Wildfire burn intensity affects the quantity and speciation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils.
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Wildfire-altered soil may be an important source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the environment. With projected increase of wildfire frequency and intensity due to changing global climate, understanding the quantity and speciation of PAHs, including halogenated PAHs (XPAHs), resulting from different burn intensities has important ramifications for environmental quality concerns and global soil carbon dynamics. Here, we quantified levels of 16 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulated PAHs, 3 chlorinated PAHs, and 6 brominated PAHs in nonburned forest soils and burned ash/soil samples covered with black ash (B-Ash; moderate burn intensity) or white ash (W-Ash; severe burn intensity) from the 2013 Rim Fire (1,041 km 2 ) in California. The ∑ 16 PAH concentrations follow (mean ± standard deviation; μg/kg) B-Ash (893 ± 285) > W-Ash (515 ± 333) ≈ nonburned soils (247 ± 58). Moreover, the ∑ 16 PAH profiles were altered by both moderate and severe burn conditions with the size of aromatic structures following B-Ash > W-Ash > nonburned soils. Neither chlorinated nor brominated PAH concentration was significantly elevated by moderate or severe wildfire. Overall, fire intensity is critical in regulating soil PAH concentrations and profiles. Given the high erodibility of wildfire ash, these PAHs can be easily transported to rivers and reservoirs where they could impact the aquatic food web and drinking source water.
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Fire activity is projected to increase in many locations and ecotypes as a result of climate and societal changes.
“Fire activity is projected to increase in many locations and ecotypes as a result of climate and societal changes, making the full understanding of their impacts crucial (Scholze et al. 2006;Chen et al. 2018).”
From Chemical composition of wildfire ash produced in contrasting ecosystems and its toxicity to Daphnia magna (2019) · cites this paper as Chen et al. 2018
PAHs and heavy metals present major biological concern owing to their carcinogenic potential, persistence within ecosystems and tendency to bio-accumulate.
“Both present major biological concern owing to their carcinogenic potential, persistence within ecosystems and tendency to bio-accumulate (Smith et al. 2011;Chen et al. 2018).”
From Chemical composition of wildfire ash produced in contrasting ecosystems and its toxicity to Daphnia magna (2019) · cites this paper as Chen et al. 2018
Fire dynamics (e.g. burn temperature) and soil properties are important features in the composition of elements within ash.
“Fire dynamics (e.g.burn temperature) and soil properties are also important features in the composition of elements within ash (Pitman 2006;Bodı ´et al. 2014;Chen et al. 2018).”
From Chemical composition of wildfire ash produced in contrasting ecosystems and its toxicity to Daphnia magna (2019) · cites this paper as Chen et al. 2018
The organic fraction of ash may also contain organic contaminants of biological concern.
“The organic fraction of ash may also contain organic contaminants of biological concern (Vila-Escale ´et al. 2007;Chen et al. 2018).”
From Chemical composition of wildfire ash produced in contrasting ecosystems and its toxicity to Daphnia magna (2019) · cites this paper as Chen et al. 2018
Chen et al. (2018) found that PAH concentrations were significantly higher in black wildfire ash (moderate burn severity) in comparison with white wildfire ash (high burn severity).
“Chen et al. (2018) found that PAHs concentrations were significantly higher in black wildfire ash (moderate burn severity) in comparison with white wildfire ash (high burn severity).”
From Chemical composition of wildfire ash produced in contrasting ecosystems and its toxicity to Daphnia magna (2019) · cites this paper as Chen et al. 2018
PAHs have limited solubility in water, particularly the larger-ring-size PAHs with more than three rings.
“PAHs have limited solubility in water, particularly of the larger-ring-size PAHs (.3 rings) (Chen et al. 2018).”
From Chemical composition of wildfire ash produced in contrasting ecosystems and its toxicity to Daphnia magna (2019) · cites this paper as Chen et al. 2018
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- Authors
- Chen, H., Chow, A. T., Li, X.-W., Ni, H.-G., Dahlgren, R. A., Zeng, H., & Wang, J.-J.
- Affiliations
- Clemson University (US)
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Circular Economy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Peking University (CN)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Corresponding author
- Zeng, Hui
- Venue
- ACS Earth and Space Chemistry
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2018-10-29
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1262-1270
- ISSN
- 2472-3452 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2899352065
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 2.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- escholarship.org
- Locations
- ACS Earth and Space Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Food and Agriculture (SCN-2013-02784)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (41807360)
- Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, Southern University of Science and Technology (2017B030301012)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Fire effects on ecosystems
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Environmental and Analytical Chemistry Studies
- Keywords
- forest fires, burn intensity, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, soil contamination, black ash, white ash, soil carbon dynamics, water pollution, drinking water
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