Wildfire Altering Terrestrial Precursors of Disinfection Byproducts in Forest Detritus

Wang, Jun-Jian; Dahlgren, Randy A.; Erşan, Mahmut S.; Karanfil, Tanju; Chow, Alex T.

doi:10.1021/es505836m

Cited by 134Water Treatment and DisinfectionToxic Organic Pollutants ImpactFire effects on ecosystems

Wildfire Altering Terrestrial Precursors of Disinfection Byproducts in Forest Detritus

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Wang, Jun-Jian, Dahlgren, Randy A., Erşan, Mahmut S., Karanfil, Tanju, Chow, Alex T.·2015·Environmental Science & Technology

DOI 10.1021/es505836m

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Abstract

Wildfire occurrence and intensity are increasing worldwide causing severe disturbances to forest watersheds used for potable water supply. The effects of wildfire on drinking water quality are not well understood, especially in terms of terrestrial dissolved organic matter (DOM) and DOM-associated formation of disinfection byproducts (DBP). As the forest floor layer is a major source of terrestrial DOM, we investigated characteristics and DBP formation of water extractable organic matter (WEOM) from the 0-5 cm depth of nonburned detritus (control) and burned detritus with black ash (moderate severity) and white ash (high severity) associated with the 2013 Rim Fire in California. Spectroscopic results suggested that the aromaticity of WEOM followed white ash > control > black ash and fluorescence region II (excitation 220-250 nm; emission 330-380 nm) of the emission-excitation-matrix was identified as a potential burn severity indicator. Compared to the control, WEOM from white and black ashes had lower reactivity in forming trihalomethanes (55%-of-control) and haloacetic acids (67%-of-control), but higher reactivity in forming the more carcinogenic haloacetonitrile after chlorination (244%-of-control) and N-nitrosodimethylamine after chloramination (229%-of-control). There was no change in reactivity for chloral hydrate formation, while WEOM from black ash showed a higher reactivity for haloketone formation (150%-of-control). Because wildfire consumed a large portion of organic matter from the detritus layer, there was lower water extractable organic carbon (27%-of-control) and organic nitrogen (19%-of-control) yields in ashes. Consequently, the wildfire caused an overall reduction in water extractable terrestrial DBP precursor yield from detritus materials.

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DBP formation potential from wildfire-generated DON/DOC has been found in several other experimental studies as well, including increased HAA/HAN/THM formation potential from source water collected below other fires in Colorado and exposed to chlorine; dissolved black carbon extracted from burnt leaves of several species in South Carolina; and water extracted organic matter taken from California
“DBP formation potential from wildfire-generated DON/DOC has been found in several other experimental studies as well, including increased HAA/HAN/THM formation potential from source water collected below other fires in Colorado and exposed to chlorine; dissolved black carbon extracted from burnt leaves of several species in South Carolina; and water extracted organic matter taken from California”
From Wildfire Induces Changes in Receiving Waters: A Review With Considerations for Water Quality Management (2022) · cites this paper as Wang et al., 2015
Each experimental study found both elevated carbon- and nitrogen-based DBPs.
“Each experimental study found both elevated carbon- and nitrogen-based DBPs.”
From Wildfire Induces Changes in Receiving Waters: A Review With Considerations for Water Quality Management (2022) · cites this paper as Wang et al., 2015

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Temporal variations of disinfection byproduct precursors in wildfire detritus
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Prescribed Fire Alters Dissolved Organic Matter and Disinfection By-Product Precursors in Forested Watersheds - Part I. A Controlled Laboratory Study
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Prescribed Fire Alters Dissolved Organic Matter and Disinfection By-Product Precursor in Forested Watersheds – Part II. A Controlled Field Study
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Wildfire Temperature and Oxygen Availability Alter Disinfection Byproduct Precursors in Laboratory and Weathered Forest Soils
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Lasting Effects of Wildfire on Disinfection By‐Product Formation in Forest Catchments
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Authors: Wang, J.-J., Dahlgren, R. A., Erşan, M. S., Karanfil, T., & Chow, A. T.
Affiliations: Baruch Institute of Coastal Ecology and Forest Science, Clemson University, Georgetown, South Carolina 29442, United States
University of California, Davis (US)
Clemson University (US)
Corresponding author: Chow, Alex T.
ORCID: Dahlgren, Randy A.
Erşan, Mahmut S.
Karanfil, Tanju
Chow, Alex T.
Venue: Environmental Science & Technology
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published: 2015-05-06
Volume: 49
Issue: 10
Pages: 5921-5929
ISSN: 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
1520-5851
DOI: 10.1021/es505836m
OpenAlex: W2071160033
Cited by: 134
References: 54
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3
FWCI: 4.81
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Environmental Science & Technology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Food and Agriculture (2014-67019-21615, SC1700489)
Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems (1264579)
Joint Fire Science Program (14-1-06-19)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Water Treatment and Disinfection
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Fire effects on ecosystems
Keywords: forest fires, disinfection by-products, dissolved organic matter, burn severity, water-extractable organic matter, trihalomethanes, haloacetic acids, haloacetonitriles, N-nitrosodimethylamine, chloral hydrate, haloketones, drinking water quality, fluorescence excitation-emission matrix, aromaticity
MeSH terms: Bromine, California, Carbon, Dimethylnitrosamine, Disinfection, Fires, Fluorescence, Nitrogen, Trihalomethanes, Halogenation, Water Quality, Forests

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Wildfire Altering Terrestrial Precursors of Disinfection Byproducts in Forest Detritus

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