The DOI matches its Crossref record; 52 of the 52 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Sheets Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition: Synthesis and Influence of Nitrogen Impurities on Carrier Transport
Open accessAbstract
A significant advance toward achieving practical applications of graphene as a two-dimensional material in nanoelectronics would be provided by successful synthesis of both n-type and p-type doped graphene. However, reliable doping and a thorough understanding of carrier transport in the presence of charged impurities governed by ionized donors or acceptors in the graphene lattice are still lacking. Here we report experimental realization of few-layer nitrogen-doped (N-doped) graphene sheets by chemical vapor deposition of organic molecule 1,3,5-triazine on Cu metal catalyst. When reducing the growth temperature, the atomic percentage of nitrogen doping is raised from 2.1% to 5.6%. With increasing doping concentration, N-doped graphene sheet exhibits a crossover from p-type to n-type behavior accompanied by a strong enhancement of electron-hole transport asymmetry, manifesting the influence of incorporated nitrogen impurities. In addition, by analyzing the data of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and electrical measurements, we show that pyridinic and pyrrolic N impurities play an important role in determining the transport behavior of carriers in our N-doped graphene sheets.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films
Novoselov, K. S., Geim, A. K., Morozov, S. V., Jiang, D., Zhang, Y., Dubonos, S. V., Grigorieva, I. V., & Firsov, A. A. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1102896 · Cited by 66,834
Geim, A. K., & Novoselov, K. S. (2007) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/nmat1849 · Cited by 39,979
The electronic properties of graphene
Castro Neto, A. H., Guinea, F., Peres, N. M. R., Novoselov, K. S., & Geim, A. K. (2009) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.81.109 · Cited by 24,803
Two-dimensional gas of massless Dirac fermions in graphene
Novoselov, K. S., Geim, A. K., Morozov, S. V., Jiang, D., Katsnelson, M. I., Grigorieva, I. V., Dubonos, S. V., & Firsov, A. A. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04233 · Cited by 21,611
Raman Spectrum of Graphene and Graphene Layers
Ferrari, A. C., Meyer, J. C., Scardaci, V., Casiraghi, C., Lazzeri, M., Mauri, F., Piscanec, S., Jiang, D., Novoselov, K. S., Roth, S., et al. (2006) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.97.187401 · Cited by 15,047
Experimental observation of the quantum Hall effect and Berry's phase in graphene
Zhang, Y., Tan, Y.-W., Stormer, H. L., & Kim, P. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04235 · Cited by 13,435
Detection of individual gas molecules adsorbed on graphene
Schedin, F., Geim, A. K., Morozov, S. V., Hill, E. W., Blake, P., Katsnelson, M. I., & Novoselov, K. S. (2007) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/nmat1967 · Cited by 8,028
Ferrari, A. C. (2007) · Solid State Communications · doi:10.1016/j.ssc.2007.03.052 · Cited by 7,606
Scaling Theory of Localization: Absence of Quantum Diffusion in Two Dimensions
Abrahams, E., Anderson, P. W., Licciardello, D. C., & Ramakrishnan, T. V. (1979) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.42.673 · Cited by 6,134
Nitrogen-Doped Graphene as Efficient Metal-Free Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction in Fuel Cells
Qu, L., Liu, Y., Baek, J.-B., & Dai, L. (2010) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn901850u · Cited by 3,948
Chiral tunnelling and the Klein paradox in graphene
Katsnelson, M. I., Novoselov, K. S., & Geim, A. K. (2006) · Nature Physics · doi:10.1038/nphys384 · Cited by 3,896
Perspectives on Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Raman Spectroscopy
Dresselhaus, M. S., Jorio, A., Hofmann, M., Dresselhaus, G., & Saito, R. (2010) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/nl904286r · Cited by 3,254
Synthesis of N-Doped Graphene by Chemical Vapor Deposition and Its Electrical Properties
Wei, D., Liu, Y., Wang, Y., Zhang, H., Huang, L., & Yu, G. (2009) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/nl803279t · Cited by 3,074
Electronic Transport Properties of Individual Chemically Reduced Graphene Oxide Sheets
Gómez-Navarro, C., Weitz, R. T., Bittner, A. M., Scolari, M., Mews, A., Burghard, M., & Kern, K. (2007) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/nl072090c · Cited by 2,389
Atomic layers of hybridized boron nitride and graphene domains
Ci, L., Song, L., Jin, C., Jariwala, D., Wu, D., Li, Y., Srivastava, A., Wang, Z. F., Storr, K., Balicas, L., et al. (2010) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/nmat2711 · Cited by 2,166
Self-citationNitrogen-Doped Graphene and Its Application in Electrochemical Biosensing
Wang, Y., Shao, Y., Matson, D. W., Li, J., & Lin, Y. (2010) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn100315s · Cited by 2,155
Simultaneous Nitrogen Doping and Reduction of Graphene Oxide
Li, X., Wang, H., Robinson, J. T., Sanchez, H., Diankov, G., & Dai, H. (2009) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja907098f · Cited by 1,801
Jeong, H. M., Lee, J. W., Shin, W. H., Choi, Y. J., Shin, H. J., Kang, J. K., & Choi, J. W. (2011) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/nl2009058 · Cited by 1,681
Synthesis Of Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Films For Lithium Battery Application
Reddy, A. L. M., Srivastava, A., Gowda, S. R., Gullapalli, H., Dubey, M., & Ajayan, P. M. (2010) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn101926g · Cited by 1,642
Observation of electron–hole puddles in graphene using a scanning single-electron transistor
Martin, J., Akerman, N., Ulbricht, G., Lohmann, T., Smet, J. H., von Klitzing, K., & Yacoby, A. (2008) · Nature Physics · doi:10.1038/nphys781 · Cited by 1,566
Charged-impurity scattering in graphene
Chen, J.-H., Jang, C., Adam, S., Fuhrer, M. S., Williams, E. D., & Ishigami, M. (2008) · Nature Physics · doi:10.1038/nphys935 · Cited by 1,477
Carrier Transport in Two-Dimensional Graphene Layers
Hwang, E. H., Adam, S., & Sarma, S. D. (2007) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.98.186806 · Cited by 1,253
A self-consistent theory for graphene transport
Adam, S., Hwang, E. H., Galitski, V. M., & Das Sarma, S. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0704772104 · Cited by 1,243
Measurement of Scattering Rate and Minimum Conductivity in Graphene
Tan, Y.-W., Zhang, Y., Bolotin, K., Zhao, Y., Adam, S., Hwang, E. H., Das Sarma, S., Stormer, H. L., & Kim, P. (2007) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.99.246803 · Cited by 1,027
Colloquium: The transport properties of graphene: An introduction
Peres, N. M. R. (2010) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.82.2673 · Cited by 1,017
Visualizing Individual Nitrogen Dopants in Monolayer Graphene
Zhao, L., He, R., Rim, K. T., Schiros, T., Kim, K. S., Zhou, H., Gutiérrez, C., Chockalingam, S. P., Arguello, C. J., Pálová, L., et al. (2011) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1208759 · Cited by 872
Controllable N-Doping of Graphene
Guo, B., Liu, Q., Chen, E., Zhu, H., Fang, L., & Gong, J. R. (2010) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/nl103079j · Cited by 854
Screening Effect and Impurity Scattering in Monolayer Graphene
Ando, T. (2006) · Journal of the Physical Society of Japan · doi:10.1143/jpsj.75.074716 · Cited by 828
Synthesis of Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene Using Embedded Carbon and Nitrogen Sources
Zhang, C., Fu, L., Liu, N., Liu, M., Wang, Y., & Liu, Z. (2011) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201004110 · Cited by 824
Nitrogen-Doped Graphene: Efficient Growth, Structure, and Electronic Properties
Usachov, D., Vilkov, O., Grüneis, A., Haberer, D., Fedorov, A., Adamchuk, V. K., Preobrajenski, A. B., Dudin, P., Barinov, A., Oehzelt, M., et al. (2011) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/nl2031037 · Cited by 764
Long, D., Li, W., Ling, L., Miyawaki, J., Mochida, I., & Yoon, S.-H. (2010) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/la102425a · Cited by 729
Quantum Transport of Massless Dirac Fermions
Nomura, K., & MacDonald, A. H. (2007) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.98.076602 · Cited by 667
Charge Carriers in Few-Layer Graphene Films
Latil, S., & Henrard, L. (2006) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.97.036803 · Cited by 645
Large-Scale Growth and Characterizations of Nitrogen-Doped Monolayer Graphene Sheets
Jin, Z., Yao, J., Kittrell, C., & Tour, J. M. (2011) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn200766e · Cited by 642
Tunable metal–insulator transition in double-layer graphene heterostructures
Ponomarenko, L. A., Geim, A. K., Zhukov, A. A., Jalil, R., Morozov, S. V., Novoselov, K. S., Grigorieva, I. V., Hill, E. H., Cheianov, V. V., Fal’ko, V. I., et al. (2011) · Nature Physics · doi:10.1038/nphys2114 · Cited by 551
Connecting Dopant Bond Type with Electronic Structure in N-Doped Graphene
Schiros, T., Nordlund, D., Pálová, L., Prezzi, D., Zhao, L., Kim, K. S., Wurstbauer, U., Gutiérrez, C., Delongchamp, D., Jaye, C., et al. (2012) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/nl301409h · Cited by 540
Charge Transport in Chemically Doped 2D Graphene
Lherbier, A., Blase, X., Niquet, Y.-M., Triozon, F., & Roche, S. (2008) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.101.036808 · Cited by 525
Transition between Electron Localization and Antilocalization in Graphene
Tikhonenko, F. V., Kozikov, A. A., Savchenko, A. K., & Gorbachev, R. V. (2009) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.103.226801 · Cited by 399
Latil, S., Meunier, V., & Henrard, L. (2007) · Physical Review B · doi:10.1103/physrevb.76.201402 · Cited by 324
Mak, K. F., Shan, J., & Heinz, T. F. (2010) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.104.176404 · Cited by 315
Xue, Y., Wu, B., Jiang, L., Guo, Y., Huang, L., Chen, J., Tan, J., Geng, D., Luo, B., Hu, W., et al. (2012) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja302483t · Cited by 314
Opening an Electrical Band Gap of Bilayer Graphene with Molecular Doping
Zhang, W., Lin, C.-T., Liu, K.-K., Tite, T., Su, C.-Y., Chang, C.-H., Lee, Y.-H., Chu, C.-W., Wei, K.-H., Kuo, J.-L., et al. (2011) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn202463g · Cited by 250
Self-citationAdsorption of ammonia on graphene
Romero, H. E., Joshi, P., Gupta, A. K., Gutierrez, H. R., Cole, M. W., Tadigadapa, S. A., & Eklund, P. C. (2009) · Nanotechnology · doi:10.1088/0957-4484/20/24/245501 · Cited by 199
Transport in chemically doped graphene in the presence of adsorbed molecules
Hwang, E. H., Adam, S., & Das Sarma, S. (2007) · Physical Review B · doi:10.1103/physrevb.76.195421 · Cited by 192
Transport properties of graphene containing structural defects
Lherbier, A., Dubois, S. M. ‐., Declerck, X., et al. (2012) · Physical Review B · doi:10.1103/physrevb.86.075402 · Cited by 187
Electrical and thermal conductivity of low temperature CVD graphene: the effect of disorder
Vlassiouk, I., Smirnov, S. N., Ivanov, I. N., Fulvio, P. F., Dai, S., Meyer, H. M., Chi, M., Hensley, D. K., Datskos, P. G., & Lavrik, N. V. (2011) · Nanotechnology · doi:10.1088/0957-4484/22/27/275716 · Cited by 160
Numbers of donors and acceptors from transport measurements in graphene
Novikov, D. S. (2007) · Applied Physics Letters · doi:10.1063/1.2779107 · Cited by 145
Zheng, B., Hermet, P., & Henrard, L. (2010) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn1002425 · Cited by 137
Li, Q., Hwang, E. H., & Sarma, S. D. (2011) · Physical Review B · doi:10.1103/physrevb.84.115442 · Cited by 111
Study of the electronic properties of Li-intercalated nitrogen doped graphite
Jalili, S., & Vaziri, R. (2011) · Molecular Physics · doi:10.1080/00268976.2010.547523 · Cited by 103
Experimental evidence for Efros–Shklovskii variable range hopping in hydrogenated graphene
Chuang, C., Puddy, R. K., Lin, H. D., et al. (2012) · Solid State Communications · doi:10.1016/j.ssc.2012.02.002 · Cited by 54
Non-ohmic behavior of carrier transport in highly disordered graphene
Lo, S.-T., Chuang, C., Puddy, R. K., et al. (2013) · Nanotechnology · doi:10.1088/0957-4484/24/16/165201 · Cited by 10
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Mucciolo E. R., 2010, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 22, 273201
- Schubert G., 2012, Phys. Rev. Lett., 108, 066402, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.066402 · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.108.066402
Cited by
Nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon of extraordinary capacitance for electrochemical energy storage
Lin, T., Chen, I.-W., Liu, F., Yang, C., Bi, H., Xu, F., & Huang, F. (2015) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aab3798 · Cited by 2,075
Self-citationHeteroatom-doped graphene materials: syntheses, properties and applications
Wang, X., Sun, G., Routh, P., Kim, D.-H., Huang, W., & Chen, P. (2014) · Chem. Soc. Rev. · doi:10.1039/c4cs00141a · Cited by 1,891
Ju, J., & Chen, W. (2014) · Biosensors and Bioelectronics · doi:10.1016/j.bios.2014.02.061 · Cited by 560
Cencerrero, J., Sánchez, P., de Lucas-Consuegra, A., de la Osa, A. R., & Romero, A. (2022) · FlatChem · doi:10.1016/j.flatc.2022.100435 · Cited by 6
Metadata
- Authors
- Lu, Y.-F., Lo, S.-T., Lin, J.-C., Zhang, W., Lu, J.-Y., Liu, F.-H., Tseng, C.-M., Lee, Y.-H., Liang, C.-T., & Li, L.-J.
- Venue
- ACS Nano
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2013-07-30
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 6522-6532
- ISSN
- 1936-0851 (ISSN-L)
- 1936-086X
- OpenAlex
- W1995209666
- Cited by
- 297
- References
- 52
- FWCI
- 14.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
