The DOI matches its Crossref record; 58 of the 60 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Implementation intentions and effective goal pursuit.
Open accessAbstract
The theoretical distinction between goal intentions ("I intend to achieve -c") and implementation intentions ("I intend to perform goal-directed behavior y when I encounter situation z"; P. M. Gollwitzer, 1993) is explored by assessing the completion rate of various goal projects. In correlational Study 1, difficult goal intentions were completed about 3 times more often when participants had furnished them with implementation intentions. In experimental Study 2, all participants were assigned the same difficult goal intention, and half were instructed to form implementation intentions. The beneficial effects of implementation intentions paralleled diose of Study 1. In experimental Study 3, implementation intentions were observed to facilitate the immediate initiation of goaldirected action when the intended opportunity was encountered. Implementation intentions are interpreted to be powerful self-regulatory tools for overcoming the typical obstacles associated with the initiation of goal-directed actions.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Due to this link, the action is executed immediately, efficiently, independent of conscious intent and with reduced controllability (Bayer et al., 2009; Brandstätter et al., 2001; Gollwitzer & Brandstätter, 1997; Wieber & Sassenberg, 2006).”
From The effectiveness of implementation intentions in children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis (2026) · cites this paper as Gollwitzer & Brandstätter, 1997
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Implementation intentions are only effective for difficult‐to‐implement goals that demand substantial self‐regulation (Gollwitzer & Brandstätter, 1997; Wieber et al., 2010).”
From The effectiveness of implementation intentions in children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis (2026) · cites this paper as Gollwitzer & Brandstätter, 1997
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“For healthy children with well‐developed self‐regulatory capacities, implementation intention effects are only to be expected if the task is difficult enough to demand self‐regulation (Gollwitzer & Brandstätter, 1997; Wieber et al., 2010).”
From The effectiveness of implementation intentions in children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis (2026) · cites this paper as Gollwitzer & Brandstätter, 1997
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“particularly useful are for example implementation intentions and mental contrasting (Gollwitzer & Brandstätter, 1997;Oettingen & Mayer, 2002).”
From Understanding and Treating Procrastination: A Review of a Common Self-Regulatory Failure (2014) · cites this paper as Gollwitzer & Brandstätter, 1997
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
(1975) · PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation) · Cited by 36,737
From Intentions to Actions: A Theory of Planned Behavior
Ajzen, I. (1985) · Action Control · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-69746-3_2 · Cited by 19,057
Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency
Bandura, A. (1982) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.37.2.122 · Cited by 15,975
Social psychology: handbook of basic principles
Higgins, E., & Kruglanski, A. (2008) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.45-3496 · Cited by 5,535
A Theory of Goal Setting and Task Performance
Tosi, H. L., Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (1991) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/258875 · Cited by 4,840
Tosi, H. L. (1991) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1991.4278976 · Cited by 4,147
Motivational determinants of risk-taking behavior.
Atkinson, J. W. (1957) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0043445 · Cited by 3,706
Action control : from cognition to behavior
Kühl, J., & Beckmann, J. (1985) · Cited by 3,444
A motivational approach to self: integration in personality.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1990) · PubMed · Cited by 2,718
Cultivating competence, self-efficacy, and intrinsic interest through proximal self-motivation.
Bandura, A., & Schunk, D. H. (1981) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.41.3.586 · Cited by 2,675 · cited 1×
“Numerous other relevant aspects of goal content have been suggested, such as specific-abstract (Emmons, 1992; Locke & Latham, 1990), proximal-distal (Bandura & Schunk, 1981), and positive versus negative outcome focus (Higgins, Roney, Crowe, & Hymes, 1994).”
Background
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Bargh, J. A., & Gollwitzer, P.M. (1994). Environmental control of goal-directed action. In W. Spaulding (Ed.), Nebraska Symposium on Motivation: Integrative views of motivation, cognition, and emotion (Vol. 41, pp. 71-124). Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
- Heckhausen, H. (1989). Motivation und Handeln [Motivation and ac- tion]. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag.
- In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 8, pp. 193-232). New York: Academic Press.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 1,001
Time management training and perceived control of time at work
Häfner, A., & Stock, A. (2010) · The Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00223980.2010.496647 · Cited by 131
Squeezed: Coping with Constraint through Efficiency and Prioritization
Fernbach, P. M., Kan, C., & Lynch, J. G. (2014) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/679118 · Cited by 135
Payaprom, Y., Bennett, P. D., Alabaster, E. S., & Tantipong, H. (2011) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0023580 · Cited by 131
Getting A Grip on Ourselves: Challenging Expectancies About Loss of Energy After Self-Control
Martijn, C., Tenbült, P., Merckelbach, H. L. G. J., Dreezens, E., & de Vries, N. K. (2002) · Social Cognition · doi:10.1521/soco.20.6.441.22978 · Cited by 131
Koestner, R., Horberg, E. J., Gaudreau, P., Powers, T. A., Dio, P. D., Bryan, C. J., Jochum, R., & Salter, N. P. (2006) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167206291782 · Cited by 139
Self-schemas and the theory of planned behaviour
Sheeran, P., & Orbell, S. (2000) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/1099-0992(200007/08)30:4 · Cited by 131
Planning promotes goal striving.
Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2011) · KOPS (University of Konstanz) · Cited by 129
Self-citationBayer, U. C., Achtziger, A., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Moskowitz, G. B. (2009) · Social Cognition · doi:10.1521/soco.2009.27.2.183 · Cited by 207
Self-citationUnderstanding Corruption in Organizations – Development and Empirical Assessment of an Action Model
Rabl, T., & Kühlmann, T. M. (2008) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-008-9898-6 · Cited by 128
Kellar, I., & Abraham, C. (2005) · British Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1348/135910705x42940 · Cited by 128
Where Do We Go From Here? The Goal Perspective in Psychotherapy.
Michalak, J., & Holtforth, M. G. (2006) · Clinical Psychology Science and Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2850.2006.00048.x · Cited by 135
Wang, H., & Mangmeechai, A. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18020757 · Cited by 127
An investigation of the efficacy of acceptance-based behavioral therapy for academic procrastination
Glick, D. M., & Orsillo, S. M. (2015) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: General · doi:10.1037/xge0000050 · Cited by 126
The Role of Intention in Self-Regulation
Shapiro, S. L., & SCHWARTZ, G. E. R. (2000) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012109890-2/50037-8 · Cited by 135
How Good are Fast and Frugal Heuristics?
Gigerenzer, G., Czerlinski, J., & Martignon, L. F. (1999) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-5089-1_6 · Cited by 125
Implementation intention encoding does not automatize prospective memory responding
McDaniel, M. A., & Scullin, M. K. (2010) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/mc.38.2.221 · Cited by 123
Chen, P., Chavez, O., Ong, D. C., & Gunderson, B. (2017) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797617696456 · Cited by 122
Sheeran, P., & Silverman, M. (2003) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(02)00220-4 · Cited by 122
From imagery to intention: A dual route model of imagined contact effects
Crisp, R. J., Husnu, S., Meleady, R., Stathi, S., & Turner, R. N. (2010) · European Review of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/10463283.2010.543312 · Cited by 134
Contextualized personality, beyond traits.
Dunlop, W. L. (2015) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1002/per.1995 · Cited by 120
Counterfactual Thought, Regret, and Superstition: How to Avoid Kicking Yourself
Miller, D. T., & Taylor, B. R. (2002) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511808098.023 · Cited by 120
Bonetti, D. L., Eccles, M., Johnston, M., Steen, N., Grimshaw, J., Baker, R. M., Walker, A. E., & Pitts, N. B. (2004) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.08.072 · Cited by 120
Fujii, S., & Taniguchi, A. (2005) · Transportation Research Part D Transport and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.trd.2005.04.010 · Cited by 120
Changing Health Behaviour: Intervention and Research with Social Cognition Models
Rutter, D. R., & Quine, L. (2002) · Cited by 120
Intrinsic Motivation and Positive Development
Larson, R. W., & Rusk, N. (2011) · Advances in Child Development and Behavior · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-386492-5.00005-1 · Cited by 119
Understanding Misunderstanding: Social Psychological Perspectives
Pronin, E., Puccio, C., & Ross, L. D. (2002) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511808098.038 · Cited by 120
Gustavson, D. E., & Miyake, A. (2017) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2017.01.010 · Cited by 128
The Implicit Volition Model: On the Preconscious Regulation of Temporarily Adopted Goals
Moskowitz, G. B., Li, P., & Kirk, E. R. (2004) · Advances in experimental social psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(04)36006-5 · Cited by 120
Multiple goals: A review and derivation of general principles
Unsworth, K. L., Yeo, G., & Beck, J. W. (2014) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.1963 · Cited by 127
Self-efficacy Feelings Moderate Implementation Intention Effects
Wieber, F., Odenthal, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2009) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298860902860333 · Cited by 116
Self-citationExplaining Cultural Differences in Evaluations of Emotional Support Behaviors
Burleson, B. R., & Mortenson, S. T. (2003) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/0093650202250873 · Cited by 116
Cracks in the Wall: Habit Discontinuities as Vehicles for Behaviour Change
Verplanken, B., Roy, D., & Whitmarsh, L. (2018) · The Psychology of Habit · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-97529-0_11 · Cited by 115
Avoiding procrastination through time management: an experimental intervention study
Häfner, A., Oberst, V., & Stock, A. (2014) · Educational Studies · doi:10.1080/03055698.2014.899487 · Cited by 114
Kizilcec, R. F., & Cohen, G. L. (2017) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1611898114 · Cited by 113
Procrastination and the Extended Will
Heath, J., & Anderson, J. H. (2010) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195376685.003.0014 · Cited by 114
Beyond good intentions: Prompting people to make plans improves follow-through on important tasks
Rogers, T., Milkman, K. L., John, L. K., & Norton, M. I. (2015) · Behavioral Science & Policy · doi:10.1177/237946151500100205 · Cited by 115
Doing despite Disliking: Self–Regulatory Strategies in Everyday Aversive Activities
Hennecke, M., Czikmantori, T., & Brandstätter, V. (2018) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1002/per.2182 · Cited by 115
Self-citationInterruptions create prospective memory tasks
Dodhia, R. M., & Dismukes, R. K. (2008) · Applied Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1002/acp.1441 · Cited by 114
Theoretical Models of Cognitive Aging and Implications for Translational Research in Medicine
Brown, S. C., & Park, D. C. (2003) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/43.suppl_1.57 · Cited by 111
Prospective moral licensing: Does anticipating doing good later allow you to be bad now?
Cascio, J. L., & Plant, E. A. (2014) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2014.09.009 · Cited by 110
Howell, R. (2010) · Global Environmental Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2010.09.004 · Cited by 122
Powers, T. A., Koestner, R., & Topciu, R. A. (2005) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167204272311 · Cited by 117
Buehler, R., Griffin, D. W., & Peetz, J. (2010) · Advances in experimental social psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(10)43001-4 · Cited by 110
Procrastinators lack a broad action perspective
Dewitte, S., & Lens, W. (2000) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0984(200003/04)14:2 · Cited by 109
Pre- versus postdecisional deliberation and goal commitment: The positive effects of defensiveness
Nenkov, G. Y., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2011) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2011.08.002 · Cited by 108
Self-citationvan Osch, L., Lechner, L., Reubsaet, A., & de Vries, H. (2009) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870440802642155 · Cited by 107
Social-cognitive predictors of dietary behaviors in South Korean men and women
Renner, B., Kwon, S., Yang, B., Paik, K.-C., Kim, S. H., Roh, S., Song, J., & Schwarzer, R. (2008) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf03003068 · Cited by 107
Changing Behavior Using the Health Action Process Approach
Schwarzer, R., & Hamilton, K. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.007 · Cited by 114
Rabinovich, A., & Webley, P. (2006) · Journal of Economic Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.joep.2006.09.002 · Cited by 107
Long, A. C. J., Sanetti, L. M. H., Collier‐Meek, M. A., Gallucci, J., Altschaefl, M., & Kratochwill, T. R. (2016) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2015.12.002 · Cited by 107
Bridging the intention–behavior gap: Inducing implementation intentions through persuasive appeals
Fennis, B. M., Adriaanse, M. A., Stroebe, W., & Pol, B. (2011) · Journal of Consumer Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jcps.2010.12.003 · Cited by 119
Extensional versus Intuitive Reasoning
Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. J. (2002) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511808098.003 · Cited by 111
Effects of an implementation intention-based intervention on fruit consumption
Armitage, C. J. (2007) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/14768320601070662 · Cited by 105
Stress prevention through a time management training intervention: an experimental study
Häfner, A., Stock, A., Pinneker, L., & Ströhle, S. (2013) · Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/01443410.2013.785065 · Cited by 104
Athletic Identity and Its Relation to Exercise Behavior: Scale Development and Initial Validation
Anderson, C. B. (2004) · Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsep.26.1.39 · Cited by 104
Internet-based cognitive—behavior therapy for procrastination: A randomized controlled trial.
Rozental, A., Forsell, E., Svensson, A., Andersson, G., & Carlbring, P. (2015) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000023 · Cited by 103
Implementation Intentions Facilitate Response Inhibition in Children with ADHD
Gawrilow, C., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2008) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-007-9150-1 · Cited by 103
Self-citationSelf‐regulation of consumer decision making and behavior: The role of implementation intentions
Gollwitzer, P. M., & Sheeran, P. (2009) · Journal of Consumer Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jcps.2009.08.004 · Cited by 111
Self-citationShah, J. Y., & Kruglanski, A. W. (2000) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012109890-2/50033-0 · Cited by 109
Entrepreneurship education pedagogy: teacher-student-centred paradox
Ismail, A. B., Sawang, S., & Zolin, R. (2018) · Education + Training · doi:10.1108/et-07-2017-0106 · Cited by 102
Brickell, T. A., Chatzisarantis, N. L. D., & Pretty, G. M. H. (2006) · British Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1348/135910705x52471 · Cited by 102
Too Much of a Good Thing: The Benefits of Implementation Intentions Depend on the Number of Goals
Dalton, A. N., & Spiller, S. A. (2012) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/664500 · Cited by 104
Noordzij, G., van Hooft, E. A. J., van Mierlo, H., van Dam, A., & Born, M. P. (2012) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/peps.12011 · Cited by 111
Committing to implementation intentions: Attention and memory effects for selected situational cues
Achtziger, A., Bayer, U. C., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2011) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-011-9261-6 · Cited by 110
Self-citationDevelopment and validation of a motivational persistence scale
Constantin, T., Holman, A., & Hojbotă, M. A. (2012) · Psihologija · doi:10.2298/psi1202099c · Cited by 74
Frederick, S. (2002) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511808098.032 · Cited by 103
Bargh, J. A., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2010) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470561119.socpsy001008 · Cited by 105
Self-citationMotivation und Volition im Handlungsverlauf
Achtziger, A., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2010) · Springer-Lehrbuch · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-12693-2_12 · Cited by 98
Self-citationDisentangling motivation, intention, and planning in the physical activity domain
Rhodes, R. E., Blanchard, C. M., Matheson, D. H., & Coble, J. D. (2005) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2005.08.011 · Cited by 97
Motivations: The Entrepreneurial Mind and Behavior
Carsrud, A. L., Brännback, M. E., Elfving, J., & Brandt, K. (2009) · International studies in entrepreneurship · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0443-0_7 · Cited by 97
Verhoeven, A. A. C., Adriaanse, M. A., de Vet, E., Fennis, B. M., & de Ridder, D. T. D. (2014) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870446.2014.950658 · Cited by 95
Tudor, T. L., Barr, S. W., & Gilg, A. W. (2006) · Resources Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2006.06.009 · Cited by 95
Planning in organizations: Performance as a multi-level phenomenon
Mumford, M. D., Schultz, R. A., & Osburn, H. K. (2004) · Research in multi-level issues · doi:10.1016/s1475-9144(02)01026-3 · Cited by 95
Looking Forward, Looking Backward: From Entrepreneurial Cognition to Neuroentrepreneurship
Krueger, N. F., & Day, M. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1191-9_13 · Cited by 95
Internet-based exercise intervention systems: Are more interactive designs better?
Hurling, R., Fairley, B. W., & Dias, M. B. (2006) · Psychology & Health · doi:10.1080/14768320600603257 · Cited by 94
Reducing fat intake using implementation intentions: A meta‐analytic review
Vilà, I., Bosch, I. C., & Palomo, R. R. (2017) · British Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjhp.12230 · Cited by 94
VanderDrift, L. E., Agnew, C. R., & Wilson, J. E. (2009) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167209337543 · Cited by 93
Marcus, A. C., Mason, M. A., Wolfe, P., Rimer, B. K., Lipkus, I. M., Strecher, V. J., Warneke, R. M., Morra, M. E., Allen, A. R., Davis, S. W., et al. (2005) · Journal of Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10810730500257754 · Cited by 93
Similar Psychological Distance Reduces Temporal Discounting
Kim, H., Schnall, S., & White, M. P. (2013) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167213488214 · Cited by 99
The effect of implementation intentions on prospective memory performance across the lifespan
Zimmermann, T. D., & Meier, B. (2009) · Applied Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1002/acp.1576 · Cited by 91
Sherkat, A., & Chenari, A. (2020) · Studies in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/03075079.2020.1732906 · Cited by 91
Bieleke, M., Keller, L., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2021) · European Review of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/10463283.2020.1808936 · Cited by 83
Self-citationImplementation intentions and disengagement from a failing course of action
Henderson, M. D., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Oettingen, G. (2006) · Journal of Behavioral Decision Making · doi:10.1002/bdm.553 · Cited by 91
Self-citationThe calibration of expert judgment: heuristics and biases beyond the laboratory
Koehler, D. J., Brenner, L., & Griffin, D. (2002) · Heuristics and Biases · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511808098.041 · Cited by 146
Boosting scholastic test scores by willpower: The role of implementation intentions
Bayer, U. C., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2006) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298860600662056 · Cited by 90
Self-citationNew Ways to Make People Save: A Social Marketing Approach
Lusardi, A., Keller, P. A., & Keller, A. M. (2009) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w14715 · Cited by 90
Influencing Financial Behavior: From Changing Minds to Changing Contexts
Dolan, P., Elliott, A., Metcalfe, R., & Vlaev, I. (2012) · Journal of Behavioral Finance · doi:10.1080/15427560.2012.680995 · Cited by 94
Dholakia, U. M., & Bagozzi, R. P. (2002) · Journal of Behavioral Decision Making · doi:10.1002/bdm.408 · Cited by 88
Errors in Creative Thought? Cognitive Biases in a Complex Processing Activity
Mumford, M. D., Blair, C., Dailey, L. R., Leritz, L. E., & Osburn, H. K. (2006) · The Journal of Creative Behavior · doi:10.1002/j.2162-6057.2006.tb01267.x · Cited by 87
Thompson, D. V., Hamilton, R. W., & Petrova, P. (2009) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/599325 · Cited by 92
The structure and substance of intrinsic motivation
Shah, J. Y., & Kruglanski, A. W. (2000) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012619070-0/50027-1 · Cited by 89
Motivation and Volition in the Course of Action
Achtziger, A., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2018) · Motivation and Action · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-65094-4_12 · Cited by 104
Self-citationWang, H., Li, J., Mangmeechai, A., & Su, J. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18062910 · Cited by 97
The Fewer the Better: Number of Goals and Savings Behavior
Soman, D., & Zhao, M. (2011) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1509/jmr.10.0250 · Cited by 93
Implementation intentions and the willful pursuit of prosocial goals in negotiations
Trötschel, R., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2006) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2006.06.002 · Cited by 87
Self-citationPapies, E. K. (2017) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/spc3.12323 · Cited by 97
Webb, T. L., Christian, J., & Armitage, C. J. (2007) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2007.03.001 · Cited by 84
Strategic regulation of mimicry effects by implementation intentions
Wieber, F., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Sheeran, P. (2014) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2014.02.002 · Cited by 83
Self-citationBrandstätter, V., Heimbeck, D., Malzacher, J., & Fresé, M. (2003) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/13594320344000011 · Cited by 88
Self-citationSexual Offenders' Implicit Planning: A Conceptual Model
Ward, T. J., & Hudson, S. M. (2000) · Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1177/107906320001200303 · Cited by 83
Metadata
- Authors
- Gollwitzer, P. M., & Brandstätter, V.
- Affiliations
- University of Konstanz (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Gollwitzer, Peter M.
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 1997-07
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 186-199
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- OpenAlex
- W2158545087
- Cited by
- 1,343
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 68 · 2020: 90 · 2019: 66 · 2018: 54 · 2017: 60 · 2016: 56 · 2015: 53 · 2014: 68 · 2013: 44 · 2012: 60
- FWCI
- 34.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- nbn-resolving.de
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- KOPS (University of Konstanz) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Grit, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Keywords
- implementation intentions, goal intentions, goal pursuit, self-regulation, goal-directed behavior, task completion
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
