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Psychological and physical well-being during unemployment: a meta-analytic study
Abstract
The authors used theoretical models to organize the diverse unemployment literature, and meta-analytic techniques were used to examine the impact of unemployment on worker well-being across 104 empirical studies with 437 effect sizes. Unemployed individuals had lower psychological and physical well-being than did their employed counterparts. Unemployment duration and sample type (school leaver vs. mature unemployed) moderated the relationship between mental health and unemployment, but the current unemployment rate and the amount of unemployment benefits did not. Within unemployed samples, work-role centrality, coping resources (personal, social, financial, and time structure), cognitive appraisals, and coping strategies displayed stronger relationships with mental health than did human capital or demographic variables. The authors identify gaps in the literature and propose directions for future unemployment research.
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“Unemployment may be associated with negative outcomes [9, 10], such as suicide, in the most extreme.”
From Supported employment: Meta-analysis and review of randomized controlled trials of individual placement and support (2019) · cites this paper as [9]
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Metadata
- Authors
- McKee-Ryan, F., Song, Z., Wanberg, C. R., & Kinicki, A. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Arizona State University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Psychology
- Published
- 2005
- Volume
- 90
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 53-76
- ISSN
- 0021-9010 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1854
- OpenAlex
- W2003307443
- Cited by
- 2,269
- References
- 280
- Citations by year
- 2026: 73 · 2025: 87 · 2024: 144 · 2023: 131 · 2022: 151 · 2021: 204 · 2020: 153 · 2019: 133 · 2018: 126 · 2017: 147 · 2016: 161 · 2015: 143 · 2014: 133 · 2013: 108 · 2012: 105
- FWCI
- 5.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- National University of Singapore (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Employment and Welfare Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Workplace Health and Well-being
- Keywords
- unemployment, psychological well-being, physical well-being, mental health, unemployed workers, unemployment duration, school leavers, unemployment benefits, coping resources, cognitive appraisal, coping strategies, human capital
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Humans, Mental Health, Models, Theoretical, Self Concept, Unemployment
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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