Cited by 390Team Dynamics and PerformanceSocial and Intergroup PsychologyCognitive Abilities and Testing

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Groups perform better than the best individuals on letters-to-numbers problems: Effects of group size.

Laughlin, Patrick R., Hatch, Erin C., Silver, Jonathan S., Boh, Lee·2006·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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Abstract

Individuals and groups of 2, 3, 4, or 5 people solved 2 letters-to-numbers problems that required participants, on each trial, to identify the coding of 10 letters to 10 numbers by proposing an equation in letters, receiving the answer in letters, proposing a hypothesis, and receiving feedback on the correctness of the hypothesis. Groups of 3, 4, and 5 people proposed more complex equations and had fewer trials to solution than the best of an equivalent number of individuals. Groups of 3, 4, and 5 people had fewer trials to solution than 2-person groups but did not differ from each other. These results suggest that 3-person groups are necessary and sufficient to perform better than the best individuals on highly intellective problems.

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Authors: Laughlin, P. R., Hatch, E. C., Silver, J. S., & Boh, L.
Affiliations: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
Venue: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2006
Volume: 90
Issue: 4
Pages: 644-651
ISSN: 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
1939-1315
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.90.4.644
OpenAlex: W2125970110
Cited by: 390
References: 47
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 20
FWCI: 13.83
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Team Dynamics and Performance
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
Keywords: group problem solving, group size, hypothesis testing, feedback, group versus individual performance
MeSH terms: Analysis of Variance, Cooperative Behavior, Group Processes, Humans, Illinois, Problem Solving

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Groups perform better than the best individuals on letters-to-numbers problems: Effects of group size.

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