Cited by 365Eating Disorders and BehaviorsNutrition, Health and Food BehaviorAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

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Are dietary restraint scales valid measures of acute dietary restriction? Unobtrusive observational data suggest not

Stice, Eric, Fisher, Melissa, Lowe, Michael R.·2004·Psychological Assessment

DOI 10.1037/1040-3590.16.1.51

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Abstract

The finding that dietary restraint scales predict onset of bulimic pathology has been interpreted as suggesting that dieting causes this eating disturbance, despite the dearth of evidence that these scales are valid measures of dietary restriction. The authors conducted 4 studies that tested whether dietary restraint scales were inversely correlated with unobtrusively measured caloric intake. These studies, which varied in foods consumed, settings, and populations, indicated that common dietary restraint scales were largely uncorrelated with acute caloric intake. Results suggest that these scales are not valid measures of short-term dietary restriction and imply that it may be prudent to reinterpret findings from studies thai use these scales, including those that suggest dietary restraint is a risk factor for bulimic pathology.

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Authors: Stice, E., Fisher, M., & Lowe, M. R.
Affiliations: The University of Texas at Austin (US)
ORCID: Stice, Eric
Lowe, Michael R.
Venue: Psychological Assessment
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2004
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Pages: 51-59
ISSN: 1040-3590 (ISSN-L)
1939-134X
DOI: 10.1037/1040-3590.16.1.51
OpenAlex: W2147837561
Cited by: 364
References: 80
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 45 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 20
FWCI: 18.00
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Psychological Assessment (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r01mh050271-03)
National Institute of Mental Health (MH 01708, MH064560, MH 50271, K01MH001708, R01MH064560)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: dietary restriction, energy intake, scale validity, bulimia nervosa, dieting, eating disorders, unobtrusive measurement
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Bulimia, Energy Intake, Diet, Reducing, Female, Food Preferences, Humans, Middle Aged, Personality Assessment, Psychometrics, Social Environment, Students, Reproducibility of Results

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Are dietary restraint scales valid measures of acute dietary restriction? Unobtrusive observational data suggest not

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