487 · Cited by 914
Physical and chemical characterization of biochars derived from different agricultural residues
Jindo, K., Mizumoto, H., Sawada, Y., Sanchez-Monedero, M. A., & Sonoki, T. (2014) · Biogeosciences · doi:10.5194/bg-11-6613-2014 · Cited by 822
Effects of biochar on soil available inorganic nitrogen: a review and meta-analysis
Nguyen, T. T. N., Xu, C.-Y., Tahmasbian, I., Che, R., Xu, Z., Zhou, X., Wallace, H. M., & Bai, S. H. (2017) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.11.004 · Cited by 715
Applications of biochar in redox-mediated reactions
Yuan, Y., Bolan, N., Prévoteau, A., Vithanage, M., Biswas, J. K., Ok, Y. S., & Wang, H. (2017) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.154 · Cited by 486
Metadata
- Authors
- Harvey, O. R., Herbert, B. E., Kuo, L.-J., & Louchouarn, P.
- Venue
- Environmental Science & Technology
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2012-09-18
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 10641-10650
- ISSN
- 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5851
- OpenAlex
- W2000337849
- Cited by
- 204
- References
- 12
- FWCI
- 5.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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