Geologic setting of serpentine deposits on Mars
Open accessAbstract
Serpentine, recently discovered on Mars using Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter data, is uncommon but found in three geologic settings: (1) in mélange terrains at the Claritas Rise and the Nili Fossae, (2) associated with a few southern highlands impact craters, and (3) associated with a regional olivine‐rich stratigraphic unit near the Isidis basin. Any presently active serpentinization processes would be occurring beneath the surface and mineral products would not be apparent with surface and orbital data; however, finding serpentine in several Noachian terrains indicates active serpentinization processes in Mars' past. Important implications are the past production of magnetite, which may contribute to chemical remnant magnetization of Mars' crust, and production of H 2, which is a suitable energy source for chemosynthetic microbial life.
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There is evidence that serpentinization once occurred on Mars and is likely still occurring on Saturn's icy moon Enceladus.
“There is evidence that serpentinization once occurred on Mars and is likely still occurring on Saturn’s icy moon Enceladus, providing a perspective on serpentinization as a source of reductants, catalysts and chemical disequilibrium for life on other worlds.”
From Serpentinization as the source of energy, electrons, organics, catalysts, nutrients and pH gradients for the origin of LUCA and life (2023) · cites this paper as Ehlmann et al., 2010
The Conclusions (§5, paragraph 16; page not provided) state that serpentinization operated on Mars in the past and produced H₂, a potential energy source for life. The paper does not address Enceladus or support the claim that serpentinization is likely still occurring there. (LLM, conf=0.89)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredOn Mars ultramafic and serpentinized rocks have been found, with the olivine on Mars having an even higher iron content than that found on Earth.
“On Mars ultramafic and serpentinized rocks have been found, with the olivine on Mars having an even higher iron content than that found on Earth (Hoefen et al., 2003; Christensen et al., 2004; Ehlmann et al., 2010; Holm et al., 2015; Tutolo and Tosca, 2023).”
From Serpentinization as the source of energy, electrons, organics, catalysts, nutrients and pH gradients for the origin of LUCA and life (2023) · cites this paper as Ehlmann et al., 2010
The Introduction and Discussion report serpentine-bearing deposits and olivine-rich rocks on Mars. The Discussion describes buried, altered ultramafic rocks as a plausible hypothesis, not an established finding, and the paper does not compare the iron content of Martian and terrestrial olivine. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Ellison, E. T., Templeton, A. S., Zeigler, S. D., Mayhew, L. E., Kelemen, P. B., Matter, J., & The Oman Drilling Project Science Party (2021) · Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth · doi:10.1029/2021jb021981 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Radiolytic H2 production on Noachian Mars: Implications for habitability and atmospheric warming
Tarnas, J., Mustard, J. F., Lollar, B. S., Bramble, M. S., Cannon, K. M., Palumbo, A. M., & Plesa, A. (2018) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2018.09.001 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Self-citationFalk, E. S., Guo, W., Paukert, A. N., Matter, J. M., Mervine, E. M., & Kelemen, P. B. (2016) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2016.06.026 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
McCollom, T. M., Klein, F., & Ramba, M. (2021) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2021.114754 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Fornaro, T., Boosman, A., Brucato, J. R., ten Kate, I. L., Siljeström, S. M., Poggiali, G., Steele, A., & Hazen, R. M. (2018) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2018.05.001 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Geological and Geochemical Constraints on the Origin and Evolution of Life
Sleep, N. H. (2018) · Astrobiology · doi:10.1089/ast.2017.1778 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Salvatore, M. R., Goudge, T. A., Bramble, M. S., Edwards, C. S., Bandfield, J. L., Amador, E. S., Mustard, J. F., & Christensen, P. R. (2017) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2017.09.019 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citationSerpentinite and the search for life beyond Earth
Vance, S. D., & Daswani, M. M. (2020) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences · doi:10.1098/rsta.2018.0421 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Templeton, A. S., Ellison, E. T., Glombitza, C., Morono, Y., Rempfert, K. R., Hoehler, T. M., Zeigler, S. D., Kraus, E., Spear, J. R., Nothaft, D. B., et al. (2021) · Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences · doi:10.1029/2021jg006315 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
An overview of explosive volcanism on Mars
Brož, P., Bernhardt, H., Conway, S. J., & Parekh, R. A. (2020) · Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research · doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2020.107125 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
El-Maarry, M. R., Watters, W. A., McKeown, N. K., Carter, J., Dobrea, E. N., Bishop, J. L., Pommerol, A., & Thomas, N. (2014) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2014.06.033 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Schwander, L., Brabender, M., Mrnjavac, N., Wimmer, J. L. E., Preiner, M., & Martin, W. F. (2023) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1257597 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
“On Mars ultramafic and serpentinized rocks have been found, with the olivine on Mars having an even higher iron content than that found on Earth (Hoefen et al., 2003; Christensen et al., 2004; Ehlmann et al., 2010; Holm et al., 2015; Tutolo and Tosca, 2023).”
BackgroundEvidence for methane in Martian meteorites
Blamey, N., Parnell, J., McMahon, S., Mark, D. F., Tomkinson, T., Lee, M., Shivak, J., Izawa, M. R., Banerjee, N. R., & Flemming, R. (2015) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms8399 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Leong, J. A. M., & Shock, E. L. (2020) · American Journal of Science · doi:10.2475/03.2020.01 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Barbier, S., Huang, F., Andréani, M., Tao, R., Hao, J., Eleish, A. M., Prabhu, A., Minhas, O., Fontaine, K. S., Fox, P., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Earth Science · doi:10.3389/feart.2020.00209 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Kelemen, P. B., Leong, J. A. M., de Obeso, J. C., Matter, J. M., Ellison, E. T., Templeton, A. S., Nothaft, D. B., Eslami, A., Evans, K. A., Godard, M., et al. (2021) · Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth · doi:10.1029/2021jb022729 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Geology of quartz and hydrated silica‐bearing deposits near Antoniadi Crater, Mars
Smith, M. R., & Bandfield, J. L. (2012) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2011je004038 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
The divergent fates of primitive hydrospheric water on Earth and Mars
Wade, J., Dyck, B., Palin, R. M., Moore, J. D. P., & Smye, A. J. (2017) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature25031 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Challenges in the Search for Perchlorate and Other Hydrated Minerals With 2.1‐μm Absorptions on Mars
Leask, E. K., Ehlmann, B. L., Dündar, M., Murchie, S. L., & Seelos, F. P. (2018) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2018gl080077 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Self-citationFalse biosignatures on Mars: anticipating ambiguity
McMahon, S., & Cosmidis, J. (2021) · Journal of the Geological Society · doi:10.1144/jgs2021-050 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Methane bursts as a trigger for intermittent lake-forming climates on post-Noachian Mars
Kite, E. S., Gao, P., Goldblatt, C., Mischna, M. A., Mayer, D. P., & Yung, Y. L. (2017) · Nature Geoscience · doi:10.1038/ngeo3033 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Alteration minerals in impact-generated hydrothermal systems – Exploring host rock variability
Schwenzer, S. P., & KRING, D. A. (2013) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2013.06.003 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Low Energy Subsurface Environments as Extraterrestrial Analogs
Jones, R. M., Goordial, J., & Orcutt, B. N. (2018) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01605 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Sulfur in the early martian atmosphere revisited: Experiments with a 3-D Global Climate Model
Kerber, L., Forget, F., & Wordsworth, R. (2015) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.011 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Large carbon isotope variability during methanogenesis under alkaline conditions
Miller, H. M., Chaudhry, N., Conrad, M. E., Bill, M., Kopf, S. H., & Templeton, A. S. (2018) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2018.06.007 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Organic Matter Preservation in Ancient Soils of Earth and Mars
Broz, A. (2020) · Life · doi:10.3390/life10070113 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Earth-like Habitable Environments in the Subsurface of Mars
Tarnas, J., Mustard, J. F., Lollar, B. S., Stamenković, V., Cannon, K. M., Lorand, J.-P., Onstott, T. C., Michalski, J. R., Warr, O., Palumbo, A. M., et al. (2021) · Astrobiology · doi:10.1089/ast.2020.2386 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationQuantin‐Nataf, C., Flahaut, J., Clénet, H., Allemand, P., & Thomas, P. G. (2012) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2012.07.031 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Compositional and structural constraints on the geologic history of eastern Tharsis Rise, Mars
Viviano, C. E., Murchie, S. L., Beck, A. W., & Dohm, J. M. (2016) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2016.09.005 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citationDifferentiating biotic from abiotic methane genesis in hydrothermally active planetary surfaces
Oze, C., Jones, L. C., Goldsmith, J. I., & Rosenbauer, R. J. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1205223109 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Puncturing Mars: How impact craters interact with the Martian cryosphere
Schwenzer, S. P., Abramov, O., Allen, C. C., Clifford, S. M., Cockell, C. S., Filiberto, J. R., KRING, D. A., Lasue, J., McGovern, P. J., NEWSOM, H. E., et al. (2012) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2012.04.031 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Impact Degassing of H2 on Early Mars and its Effect on the Climate System
Haberle, R. M., Zahnle, K. J., Barlow, N. G., & Steakley, K. (2019) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2019gl084733 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
A synthesis and meta-analysis of the Fe chemistry of serpentinites and serpentine minerals
Mayhew, L. E., & Ellison, E. T. (2020) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences · doi:10.1098/rsta.2018.0420 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Leong, J. A. M., Howells, A. E. G., Robinson, K. J., Cox, A. D., Debes, R. V., Fecteau, K. M., Prapaipong, P., & Shock, E. L. (2021) · Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth · doi:10.1029/2020jb020756 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Greenberger, R. N., Mustard, J. F., Cloutis, E. A., Pratt, L. M., Sauer, P. E., Mann, P. J., Turner, K., Dyar, M. D., & Bish, D. L. (2015) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.02.002 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citationAmagmatic hydrothermal systems on Mars from radiogenic heat
Ojha, L., Karunatillake, S., Karimi, S., & Buffo, J. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21762-8 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
The geology and mineralogy of Ritchey crater, Mars: Evidence for post‐Noachian clay formation
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- Authors
- Ehlmann, B. L., Mustard, J. F., & Murchie, S. L.
- Affiliations
- Brown University (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Venue
- Geophysical Research Letters
- Publisher
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Published
- 2010-03
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 2235
- ISSN
- 0094-8276 (ISSN-L)
- 1944-8007
- OpenAlex
- W1752008511
- Cited by
- 383
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 59 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 9.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Geophysical Research Letters (publishedVersion)
- CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- LPI
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Planetary Science and Exploration
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astro and Planetary Science
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Keywords
- serpentine, serpentinization, Mars, Nili Fossae, impact craters, Isidis basin, Noachian, magnetite, remanent magnetization, hydrogen production
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