Cited by 407Perfectionism, Procrastination, Anxiety StudiesAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesPersonality Traits and Psychology

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Psychological distress and the frequency of perfectionistic thinking.

Flett, Gordon L., Hewitt, Paul L., Blankstein, Kirk R., Gray, Lisa·1998·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

DOI 10.1037/0022-3514.75.5.1363

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Abstract

Five studies tested the hypotheses that there are individual differences in the frequency of automatic thoughts involving perfectionism and that these thoughts are associated with psychological distress. Research with the Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory (PCI) established that this new measure has adequate psychometric properties, and high PCI scorers tend to spontaneously report perfectionistic thoughts in naturalistic situations. Additional research confirmed that frequent perfectionism thoughts account for unique variance in distress, over and above variance predicted by standard measures of negative automatic thoughts and trait perfectionism measures. Overall, the findings support the view that personality traits involved in depression and anxiety have a cognitive component involving ruminative thoughts and that activation of this cognitive personality component contributes to distress.

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Authors: Flett, G. L., Hewitt, P. L., Blankstein, K. R., & Gray, L.
Affiliations: York University (CA)
ORCID: Flett, Gordon L.
Hewitt, Paul L.
Venue: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1998
Volume: 75
Issue: 5
Pages: 1363-1381
ISSN: 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
1939-1315
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.75.5.1363
OpenAlex: W4240137468
Cited by: 405
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 19
FWCI: 3.58
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Perfectionism, Procrastination, Anxiety Studies
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Keywords: psychological distress, perfectionism
MeSH terms: Adult, Mental Disorders, Defense Mechanisms, Female, Humans, Internal-External Control, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Admission, Personality Inventory, Reference Values, Stress, Psychological, Thinking

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Psychological distress and the frequency of perfectionistic thinking.

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