Discovery of Potent and Selective Inhibitors against Protein-Derived Electrophilic Cofactors
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Electrophilic cofactors are widely distributed in nature and play important roles in many physiological and disease processes, yet they have remained blind spots in traditional activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) approaches that target nucleophiles. More recently, reverse-polarity (RP)-ABPP using hydrazine probes identified an electrophilic N -terminal glyoxylyl (Glox) group for the first time in secernin-3 (SCRN3). The biological function(s) of both the protein and Glox as a cofactor has not yet been pharmacologically validated because of the lack of selective inhibitors that could disrupt and therefore identify its activity. Here, we present the first platform for analyzing the reactivity and selectivity of an expanded nucleophilic probe library toward main-chain carbonyl cofactors such as Glox and pyruvoyl (Pyvl) groups. We first applied the library proteome-wide to profile and confirm engagement with various electrophilic protein targets, including secernin-2 (SCRN2), shown here also to possess a Glox group. A broadly reactive indole ethylhydrazine probe was used for a competitive in vitro RP-ABPP assay to screen for selective inhibitors against such cofactors from a set of commercially available nucleophilic fragments. Using Glox-containing SCRN proteins as a case study, naphthyl hydrazine was identified as a potent and selective SCRN3 inhibitor, showing complete inhibition in cell lysates with no significant cross-reactivity detected for other enzymes. Moving forward, this platform provides the fundamental basis for the development of selective Glox inhibitors and represents a starting point to advance small molecules that modulate electrophile-dependent function.
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Hydrazine-based probes have been used to identify and characterize ligands for proteins with electrophilic cofactors or post-translational modifications.
“Hydrazine-based probes have also been used to help identify and characterize ligands for proteins with electrophilic cofactors or post-translational modifications198,199.”
From Advances in covalent drug discovery (2022) · cites this paper as [198]
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Coinage Metal-Catalyzed Divergent Heterocyclizations of Underexplored N-Propargyl Hydrazides
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- Authors
- Wang, X., Lin, Z., Bustin, K. A., McKnight, N. R., Parsons, W. H., & Matthews, M. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Oberlin College (US)
- Corresponding author
- Matthews, Megan L.
- Venue
- Journal of the American Chemical Society
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2022-03-02
- Volume
- 144
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 5377-5388
- ISSN
- 0002-7863 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5126
- PMC
- PMC10159212
- OpenAlex
- W4220852172
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 4
- FWCI
- 2.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of the American Chemical Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (1DP1DA051620)
- American Cancer Society (129784-IRG-16-188-38-IRG)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (5T32GM071339-15)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Click Chemistry and Applications
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
- Keywords
- selective inhibitors
- MeSH terms
- Hydrazines, Proteome
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