Chemical composition of Martian fines
Abstract
Of the 21 samples acquired for the Viking X ray fluorescence spectrometer, 17 were analyzed to high precision. Compared to typical terrestrial continental soils and lunar mare fines, the Martian fines are lower in Al, higher in Fe, and much higher in S and Cl concentrations. Protected fines at the two lander sites are almost indistinguishable, but concentration of the element S is somewhat higher at Utopia. Duricrust fragments, successfully acquired only at the Chryse site, invariably contained about 50% higher S than fines. No elements correlate positively with S, except Cl and possibly Mg. A sympathetic variation is found among the triad Si, Al, Ca; positive correlation occurs between Ti and Fe. Sample variabilities are as great within a few meters as between lander locations (4500 km apart), implying the existence of a universal Martian regolith component of constant average composition. The nature of the source materials for the regolith fines must be mafic to ultramafic.
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Martian dust is of almost uniform composition on the basis of Viking and Pathfinder results.
“Martian dust of almost uniform composition on the basis of Viking and Pathfinder results [Clark e! al., 1982; Rieder et al., 1997].”
From A chemical model for evaporites on early Mars: Possible sedimentary tracers of the early climate and implications for exploration (1999) · cites this paper as Clark et al., 1982
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- Authors
- Clark, B. C., Baird, A. K., Weldon, R. J., Tsusaki, D. M., Schnabel, L., & Candelaria, M. P.
- Affiliations
- Martin Marietta (United States) (US)
- Pomona College (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
- Publisher
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Published
- 1982-01
- Volume
- 87
- Issue
- B12
- Pages
- 10059-10067
- ISSN
- 0148-0227 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2087792793
- Cited by
- 409
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 3.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Planetary Science and Exploration
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astro and Planetary Science
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Keywords
- Martian regolith, chemical composition, Viking landers, X-ray fluorescence, sulfur, chlorine, iron, aluminum, duricrusts, Utopia Planitia, Chryse Planitia
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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