Cited by 492Metal-Catalyzed Oxygenation MechanismsBiochemical Acid Research StudiesMicrobial metabolism and enzyme function

2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Oxygenases

Islam, Md. Saiful, Leissing, Thomas M., Chowdhury, Rasheduzzaman, Hopkinson, Richard J., Schofield, Christopher J.·2018·Annual Review of Biochemistry

Abstract

2-Oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent oxygenases (2OGXs) catalyze a remarkably diverse range of oxidative reactions. In animals, these comprise hydroxylations and N-demethylations proceeding via hydroxylation; in plants and microbes, they catalyze a wider range including ring formations, rearrangements, desaturations, and halogenations. The catalytic flexibility of 2OGXs is reflected in their biological functions. After pioneering work identified the roles of 2OGXs in collagen biosynthesis, research revealed they also function in plant and animal development, transcriptional regulation, nucleic acid modification/repair, fatty acid metabolism, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis, including of medicinally important antibiotics. In plants, 2OGXs are important agrochemical targets and catalyze herbicide degradation. Human 2OGXs, particularly those regulating transcription, are current therapeutic targets for anemia and cancer. Here, we give an overview of the biochemistry of 2OGXs, providing examples linking to biological function, and outline how knowledge of their enzymology is being exploited in medicine, agrochemistry, and biocatalysis.

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Crossref · 10.1146/annurev-biochem-061516-044724

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168 of 168 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Vitamin C is the specific cofactor of 2OGO involved in cellular stress-signalling and epigenetics.

    “A relatively new discovery is the finding that vitamin C is the specific cofactor of 2OGO involved in cellular stress-signalling and epigenetics (reviewed in References [98,101,102,107,108,109]).”
  • The role of vitamin C in the 2OGO reaction cycle is not fully elucidated, but likely the most important role is to maintain the iron atom in the reduced form.

    “The role(s) of vitamin C in this reaction cycle is (are) not fully elucidated, but likely the most important role is to maintain the iron atom in the reduced form [100,101].”
  • 2OGO catalyze specific hydroxylation of substrates, which leads to demethylations via other catalytic cycles or downstream pathway involving thymine-DNA-glycosylase.

    “Generally, 2OGO catalyze specific hydroxylation of substrates, which, in turn, leads to demethylations via other catalytic cycles or downstream pathway involving thymine-DNA-glycosylase, which catalyzed base excision with DNA base excision repair [101,120].”

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Authors
Islam, M. S., Leissing, T. M., Chowdhury, R., Hopkinson, R. J., & Schofield, C. J.
Affiliations
  • University of Oxford (GB)
  • University of Leicester (GB)
Corresponding author
  • Islam, Md. Saiful
  • Leissing, Thomas M.
  • Chowdhury, Rasheduzzaman
  • Hopkinson, Richard J.
  • Schofield, Christopher J.
Venue
Annual Review of Biochemistry
Published
2018-06-20
Volume
87
Issue
1
Pages
585-620
ISSN
  • 0066-4154 (ISSN-L)
  • 1545-4509
OpenAlex
W2483061037
Cited by
472
References
168
Citations by year
2026: 39 · 2025: 58 · 2024: 76 · 2023: 54 · 2022: 57 · 2021: 70 · 2020: 53 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2
FWCI
1.57
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Annual Review of Biochemistry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Wellcome Trust
  • Cancer Research UK
  • Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/L009846/1)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Inorganic Chemistry › Metal-Catalyzed Oxygenation Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Biochemical Acid Research Studies
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Microbial metabolism and enzyme function
Keywords
2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase, hydroxylation, N-demethylation, cyclization, desaturation, halogenation, collagen synthesis, transcriptional regulation, nucleic acid modification, fatty acid metabolism, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, antibiotic biosynthesis, herbicide degradation, anemia, cancer, biocatalysis, enzyme biochemistry
MeSH terms
Animals, Collagen, Humans, Hydroxylation, Ketoglutaric Acids, Models, Biological, Models, Molecular, Oxidation-Reduction, Oxygenases, Protein Conformation, Substrate Specificity, Biocatalysis

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