The DOI matches its Crossref record; 103 of the 104 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The relation between group cohesiveness and performance: An integration.
Abstract
Abstract : This paper reports on a meta-analytic integration of the relation between group cohesiveness and performance. Overall, the cohesiveness-performance effect was highly significant and of small magnitude. Several theoretically informative determinants of the cohesiveness-performance effect were examined. This effect was significantly stronger when cohesiveness was operationalized in terms of measurements of group members' perceptions of cohesiveness than when cohesiveness was operationalized in terms of experimental inductions of cohesiveness. The results of this analysis suggest that the more direct effect may be from performance to cohesiveness rather than from cohesiveness to performance. Discussion considers the implications of these results for future research on the relation between cohesiveness and performance.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“For example, there is robust evidence that cohesion contributes to performance, productivity, and behavioral change15,20–23.”
From Physiological and Behavioral Synchrony Predict Group Cohesion and Performance (2020) · cites this paper as [22]
Citations
Cites
Meta-Analytic Procedures for Social Research.
Metcalfe, A., & Rosenthal, R. (1994) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series D (The Statistician) · doi:10.2307/2348600 · Cited by 4,249
Review of personality and social psychology
Wheeler, L. S., & Shaver, P. R. (1980) · UMI Books on Demand · Cited by 3,593
Attention and Self-Regulation : A Control-Theory Approach to Human Behavior
Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1981) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,580
Informal social communication.
Festinger, L. (1950) · Research Center for Dynamics Institute for Social Research eBooks · doi:10.1037/10646-001 · Cited by 1,317
Ingroup bias as a function of salience, relevance, and status: An integration
Mullen, B. R., Brown, R. J., & Smith, C. (1992) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.2420220202 · Cited by 1,295
Self-citationDeviation, rejection and communication
Schachter, S. (1951) · The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0062326 · Cited by 1,165
Social Pressures in Informal Groups, a Study of Human Factors in Housing
Keller, M., Festinger, L., Schachter, S., & Back, K. W. (1952) · The Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly · doi:10.2307/3348388 · Cited by 1,103
Mullen, B. R., & Goethals, G. R. (1987) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-4634-3 · Cited by 985
Self-citationProgress In Small Group Research
Levine, J. M., & Moreland, R. L. (1990) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.41.020190.003101 · Cited by 946
George, J. M., & Bettenhausen, K. L. (1990) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.75.6.698 · Cited by 914
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 104 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 801–900 of 1,000
Kring, J. P. (2004) · Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research · Cited by 8
Tognazzo, A., & Mazzurana, P. A. M. (2017) · Journal of Entrepreneurship Management and Innovation · doi:10.7341/20171324 · Cited by 8
Multikulturelle Arbeitsgruppen
Podsiadlowski, A. (2002) · Zeitschrift für Sozialpsychologie · doi:10.1024//0044-3514.33.4.241 · Cited by 8
A Work Psychological Model that Works: Expanding the Job Demands-Resources Model
Xanthopoulou, D. (2002) · EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) · Cited by 8
Multiple interdependencies and workgroup effectiveness
Rispens, S. (2006) · Leiden Repository (Leiden University) · Cited by 8
The effects of interpersonal communication style on task performance and well being
Taylor, H. H. (2007) · OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique) · Cited by 8
Dalenberg, S. (2017) · Radboud Repository (Radboud University) · Cited by 8
Twomey, C., & Dowling, C. (2025) · International journal of group psychotherapy · doi:10.1080/00207284.2025.2456020 · Cited by 6
Xiao, X., Chen, Y., & Liu, C. (2025) · International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics · doi:10.1016/j.ergon.2025.103824 · Cited by 7
Reimagining HR Practices to Attract and Engage Gig Talent: An Organisational Perspective
Unnikrishnan, P., & Baral, R. (2023) · NHRD Network Journal · doi:10.1177/26314541231170433 · Cited by 7
Tchokoté, I. D., & Bawack, R. E. (2024) · Theoretical Economics Letters · doi:10.4236/tel.2024.142024 · Cited by 9
The development and validation of an organizational cohesion inventory
Li, H., & Zhang, M. (2010) · Frontiers of Business Research in China · doi:10.1007/s11782-010-0115-y · Cited by 7
Chiocchio, F., & Forgues, D. (2008) · Revue internationale des technologies en pédagogie universitaire · doi:10.7202/039172ar · Cited by 8
Social Network Cohesion among Veterans Living in Recovery Homes
Guerrero, M., & Jason, L. A. (2020) · Military Behavioral Health · doi:10.1080/21635781.2020.1796859 · Cited by 8
A conceptual framework of transformational leadership as an influential tool in the team performance
Islami, X., & Mulolli, E. (2020) · European Journal of Management Issues · doi:10.15421/192002 · Cited by 9
Use of Technology in the Study of Team-Interaction and Performance
Sjøvold, E., Olsen, T. R., & Heldal, F. (2022) · Small Group Research · doi:10.1177/10464964211069328 · Cited by 7
Yang, Z. (2022) · Social Science Computer Review · doi:10.1177/08944393221087668 · Cited by 7
Marcos, F. M. L., Fernández‐Río, J., González, J. J. P., Saiz-González, P., & López-Gajardo, M. Á. (2022) · Social Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s11218-022-09738-y · Cited by 7
Review of drivers of teamwork for construction health and safety
Shaikh, A. Y., Osei‐Kyei, R., Hardie, M., & Stevens, M. (2023) · International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation · doi:10.1108/ijbpa-08-2022-0136 · Cited by 9
Limon, M. S., & Boster, F. J. (2003) · Communication Research Reports · doi:10.1080/08824090309388795 · Cited by 7
Coakley, L. A., & Sousa, K. J. (2013) · Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning · Cited by 7
Cohesion and Trauma: An Examination of a Collegiate Women's Volleyball Team
Fletcher, T. B., & Meyer, B. B. (2009) · The Journal of Humanistic Counseling Education and Development · doi:10.1002/j.2161-1939.2009.tb00077.x · Cited by 7
Salisbury, W. D., Parent, M., & Chin, W. W. (2007) · Group Decision and Negotiation · doi:10.1007/s10726-007-9096-4 · Cited by 7
Investigating antecedents of task commitment and task attraction in service learning team projects
Schaffer, B. S., & Manegold, J. G. (2018) · Journal of Education for Business · doi:10.1080/08832323.2018.1457620 · Cited by 7
La communication et le succès des équipes interdisciplinaires
Bouchard, M. S.-C., & Saint-Charles, J. (2018) · Communiquer Revue de communication sociale et publique · doi:10.4000/communiquer.2917 · Cited by 7
The Role of Culture and Personality in the Leadership Process in Virtual Teams
Gallenkamp, J. V., Picot, A. O., Welpe, I. M., Wigand, R. T., & Riedl, B. C. (2011) · Cited by 7
Team Effectiveness in Indian Organizations: A Comparative Analysis of Public and Private Sector
Verma, N., Rangnekar, S., & Barua, M. K. (2012) · Delhi Business Review · doi:10.51768/dbr.v13i2.132201216 · Cited by 11
Lahiguera, C. P., Abad, A. Z., & Silla, J. M. P. (2009) · PubMed · Cited by 7
Team Performance and Human Values
Fisher, S. G., Macrosson, W. D. K., & Yusuff, M. R. (1996) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/pr0.1996.79.3.1019 · Cited by 7
Exploring Reputation Differences in Information Systems Groups
Powell, A., & Yager, S. E. (2004) · Journal of Information Technology Case and Application Research · doi:10.1080/15228053.2004.10856041 · Cited by 7
Jonas, K. W., & Lebherz, C. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-71633-4_15 · Cited by 7
Emergent Phenomena in Multiteam Systems: An Examination of Between-Team Cohesion
Dirosa, G. A. (2013) · doi:10.13021/mars/5455 · Cited by 7
The role of mental toughness, psychological skills and team cohesion in soccer performance
Asamoah, B. (2013) · SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University) · Cited by 7
Personality and team effectiveness
Hardy, J., Benson, A. J., & Boulter, M. W. (2020) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315187259-31 · Cited by 7
The power of fragmented elites: the role of inadvertent robust action
Mizruchi, M., & Chu, J. S. G. (2025) · Theory and society · doi:10.1007/s11186-025-09617-3 · Cited by 6
Collaborative learning approach to teach computer coding in informal spaces
Chang-Tik, C., & Dhaliwal, J. (2021) · Learning Research and Practice · doi:10.1080/23735082.2021.1953571 · Cited by 6
Hong, J., Tsai, C.-R., & Tai, K. (2021) · Research in Science & Technological Education · doi:10.1080/02635143.2021.1994383 · Cited by 6
The larger, the fitter, the better: clans' evolution, social capital and effectiveness
Li, Y., Bartley, N., Sun, J., & Williams, D. C. (2022) · Internet Research · doi:10.1108/intr-04-2021-0260 · Cited by 6
Predicting social and personal attraction in task groups
Henningsen, D. D., Henningsen, M. L. M., & Booth, P. (2013) · Groupwork · doi:10.1921/1701230105 · Cited by 6
Increase Team Cohesion by Playing Cooperative Video Games
Andérson, G. S. (2015) · Cited by 6
Deng, G., Zhang, J., & Fan, Z. (2020) · Nankai Business Review International · doi:10.1108/nbri-11-2019-0059 · Cited by 7
Busch, M. W., & Lorenz, M. (2010) · Gabler Verlag eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-8349-8856-0_11 · Cited by 7
Heo, K., Kim, J.-P., & Shin, Y.-J. (2014) · Journal of Navigation and Port Research · doi:10.5394/kinpr.2014.38.5.527 · Cited by 6
A Model for Managing Uncertainty on the Cloud
Farah, B. N. (2013) · Cited by 6
Hoffart, G. C., Larson, N., O’Neill, T., McLarnon, M. J. W., Eggermont, M., Brennan, B., & Rosehart, B. (2015) · ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition · doi:10.18260/p.24026 · Cited by 6
Schmidt, C., Temple, B. K., McCready, A., Newman, J., & Kinzler, S. C. (2008) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9780230593978_5 · Cited by 6
Bury, P. (2018) · Defence Studies · doi:10.1080/14702436.2018.1511373 · Cited by 6
da Silva, M. M., Freire, A., Perkusich, M., Gorgônio, K., de Almeida, H. O., & Perkusich, Â. (2020) · Brazilian Symposium on Software Engineering · doi:10.1145/3422392.3422397 · Cited by 6
Fatigue in Aeromedicine: An Exploration of Team Cohesion as a Countermeasure against Adverse Events
Nosker, J., Lassen, M. K., & Cornelius, A. (2021) · The International Journal of Aerospace Psychology · doi:10.1080/24721840.2021.1931227 · Cited by 7
Xu, S. T., Martinez, L. R., & Hoof, H. B. V. (2021) · Cornell Hospitality Quarterly · doi:10.1177/19389655211022661 · Cited by 6
Barile, S., Riolli, L. T., & Hysa, X. (2016) · Systems Research and Behavioral Science · doi:10.1002/sres.2418 · Cited by 6
Examining the Association Between Group Cohesion and Group Performance in the Co-Operative Movement
Harun, M. Z. M., Chin, O., & Shah, M. (2015) · Cited by 6
Röcker, C. (2012) · RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen) · Cited by 6
Research: The Quantitative Integration of Research: An Introduction to Meta-Analysis
Lynn, M., & Mullen, B. R. (1997) · Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research · doi:10.1177/109634809702100109 · Cited by 6
Self-citationMultilevel Issues in Supply Chain Management
Oosterhuis, M., Molleman, E., & van der Vaart, T. (2005) · Physica-Verlag eBooks · doi:10.1007/3-7908-1636-1_19 · Cited by 6
Brown, P. (2002) · Academia/Industry Working Conference on Research Challenges (AIWORC) · doi:10.1109/aiworc.2000.843266 · Cited by 6
Das soziale Kapital von Arbeitsgruppen und die Nebenfolgen seiner Verwertung
Moldaschl, M. F. (2005) · Gruppe Interaktion Organisation Zeitschrift für Angewandte Organisationspsychologie (GIO) · doi:10.1007/s11612-005-0125-y · Cited by 6
Situational Influences on Team Helping Norms: Case Study of a Self-directed Team
Duimering, P. R., & Robinson, R. B. (2007) · Journal of Behavioral and Applied Management · doi:10.21818/001c.16779 · Cited by 6
Michalisin, M. D., Karau, S. J., & Conrad, E. D. (2011) · Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) · doi:10.19030/jabr.v22i3.1430 · Cited by 6
Perfiles de grupalidad de unidades laborales en organizaciones burocráticas profesionales
Cortés, N. R. (1998) · International Journal of Social Psychology Revista de Psicología Social · doi:10.1174/021347498760350777 · Cited by 6
Gruppenarbeit in der Produktion
Schaper, N. (2014) · Springer-Lehrbuch · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-41130-4_23 · Cited by 6
A Theory OF Intraunit Justice Climate and Team Effectiveness
Hong-cai, L. (2008) · UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona) · Cited by 6
Sellers, J. (2013) · UC Research Repository (University of Canterbury) · doi:10.26021/8145 · Cited by 6
Reserve Component Unit Stability: Effects on Deployability and Training
Lippiatt, T. F., & Polich, J. M. (2010) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e647532010-001 · Cited by 6
Balzano, M., Bunjak, A., & Bortoluzzi, G. (2024) · European Management Review · doi:10.1111/emre.12684 · Cited by 6
Student Perceptions Regarding Group Learning Activities in a Hybrid Medical Curriculum
AlSheikh, M. H., & Iqbal, M. Z. (2019) · Medical Science Educator · doi:10.1007/s40670-019-00817-y · Cited by 5
Shah, H., Jain, S., & Jain, V. (2022) · Benchmarking An International Journal · doi:10.1108/bij-11-2020-0581 · Cited by 12
Belongingness & Sport : A theoretical framework to conceptualize belonging with athletes
Slaten, C. D., Klotthor, N., Lewis, C., & Lee, J. (2023) · Journal of Belonging and Human Connection · doi:10.1163/27722856-bja10001 · Cited by 5
A Theoretically Based Approach to Cognitive Readiness and Situation Awareness Assessment
Bolstad, C. A., Endsley, M. R., & Cuevas, H. M. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-7579-8_9 · Cited by 5
The effects of a psychological skills training program on the cohesion of a men's soccer team
Papanikolaou, Z., Voutselas, V., Mantis, K., & Laparidis, K. (2012) · Cited by 5
Effort in the face of difference: Feeling like a non‐prototypical group member motivates effort
Okimoto, T. G., & Wrzesniewski, A. (2012) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.1877 · Cited by 7
A Multiplayer Team Performance Task
Emurian, H. H., Canfield, G. C., Roma, P. G., Brinson, Z. S., Gasior, E. D., Hienz, R. D., Hursh, S. R., & Brady, J. V. (2011) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-60960-567-4.ch013 · Cited by 5
Social Network Analysis as a Complimentary Tool to Measuring Team Cohesion
Anderson, A. J., & NC DOCKS at East Carolina University (2017) · The Scholarship East Carolina University's Institutional Repository (East Carolina University) · Cited by 5
Relations of Attachment Styles and Group Cohesion in Premier League Female Volleyball Players
Tiryaki, M. Ş., & Çepikkurt, F. (2007) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.104.1.69-78 · Cited by 5
Systemic Awareness Modeling: A Synthesis of Strategic HR Decision-Making Practices
Johnson, L. U., Bok, C. J., Bisbey, T. M., & Witt, L. A. (2017) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/s0742-730120170000035008 · Cited by 5
Polga–Hecimovich, J., Carey, J. M., & Horiuchi, Y. (2019) · Armed Forces & Society · doi:10.1177/0095327x18824665 · Cited by 5
Dimas, I. D., Rebelo, T., Lourenço, P. R., & Rocha, H. (2019) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-24302-9_4 · Cited by 5
Healthcare Quality and Hospital Financial Performance: A Multilevel Framework
Chakraborty, S. (2020) · Operations and Supply Chain Management An International Journal · doi:10.31387/oscm0420265 · Cited by 10
Waight, C. L., & Edwards, M. T. (2020) · Human Resource Development Quarterly · doi:10.1002/hrdq.21419 · Cited by 7
A Brief Measure of Work Environment for Human Service Organizations
Janczewski, C. E., Mersky, J. P., & Lee, C. P. (2021) · Human Services Organizations Management Leadership & Governance · doi:10.1080/23303131.2021.1915438 · Cited by 5
The effects of group decision-making on social preferences: An experimental study
Tan, C. H. Y. (2021) · Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization · doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2021.07.024 · Cited by 5
Tie Formation and Cohesiveness in a Loosely Organized Group: Knitting Together
Palmer, D., & Kawakami, A. (2014) · The Qualitative Report · doi:10.46743/2160-3715/2014.1015 · Cited by 5
Сидоренков, А. В., & Borokhovski, E. (2023) · Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s12124-023-09769-w · Cited by 6
Managing teams: comparing organizational and sport psychological approaches to teamwork.
Barker, D. M., Rossi, T., & Pühse, U. (2010) · QUT ePrints (Queensland University of Technology) · Cited by 5
The Relation Between Group-Level Characteristics and Group Cohesion
Salo, M. (2008) · Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) · Cited by 5
Leading Multicultural Teams in the PR China
Meckl, R., & Johanning, M. (2013) · American Journal of Industrial and Business Management · doi:10.4236/ajibm.2013.31007 · Cited by 5
Capital social y redes sociales: analisis del Tercer Sector en contextos rurales
Gil, M. I. S., Almaguer-Kalixto, P. E., & Quintero, J. D. G. (2018) · CIRIEC-España revista de economía pública social y cooperativa · doi:10.7203/ciriec-e.86.8119 · Cited by 5
Systematic review on employee engagement and its impact on employee retention
Pareek, A., Mohanty, S. S., & Mangaraj, S. (2019) · Training & Development Journal · doi:10.5958/2231-069x.2019.00013.1 · Cited by 5
Rese, A., & Baier, D. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-22128-6_2 · Cited by 5
The language of bias: A linguistic approach to understanding intergroup relations
Roberson, Q. M., Bell, B. S., & Porter, S. C. (2008) · Research on managing groups and teams · doi:10.1016/s1534-0856(08)11012-x · Cited by 6
Who Prefers to Work with Whom? Trait Activation in Classroom Teams
Anderson, M., & Tett, R. P. (2006) · Cited by 5
Predicting Team Output Using Indices at Group Level
Andrés, A., Salafranca, L., & Solanas, A. (2011) · The Spanish Journal of Psychology · doi:10.5209/rev_sjop.2011.v14.n2.25 · Cited by 5
Sense of place in outdoor-pursuits trip groups
Todd, S., Young, A., Anderson, L. S., O’Connell, T. S., & Breunig, M. C. (2009) · Cited by 5
THE STUDY AND MEASUREMENT OF HUMAN PERFORMANCE BY MILITARY SERVICE LABORATORIES
Redden, E. S., SHEEHY, J., & BJORKMAN, C. (2004) · Advances in human performance and cognitive engineering research · doi:10.1016/s1479-3601(04)05011-8 · Cited by 5
Initial Development of a Team Viability Measure
Cooperstein, J. N. (2017) · Digital Commons-DePaul (DePaul University) · Cited by 6
Assessing The Factors That Have An Impact On Stickiness In Online Game Communities.
Pahnila, S., & Warsta, J. (2012) · Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems · Cited by 5
The Quantitative Integration of Research: An Introduction to Meta-Analysis
Lynn, M., & Mullen, B. R. (1997) · Cornell Peter and Stephanie Nolan School of Hotel Administration (Cornell University) · Cited by 5
Self-citationGroup Dynamics Processes for Improved Decision Making
Phillips, L. D. (2010) · Wiley Encyclopedia of Operations Research and Management Science · doi:10.1002/9780470400531.eorms0368 · Cited by 5
Richardson, J. (2011) · Aston Publications Explorer (Aston University) · doi:10.48780/publications.aston.ac.uk.00019292 · Cited by 5
Metadata
- Authors
- Mullen, B., & Copper, C.
- Affiliations
- Syracuse University (US)
- ORCID
- Mullen, Brian
- Venue
- Psychological Bulletin
- Published
- 1994-03
- Volume
- 115
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 210-227
- ISSN
- 0033-2909 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1455
- OpenAlex
- W1980511580
- Cited by
- 1,398
- References
- 104
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 56 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 66 · 2015: 82 · 2014: 63 · 2013: 61 · 2012: 75
- FWCI
- 30.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Team Dynamics and Performance
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
- Keywords
- group cohesion, group performance
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review