Cited by 119Cancer survivorship and careAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesPsychometric Methodologies and Testing

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 48 of the 49 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The value of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for comparing women with early onset breast cancer with population-based reference women

Open access

Abstract

Background The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is frequently used in cancer studies, yet its utility for comparing people with cancer with people in the community is uncertain.Methods HADS scores were obtained from population-based samples of women with (n = 731) and without (n = 158) early-onset breast cancer. Psychometric properties were examined using differential item functioning (DIF) which is the presence of systematic group differences in certain response items independent of the trait being measured.Results Women with breast cancer scored lower than reference women on anxiety (mean (SD) 7.5 (4.3) vs. 8.2 (4.0); p = 0.06) and depression (3.3 (3.2) vs. 4.2 (3.0); p = 0.003). Group differences remained following adjustment for demographics. Time since diagnosis was not related to anxiety or depression scores. DIF was present in two anxiety and five depression items. Adjustment for DIF did not substantially change the anxiety or depression group differences.Conclusion Specific sampling or DIF effects do not explain the observation that women with breast cancer have lower levels of anxiety and depression than population controls. The psychometric properties of the HADS appear to be acceptable in these groups.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1023/b:qure.0000015292.56268.e7

Cites

48 of 48 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Several studies with patients with cancer, including patients with breast cancer, indicate that the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale total score is a sensitive measure of global psychological distress, with good internal consistency (α>0.87).

    “Several studies with patients with cancer, including patients with BC, indicate that the HADS total score is a sensitive measure of global psychological distress,96–98 with good internal consistency (α>0.87).99”

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 49 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Bentler PM, Wu EJC. EQS for Windows Users Guide, Structural Equations Program 5.6. Cino, California: Multivariate Software Inc., 1997.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Metadata

Authors
Osborne, R. H., Elsworth, G. R., Sprangers, M. A. G., Oort, F. J., & Hopper, J. L.
Affiliations
  • The University of Melbourne (AU)
  • RMIT University (AU)
  • University of Amsterdam (NL)
Corresponding author
Osborne, R.H.
Venue
Quality of Life Research
Published
2004-02
Volume
13
Issue
1
Pages
191-206
ISSN
  • 0962-9343 (ISSN-L)
  • 1573-2649
OpenAlex
W2085127502
Cited by
119
References
49
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 13
FWCI
1.76
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Quality of Life Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion)
  • Deakin Research Online (Deakin University) (submittedVersion)
  • RMIT Research Repository (RMIT University Library) (submittedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
National Cancer Institute (CA 95003)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Keywords
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, early-onset breast cancer, anxiety, depression, differential item functioning, psychometric properties, women with cancer, time since diagnosis
MeSH terms
Adult, Anxiety, Australia, Breast Neoplasms, Depression, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Psychometrics, Registries, Self-Assessment, Case-Control Studies, Age of Onset, Sickness Impact Profile

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review