Stimulus configuration and context effects in perceptual organization in schizophrenia
Abstract
Two studies assessed perceptual organization in schizophrenia to determine (a) whether inpatient and outpatient groups with poor premorbid schizophrenia have comparable levels of perceptual organization deficit; and (b) whether the deficit could be eliminated by task manipulations. In Study 1, inpatients demonstrated clear evidence of a perceptual organization deficit, whereas outpatients performed similarly to the control groups. In Study 2, a performance pattern that operationally defined a perceptual organization deficit was eliminated by a task manipulation thought to aid in context processing. The perceptual organization deficit is most pronounced in actively symptomatic patients with poor premorbid schizophrenia, and the deficit reflects, in part, deficient top-down influences to basic perceptual processes.
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Impairments in visual integration have been linked to poorer premorbid social functioning.
“Impairments in visual integration have been linked to increases in disorganized symptoms (57,66,67), poorer premorbid social functioning (82), presence of childhood trauma in schizophrenia (83), and illness severity and chronicity (84).”
From Visual perception and its impairment in schizophrenia (2008) · cites this paper as [82]
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“The decrease and delay of early gamma synchrony observed in first-episode schizophrenia is also consistent with cognitive models of a perceptual organization deficit in this disorder (10).”
BackgroundResultSocial perception in schizophrenia: the role of context
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“A series of studies (Knight & Silverstein, 1998; Silverstein et al., 1996) have shown, for example, that processing of perceptual context is significantly impaired in patients with poor premorbid social functioning but relatively preserved in good premorbid patients.”
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“This was shown to be the case in a size perception task where surrounding figures provided a context that was helpful in some conditions and misleading in others (Silverstein et al., 1996; Uhlhaas et al., 2006b).”
BackgroundPerception of dynamic action in patients with schizophrenia
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“…deficit in patients with schizophrenia (Cox & Leventhal, 1978; Izawa & Yamamoto, 2002; Knight, 1992; Place & Gilmore, 1980; Rabinowicz et al., 1996; Silverstein et al., 1996a; Silverstein, Bakshi, Chapman, & Nowlis, 1998a), including studies employing the contour integration paradigm (Kozma-Wiebe…”
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“…with past findings that visual integration impairments are found in patients with a more severe form of illness characterized by poor pre-morbid functioning and greater behavioral and linguistic disorganization (Silverstein et al. 1996 ; Knight & Silverstein, 1998 ; Uhlhaas & Silverstein, 2005).”
BackgroundResultKoychev, I. G., El‐Deredy, W., Haenschel, C., & Deakin, J. F. W. (2010) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.04.014 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
“…Antal, Szekeres, Benedek, & Janka, 2002; Slaghuis, 1998), perceptual organization (Silverstein, Bakshi, Nuernberger, Carpinello, & Wilkniss, 2005; Silverstein et al., 1996), spatial discrimination (Keri, Kelemen, Benedek, & Janka, 2004; O’Donnell et al., 1996; Tek et al., 2002) and the ability…”
Spatial frequency discrimination in schizophrenia.
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“As reviewed previously, perceptual deficits are highly sensitive to task manipulations and can appear for analysis of details (Silverstein et al., 1996).”
BackgroundA Risk Factor Screening and Assessment Protocol for Schizophrenia and Related Psychosis
Carr, V. J., Halpin, S. A., Lau, N. S., O'Brien, S., Beckmann, J., & Lewin, T. J. (2000) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/000486700240 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
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“Consistent with other perception studies, (Silverstein et al., 1996; Uhlhaas et al., 2005; Silverstein and Keane, 2009; Keane et al., 2013), we also uncovered a state effect wherein the three groups demonstrated comparable context sensitivity by hospital discharge.”
BackgroundResultYoon, J. H., Sheremata, S., Rokem, A., & Silver, M. A. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00681 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
“Altered contextual modulation has been abundantly documented in schizophrenia using a wide variety of paradigms (Silverstein et al., 1996, 2013; Must et al., 2004; Dakin et al., 2005; Kéri et al., 2005; Tadin et al., 2006; Uhlhaas et al., 2006b; Chen et al., 2008b; Yoon et al., 2009; Schallmo et…”
BackgroundWorking Memory Consolidation Is Abnormally Slow in Schizophrenia.
Fuller, R. L. M., Luck, S. J., McMahon, R. P., & Gold, J. M. (2005) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.114.2.279 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
“A number of studies have demonstrated abnormalities in perceptual organization in patients with schizophrenia consistent with this notion (Place & Gilmore, 1980; Silverstein et al., 1996; Wells & Leventhal, 1984).”
ResultPerceptual organization in schizophrenia: The processing of symmetrical configurations.
Knight, R. A., Manoach, D. S., Elliott, D. S., & Hershenson, M. (2000) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.109.4.575 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
High-frequency neural oscillations and visual processing deficits in schizophrenia
Tan, H. M., Lana, L., & Uhlhaas, P. J. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00621 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
“Previous psychophysical research in ScZ has implicated deficits in the utilization of top-down mediated cues (Silverstein et al., 1996) as well as dysfunctions in bottom-up driven processing in early visual pathways (Uhlhaas and Silverstein, 2005; Butler et al., 2007), suggesting that effects of…”
BackgroundConfigural processing in face recognition in schizophrenia
Schwartz, B. L., Marvel, C. L., Drapalski, A. L., Rosse, R. B., & Deutsch, S. I. (2002) · Cognitive Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1080/13546800143000113 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
“visual information (Cox & Leventhal, 1978; John & Helmsley, 1992; Knight, 1992; Place & Gilmore, 1980; Silverstein et al., 1996; Silverstein, Bakshi, Chapman, & Nowlis, 1998).”
Perceptual organization in first episode schizophrenia and ultra-high-risk states
Silverstein, S. M., Uhlhaas, P. J., Essex, B. G., Halpin, S. A., Schall, U., & Carr, V. J. (2006) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2006.01.003 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
The Sustained Attention Test: a measure of attentional disturbance
Silverstein, S. M., Light, G. A., & Palumbo, D. R. (1998) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0747-5632(98)00017-x · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Lee, T. M. C., Liu, H., Hung, K. N., Pu, J. K.-S., Ng, Y., Mak, A. K. Y., Gao, J., & Chan, C. C. H. (2005) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.03.025 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
“It is one of the prerequisites for apidly accessing semantic memory (Silverstein et al., 1996; ilverstein, Osborn, & West, 1998).”
BackgroundCortical contributions to impaired contour integration in schizophrenia
Silverstein, S. M., Harms, M. P., Carter, C. S., Gold, J. M., Keane, B. P., MacDonald, A. W., Ragland, J. D., & Barch, D. M. (2015) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.07.003 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Emotion recognition in Chinese people with schizophrenia
Chan, C. C. H., Wong, R., Wang, K., & Lee, T. M. C. (2007) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2006.03.028 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
“We did not control for patient medication because those patients who agreed to be withdrawn from their medication were not representative of the clinical population being studied (Spohn and Fitzpatrick, 1980; Silverstein et al., 1996).”
BackgroundSilverstein, S. M. (2007) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbn032 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Effortful Cognitive Resource Allocation and Negative Symptom Severity in Chronic Schizophrenia
Granholm, E. L., Verney, S. P., Perivoliotis, D., & Miura, T. (2006) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbl040 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Carter, O. L., Bennett, D., Nash, T., Arnold, S., Brown, L., Cai, R. Y., Allan, Z., Dluzniak, A., McAnally, K. I., Burr, D. C., et al. (2017) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2017.69 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Sensorimotor gating, orienting and social perception in schizophrenia
Wynn, J. K., Sergi, M. J., Dawson, M. E., Schell, A. M., & Green, M. F. (2004) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2004.07.013 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
“…with prior studies showing relationships between early visual processing and premorbid social functioning in schizophrenia patients (e.g., Silverstein et al., 1996), suggesting that deficits in early information processing can negatively impact highlevel processes necessary for normal…”
BackgroundPerceptual Organisation in Schizophrenia: Evidence of Intact Processing of Configural Stimuli
Silverstein, S. M., Osborn, L. M., West, L. L., & Knight, R. A. (1998) · Cognitive Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1080/135468098396161 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Visual Context Processing Deficits in Schizophrenia: Effects of Deafness and Disorganization
Horton, H. K., & Silverstein, S. M. (2011) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbr055 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Granholm, E. L., Perry, W., Filoteo, J. V., & BRAFF, D. L. (1999) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/0894-4105.13.2.271 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Development of a world-wide web based contour integration test
Kozma-Wiebe, P., Silverstein, S. M., Fehér, A., Kovács, I., Ulhaas, P., & Wilkniss, S. M. (2006) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2004.03.017 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
“…with a number of prior studies indicating a perceptual organization deficit in schizophrenia patients (Izawa & Yamamoto, 2002; Knight, 1984; Knight & Silverstein, 1998; Place & Gilmore, 1980; Rabinowicz, Opler, Owen, & Knight, 1996; Silverstein et al., 1996, 1998, 2000; Wells & Leventhal, 1984).”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationBellgrove, M. A., Vance, A. L. A., & Bradshaw, J. L. (2003) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/s0278-2626(02)00509-2 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Information Processing, Social Cognition, and Psychiatric Rehabilitation in Schizophrenia
Silverstein, S. M. (1997) · Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/00332747.1997.11024810 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Preattentive visual search and perceptual grouping in schizophrenia
Carr, V. J., Dewis, S. A. M., & Lewin, T. J. (1998) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(98)00035-3 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
“The latter implies a potential influence of memory-related factors, such as context, meaning and attentional strategies, on perceptual organization (Silverstein et al., 1996).”
BackgroundSilverstein, S. M., Demmin, D. L., & Škodlar, B. (2017) · Psychopathology · doi:10.1159/000452493 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Implications of holistic face processing in autism and schizophrenia
Watson, T. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00414 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Mittal, V. A., Gupta, T., Keane, B. P., & Silverstein, S. M. (2015) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000082 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Visual Organization Processes in Schizophrenia
van Assche, M., & Giersch, A. (2009) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbp084 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“Alternatively, this might have something to do with patients’ difficulty with processing contextual information.(9,13,14,34,35) In our perceptual task, the context was provided by grouping cues, whereas in the Stroop task, the context was provided by the semantic information conveyed by the word.”
BackgroundA risk factor screening and assessment protocol for schizophrenia and related psychosis
Carr, V. J., Halpin, S., Lau, N. S., O'Brien, S., Beckmann, J., & Lewin, T. J. (2000) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1046/j.1440-1614.2000.00792.x · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Gestalt perception in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
Uhlhaas, P. J. (2003) · Stirling Online Research Repository (University of Stirling) · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Owoso, A., Carter, C. S., Gold, J. M., MacDonald, A. W., Ragland, J. D., Silverstein, S. M., Strauss, M. E., & Barch, D. M. (2013) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291713000536 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
“…visual integration has not previously been examined in a separate group of schizo-affective patients [only in people with this diagnosis who were part of a mixed-diagnosis psychiatric control group of psychotic disorders other than schizophrenia (e.g. Silverstein et al. 1996; Uhlhaas et al. 2006)].”
Uhlhaas, P. J., Millard, I., Muetzelfeldt, L., Curran, H. V., & Morgan, C. J. A. (2007) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881107077739 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Auditory stream segregation impairments in schizophrenia
Weintraub, D. M., Ramage, E. M., Sutton, G. P., Ringdahl, E. N., Boren, A., Pasinski, A. C., Thaler, N., Haderlie, M., Allen, D. N., & Snyder, J. S. (2012) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2012.01457.x · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Aberrant high-frequency desynchronization of cerebellar cortices in early-onset psychosis
Wilson, T. W., Slason, E., Hernandez, O. O., Asherin, R. M., Reite, M. L., Teale, P. D., & Rojas, D. C. (2009) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2009.03.009 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“…cognitive descriptions of psychosis as the integration impairments found across sensorimotor tasks and in all sensory modalities (Hemsley, 1996; Silverstein et al., 1996; Gray, 1998; Altshuler et al., 2004; Bombin et al., 2005) could emerge from dysfunctional connectivity between involved…”
BackgroundElectromagnetic brain activity evoked by affective stimuli in schizophrenia
Rockstroh, B. S., Junghöfer, M., Elbert, T. R., Buodo, G., & Miller, G. A. (2006) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2006.00424.x · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“…amygdala activation (Gur et al., 2002; Schneider et al., 1998; Taylor, Liberzon, Decker, & Koeppe, The assistance of Drs. Hans Watzl and Karl Pröpster in patient diagnoses, Patricia Andreas and Tzvetan Popov in data acquisition, and Ursula Lommen in data analysis is gratefully acknowledged.”
BackgroundThe Miiller-Lyer Illusion as a Tool for Schizophrenia Screening
Pessoa, V. F., Monge-Fuentes, V., Simon, C. Y., Suganuma, E., & Tavares, M. C. H. (2008) · Reviews in the Neurosciences · doi:10.1515/revneuro.2008.19.2-3.91 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Silverstein, S. M., Berten, S., Essex, B. G., All, S. D., Kasi, R. E., & Little, D. M. (2010) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.05.030 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
“…lobe: (1) a series of prior behavioral studies using this task suggested that bottom-up processing during this task is intact in schizophrenia (Silverstein et al., 1996); and (2) fMRI evidence implicates V1 in grouping by similarity and proximity, the two cues involved in this study's task…”
InfluentialLack of flexibility in visual grouping in patients with schizophrenia.
Giersch, A., & Rhein, V. F. (2008) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.117.1.132 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Pouzet, B., Veenman, C., Yee, B. K., Feldon, J., & Weiner, I. (1999) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(98)00691-5 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Verbal memory in schizophrenia: sex differences over repeated assessments
Fiszdon, J. M. (2003) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(02)00285-2 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“A number of aspects of cognitive functioning is also known to change with clinical state in schizophrenia (Neuchterlein et al., 1992; Silverstein et al., 1996); however, verbal memory has not been extensively studied in this regard.”
BackgroundCollinear contextual suppression in schizophrenic patients
Schütze, C., Bongard, I., Marbach, S., Brand, A., & Herzog, M. H. (2007) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2006.03.021 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Contour integration impairment in schizophrenia and first episode psychosis: State or trait?
Feigenson, K. A., Keane, B. P., Roché, M. W., & Silverstein, S. M. (2014) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2014.09.028 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“Support for this hypothesis comes from data on other forms of perceptual organization, indicating more intact functioning in first episode compared to later episode schizophrenia patients (Silverstein et al., 1996, 2006b).”
Visuo-spatial processing in a dynamic and a static working memory paradigm in schizophrenia
Cocchi, L., Schenk, F., Volken, H., Bovet, P., Parnas, J., & Vianin, P. (2007) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2006.02.004 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Reading in Schizophrenic Subjects and Their Nonsymptomatic First-Degree Relatives
Roberts, E. O., Proudlock, F. A., Martin, K., Reveley, M. A., Al-Uzri, M., & Gottlob, I. (2013) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbr191 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“nents of vision such as color, motion, and orientation into a more global representation), have recently been detected.(14,15) Recently, Knebel et al used visual evoked potentials (VEPs) to show that schizophrenia leads to deficits in the early visual processing of parafoveal vision.”
BackgroundBressan, P., & Krämer, P. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00343 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“Silverstein et al. (1992), for example, found no effect on perceptual organization of either depression or anhedonia.”
BackgroundSchizophrenia: Putting context in context
Park, S., Lee, J., Folley, B. S., & Kim, J. (2003) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x03380021 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Feigenson, K. A., Gara, M. A., Roché, M. W., & Silverstein, S. M. (2014) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.03.005 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“PO dysfunction has been repeatedly demonstrated in schizophrenia patients (e.g. Snyder, 1961; Cox and Leventhal, 1978; Wells and Leventhal, 1984; Silverstein et al., 1996, 2000; for review, see Silverstein and Keane, 2011) and, among biobehavioral markers, has shown a high level of specificity for…”
MethodInfluentialPerceptual organization deficits in psychotic patients
PETERS, E. R., Nunn, J. A., Pickering, A. D., & Hemsley, D. R. (2002) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(02)00096-3 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“Keywords: Schizophrenia; Top-down processing; Perceptual organization; Degraded Stroop”
Silverstein, S. M., Keane, B. P., Papathomas, T. V., Lathrop, K. L., Kourtev, H., Feigenson, K. A., Roché, M. W., Wang, Y., Mikkilineni, D., & Paterno, D. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0114642 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“Emerging evidence suggests that visual processing that is strongly driven by top-down modulation involving prior experience is state-linked [10–13] whereas processing that reflects primarily bottom-up influences is stable across clinical state [14].”
BackgroundThe relationship between visual-perception and attention in Chinese with schizophrenia
Lee, T. M. C., & Cheung, P. P. Y. (2004) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2004.02.024 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“We did not control for patient medication because those patients who agreed to be withdrawn from their medication were not representative of the clinical population being studied (Silverstein et al., 1996; Spohn and Fitzpatrick, 1980).”
BackgroundAltered perception of apparent motion in schizophrenia spectrum disorder
Tschacher, W., Dubouloz, P., Meier, R., & Junghan, U. (2008) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2007.04.005 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“Some studies on perceptual organization have reported that impairments were found only in poor premorbid schizophrenia inpatients, and not in outpatients (Silverstein et al., 1996).”
BackgroundAttentional modulation of perceptual organisation in schizophrenia
Kéri, S., Kelemen, O., & Benedek, G. (2009) · Cognitive Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1080/13546800902757936 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“( 1996 ) found that perceptual organisation dysfunctions could be improved through attentional modulation.”
BackgroundThe spatial range of contour integration deficits in schizophrenia
Keane, B. P., Silverstein, S. M., Barch, D. M., Carter, C. S., Gold, J. M., Kovács, I., MacDonald, A. W., Ragland, J. D., & Strauss, M. E. (2012) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-012-3134-4 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“…examples include: reduced contrast enhancement between collinear elements (Must et al. 2004); weakened shape-based and location-based grouping (Place and Gilmore 1980; Silverstein et al. 1996); and lessened susceptibility to contextually induced size illusions (Uhlhaas et al. 2006), among others.”
Altered depth perception is associated with presence of schizotypal personality traits
Barbato, M., Collinson, S. L., & Casagrande, M. (2011) · Cognitive Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1080/13546805.2011.576864 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“Such anomalies have been attributed to a disturbance in ‘‘top down’’ neural processing, information processing that is influenced by concepts or expectations, as opposed to ‘‘bottom up’’ processing, which is more stimulus driven (Lindsay & Norman, 1972; Potts, O’Donnell, Hirayasu, & McCarley, 2002; Rassovsky, Green, N…”
BackgroundWhy do schizophrenic patients hallucinate?
Roelfsema, P. R., & Supèr, H. (2003) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x03410029 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Comparison of visual perceptual organization in schizophrenia and body dysmorphic disorder
Silverstein, S. M., Elliott, C. M., Feusner, J. D., Keane, B. P., Mikkilineni, D., Hansen, N. S., Hartmann, A. S., & Wilhelm, S. (2015) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.05.107 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
- Authors
- Silverstein, S. M., Knight, R. A., Schwarzkopf, S. B., West, L. L., Osborn, L. M., & Kamin, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Rochester Medicine (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology
- Published
- 1996-08
- Volume
- 105
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 410-420
- ISSN
- 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1846
- OpenAlex
- W2063723431
- Cited by
- 191
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 4.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Keywords
- perceptual organization, schizophrenia, stimulus configuration, context effects, premorbid functioning, inpatient versus outpatient comparison, top-down processing, perceptual deficits
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Attention, Discrimination Learning, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Orientation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Perceptual Disorders, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychomotor Performance, Psychotic Disorders, Reaction Time, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Schizotypal Personality Disorder
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