Repeated exposure to stress across the childhood-adolescent period alters rats' anxiety-and depression-like behaviors in adulthood: The importance of stressor type and gender
Abstract
This research tests the hypothesis that specific forms of adversity in early life map onto behavioral signs analogous to depression versus anxiety in later life. Male and female rats were exposed to either severe sporadic stress or chronic mild stress during the childhood-adolescent period, and their behavior was tested in adulthood. Males in the severe sporadic stress group showed exaggerated anxiety-related behaviors, as indicated by increases in shock-probe burying and escape-like responses (jumps) from the open arms of the elevated plus-maze. Females exposed to severe sporadic stress displayed no change in burying behavior but did display increases in escape behavior. These same females also exhibited behaviors analogous to depression that manifested as decreased sucrose consumption. The chronic mild stress regime produced effects only in females, including reduced burying, decreased sucrose consumption, and an exaggerated corticosterone response to cold-water immersion stress. Findings reiterate the importance of early life experience to the development of adult psychopathologies and emphasize the need to consider both the type of early experience and gender differences in these analyses.
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Adolescent female rats given variable stressors later consume less sucrose, whereas males do not.
“there is some indication that female rats exposed to variable stressors in adolescence (restraint, social defeat) demonstrate subsequent deficits in sucrose consumption (Bourke and Neigh, 2011; Pohl et al., 2007) while male animals do not (Bourke and Neigh, 2011; Novick et al., 2013; Pohl et al., 2007; Toth et al., 2008).”
From The effects of early life stress on reward processing (2018) · cites this paper as Pohl et al., 2007
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- Authors
- Pohl, J., Olmstead, M. C., Wynne-Edwards, K. E., Harkness, K., & Menard, J. L.
- Affiliations
- Queen's University (CA)
- Venue
- Behavioral Neuroscience
- Published
- 2007-06
- Volume
- 121
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 462-474
- ISSN
- 0735-7044 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-0084
- OpenAlex
- W2153795414
- Cited by
- 120
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 3.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Behavioral Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Queen's University
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- early life stress, anxiety-like behavior, depression-like behavior, chronic mild stress, sex differences, sucrose intake, burying behavior, elevated plus maze, rats
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Anxiety, Behavior, Animal, Body Weight, Corticosterone, Defense Mechanisms, Depression, Exploratory Behavior, Female, Food Preferences, Male, Radioimmunoassay, Sex Characteristics, Stress, Physiological, Maze Learning, Rats, Long-Evans, Rats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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