Cited by 365Eating Disorders and BehaviorsNutrition, Health and Food BehaviorAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 87 of the 87 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Are dietary restraint scales valid measures of acute dietary restriction? Unobtrusive observational data suggest not

Stice, Eric, Fisher, Melissa, Lowe, Michael R.·2004·Psychological Assessment

DOI 10.1037/1040-3590.16.1.51

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The finding that dietary restraint scales predict onset of bulimic pathology has been interpreted as suggesting that dieting causes this eating disturbance, despite the dearth of evidence that these scales are valid measures of dietary restriction. The authors conducted 4 studies that tested whether dietary restraint scales were inversely correlated with unobtrusively measured caloric intake. These studies, which varied in foods consumed, settings, and populations, indicated that common dietary restraint scales were largely uncorrelated with acute caloric intake. Results suggest that these scales are not valid measures of short-term dietary restriction and imply that it may be prudent to reinterpret findings from studies thai use these scales, including those that suggest dietary restraint is a risk factor for bulimic pathology.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1037/1040-3590.16.1.51

Cites

87 of 87 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,845
The three-factor eating questionnaire to measure dietary restraint, disinhibition and hunger
Stunkard, A. J., & Messick, S. (1985) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3999(85)90010-8 · Cited by 4,687
Self-reports: How the questions shape the answers.
Schwarz, N. (1999) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.54.2.93 · Cited by 2,846
Relapse Prevention: Maintenance Strategies in the Treatment of Addictive Behaviors
Washton, A. M. (1986) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol · doi:10.15288/jsa.1986.47.260 · Cited by 2,531
Physiology and Behavior
Falk, J. L. (1973) · Contemporary Psychology · doi:10.1037/0011818 · Cited by 2,288
Dieting and binging: A causal analysis.
Polivy, J., & Herman, C. P. (1985) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.40.2.193 · Cited by 1,539
Restrained and unrestrained eating1
Herman, C. P., & Mack, D. (1975) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1975.tb00727.x · Cited by 1,295
Dieting and binging: A causal analysis.
Polivy, J., & Herman, C. P. (1985) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.40.2.193 · Cited by 1,279
A prospective test of the dual pathway model of bulimic pathology: mediating effects of dieting and negative affect
Stice, E. (2001) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.110.1.124 · Cited by 1,251 · cited 4×
“The finding that people with high scores on these scales gain more weight over time than people with low scores (French, Jeffery, Forster, et al., 1994; Klesges, Isbell, & Klesges, 1992; Klesges, Klem, & Bene, 1989; Stice, 2001; Stice, Cameron, Killen, Hayward, & Taylor, 1999) provides suggestive evidence that these s…”
BackgroundInfluential
Discrepancy between self-reported and actual caloric intake and exercise in obese subjects
Lichtman, S. W., Pisarska, K., Berman, E. R., Pestone, M., Dowling, H., Offenbacher, E., Weisel, H., Heshka, S., Matthews, D. E., & Heymsfield, S. B. (1992) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199212313272701 · Cited by 964

Show all 80 references

Research works printed but not linked: 7

Fairbum, 1997, Eating disorders., 209
Hawkins, 1984, Binge eating: Measurement problems and a conceptual model.
Hill, 1994, A weight on children's minds: Body shape dissatisfaction at 9 years old., International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders, 18, 383
Klesges, 1984, Personality and obesity: Global versus specific measures?, Behavioral Assessment, 6, 347
Spitzer, 1992, Binge eating disorder: A multisite field trial of the diagnostic criteria., The International Journal of Eating Disorders, 11, 191, 10.1002/1098-108X(199204)11:3<191::AID-EAT2260110302>3.0.CO;2-S · DOI
10.1037/0022-006X.70.3.510 · DOI
Wilson, 2002, The controversy over dieting., 93

Sorted by citations

The Intuitive Eating Scale–2: Item refinement and psychometric evaluation with college women and men.
Tylka, T. L., & Diest, A. M. K. V. (2013) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0030893 · Cited by 898
Hedonic hunger: A new dimension of appetite?
Lowe, M. R., & Butryn, M. L. (2007) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.04.006 · Cited by 739
Food cue reactivity and craving predict eating and weight gain: A meta-analytic review
Boswell, R. G., & Kober, H. (2016) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12354 · Cited by 703
A Meta-Analytic Review of Eating Disorder Prevention Programs: Encouraging Findings
Stice, E., Shaw, H., & Marti, C. N. (2007) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091447 · Cited by 544
Untitled work
(2013) · PubMed · Cited by 538
Development and validation of the Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory (EPSI).
Forbush, K. T., Wildes, J. E., Pollack, L. O., Dunbar, D., Luo, J., Patterson, K., Petruzzi, L. J., Pollpeter, M. J., Miller, H. L., Stone, A. M., et al. (2013) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/a0032639 · Cited by 506
Dissonance and healthy weight eating disorder prevention programs: Long-term effects from a randomized efficacy trial.
Stice, E. M., Marti, C. N., Spoor, S. T. P., Presnell, K. E., & Shaw, H. E. (2008) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.76.2.329 · Cited by 539
Feeding Your Feelings: Emotion Regulation Strategies and Emotional Eating
Evers, C., Stok, F. M., & de Ridder, D. T. D. (2010) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167210371383 · Cited by 503
Psychological and Behavioral Risk Factors for Obesity Onset in Adolescent Girls: A Prospective Study.
Stice, E. M., Presnell, K. E., Shaw, H. E., & Rohde, P. (2005) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.73.2.195 · Cited by 449
What is eating you? Stress and the drive to eat
Groesz, L. M., McCoy, S. K., Carl, J. R., Saslow, L. R., Stewart, J. A., Adler, N., Laraia, B. A., & Epel, E. S. (2011) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2011.11.028 · Cited by 393
Feeling bad or feeling good, does emotion affect your consumption of food? A meta‐analysis of the experimental evidence
Evers, C., Dingemans, A., Junghans, A., & Boevé, A. (2018) · Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.05.028 · Cited by 320
Dietary restraint and self-regulation in eating behavior
Johnson, F., Pratt, M., & Wardle, J. (2012) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2011.156 · Cited by 345
A 20-year longitudinal study of body weight, dieting, and eating disorder symptoms.
Keel, P. K., Baxter, M. G., Heatherton, T. F., & Joiner, T. E. (2007) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.116.2.422 · Cited by 309
Eating Motives and the Controversy over Dieting: Eating Less Than Needed versus Less Than Wanted
Lowe, M. R., & Levine, A. S. (2005) · Obesity Research · doi:10.1038/oby.2005.90 · Cited by 293
A prospective study of pressures from parents, peers, and the media on extreme weight change behaviors among adolescent boys and girls
McCabe, M. P., & Ricciardelli, L. A. (2004) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2004.05.004 · Cited by 280
Shared and unique mechanisms underlying binge eating disorder and addictive disorders
Schulte, E. M., Grilo, C. M., & Gearhardt, A. N. (2016) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2016.02.001 · Cited by 271
Intuitive eating and its psychological correlates: A meta‐analysis
Linardon, J., Tylka, T. L., & Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz, M. (2021) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.23509 · Cited by 301
Divergent neural substrates of inhibitory control in binge eating disorder relative to other manifestations of obesity
Balodis, I. M., Molina, N., Hedy Kober, A., Worhunsky, P. D., White, M. A., Sinha, R., Grilo, C. M., & Potenza, M. N. (2013) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.20068 · Cited by 245
Effortless inhibition: habit mediates the relation between self-control and unhealthy snack consumption
Adriaanse, M. A., Kroese, F. M., Gillebaart, M., & de Ridder, D. T. D. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00444 · Cited by 237
Multiple types of dieting prospectively predict weight gain during the freshman year of college
Lowe, M. R., Annunziato, R. A., Markowitz, J. T., Didie, E. R., Bellace, D. L., Riddell, L. J., Maillé, C. J., McKinney, S., & Stice, E. M. (2006) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2006.03.160 · Cited by 228
The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, body mass index, and responses to sweet and salty fatty foods: a twin study of genetic and environmental associations
Keskitalo, K., Tuorila, H., Spector, T. D., Cherkas, L. F., Knaapila, A., Kaprio, J., Silventoinen, K., & Perola, M. (2008) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/88.2.263 · Cited by 223
Weight gain, dietary restraint, and disordered eating in the freshman year of college
Delinsky, S. S., & Wilson, G. T. (2007) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2007.06.001 · Cited by 226
Risk factors and prodromal eating pathology.
Stice, E., Ng, J., & Shaw, H. (2010) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02212.x · Cited by 248
Fasting increases risk for onset of binge eating and bulimic pathology: A 5-year prospective study.
Stice, E. M., Davis, K. R., Miller, N. P., & Marti, C. N. (2008) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0013644 · Cited by 216
The Stice model of overeating: Tests in clinical and non-clinical samples
van Strien, T., Engels, R. C. M. E., van Leeuwe, J., & Snoek, H. M. (2005) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2005.08.004 · Cited by 214
Dietary restraint: What’s the harm? A review of the relationship between dietary restraint, weight trajectory and the development of eating pathology
Schaumberg, K., Anderson, D. A., Anderson, L. M., Reilly, E. E., & Gorrell, S. (2016) · Clinical Obesity · doi:10.1111/cob.12134 · Cited by 210
Using stop signals to inhibit chronic dieters’ responses toward palatable foods
Veling, H., Aarts, H., & Papies, E. K. (2011) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2011.08.005 · Cited by 207
Dissonance-based Interventions for the Prevention of Eating Disorders: Using Persuasion Principles to Promote Health
Stice, E. M., Shaw, H. E., Becker, C. B., & Rohde, P. (2008) · Prevention Science · doi:10.1007/s11121-008-0093-x · Cited by 208
Are dietary restraint scales valid measures of moderate- to long-term dietary restriction? Objective biological and behavioral data suggest not.
Stice, E. M., Cooper, J. A., Schoeller, D. A., Tappe, K. A., & Lowe, M. R. (2007) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.19.4.449 · Cited by 201
Overvaluation of shape and weight in binge eating disorder and overweight controls: Refinement of a diagnostic construct.
Grilo, C. M., Hrabosky, J. I., White, M. A., Allison, K. C., Stunkard, A. J., & Masheb, R. M. (2008) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.117.2.414 · Cited by 187
Dieting and the self‐control of eating in everyday environments: An experience sampling study
Hofmann, W., Adriaanse, M. A., Vohs, K. D., & Baumeister, R. F. (2013) · British Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjhp.12053 · Cited by 203
An effectiveness trial of a dissonance-based eating disorder prevention program for high-risk adolescent girls.
Stice, E. M., Rohde, P., Gau, J. M., & Shaw, H. E. (2009) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0016132 · Cited by 175
The I3 Model
Finkel, E. J. (2013) · Advances in experimental social psychology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800052-6.00001-9 · Cited by 180
Are dietary restraint scales valid measures of dietary restriction? Additional objective behavioral and biological data suggest not
Stice, E., Sysko, R., Roberto, C. A., & Allison, S. (2010) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2009.12.009 · Cited by 166
Dieting and restrained eating as prospective predictors of weight gain
Lowe, M. R., Doshi, S. D., Katterman, S. N., & Feig, E. H. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00577 · Cited by 184
Measurement of dietary restraint: Validity tests of four questionnaires
Williamson, D. A., Martin, C. K., York‐Crowe, E., Anton, S. D., Redman, L. M., Han, H., & Ravussin, É. (2006) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2006.08.066 · Cited by 165
Can we reduce eating disorder risk factors in female college athletes? A randomized exploratory investigation of two peer-led interventions
Becker, C. B., McDaniel, L., Bull, S., Powell, M., & McIntyre, K. (2012) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2011.09.005 · Cited by 163
Caloric deprivation increases responsivity of attention and reward brain regions to intake, anticipated intake, and images of palatable foods
Stice, E., Burger, K., & Yokum, S. (2013) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.11.028 · Cited by 162
High-restrained eaters only overeat when they are also impulsive
Jansen, A. T. M., Nederkoorn, C., van Baak, L., Keirse, C., Guerrieri, R., & Havermans, R. C. (2008) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.10.016 · Cited by 167
Treatment of obesity, with a dietary component, and eating disorder risk in children and adolescents: A systematic review with meta-analysis
Jebeile, H., Gow, M. L., Baur, L. A., Garnett, S. P., Paxton, S. J., & Lister, N. B. (2019) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12866 · Cited by 160
Chronic and acute effects of stress on energy balance: are there appropriate animal models?
Harris, R. B. S. (2014) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00361.2014 · Cited by 145
Approach bias and cue reactivity towards food in people with high versus low levels of food craving
Brockmeyer, T., Hahn, C., Reetz, C., Schmidt, U. H., & Friederich, H. (2015) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2015.07.013 · Cited by 141
Relation of dietary restraint scores to activation of reward-related brain regions in response to food intake, anticipated intake, and food pictures
Burger, K. S., & Stice, E. (2011) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.12.009 · Cited by 138
An evaluation of a body image intervention based on risk factors for body dissatisfaction: A controlled study with adolescent girls
Richardson, S. M., & Paxton, S. J. (2009) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.20682 · Cited by 136
Mood-induced eating. Interactive effects of restraint and tendency to overeat
Yeomans, M. R., & Coughlan, E. (2008) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2008.10.006 · Cited by 136
Loss of control over eating reflects eating disturbances and general psychopathology
Latner, J. D., Hildebrandt, T., Rosewall, J. K., Chisholm, A., & Hayashi, K. (2007) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2006.12.002 · Cited by 135
The Heritability of Eating Disorders: Methods and Current Findings
Thornton, L. M., Mazzeo, S. E., & Bulik, C. M. (2010) · Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2010_91 · Cited by 134
Assessing yourself as an emotional eater: Mission impossible?
Evers, C., de Ridder, D. T. D., & Adriaanse, M. A. (2009) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0016700 · Cited by 146
Internalization of the Ultra-Thin Ideal: Positive Implicit Associations with Underweight Fashion Models are Associated with Drive for Thinness in Young Women
Ahern, A. L., Bennett, K. M., & Hetherington, M. M. (2008) · Eating Disorders · doi:10.1080/10640260802115852 · Cited by 129
Contributions of mindful eating, intuitive eating, and restraint to BMI, disordered eating, and meal consumption in college students
Anderson, L. M., Reilly, E. E., Schaumberg, K., Dmochowski, S., & Anderson, D. A. (2015) · Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity · doi:10.1007/s40519-015-0210-3 · Cited by 128
Construct validation of the Restraint Scale in normal-weight and overweight females
van Strien, T., Herman, C. P., Engels, R. C. M. E., Larsen, J. K., & van Leeuwe, J. F. J. (2007) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2007.01.003 · Cited by 126
Diagnostic concordance of the interview and questionnaire versions of the eating disorder examination
Berg, K. C., Stiles‐Shields, E. C., Swanson, S. A., Peterson, C. B., Lebow, J., & Le Grange, D. (2012) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.20948 · Cited by 126
The perfectionism model of binge eating: Tests of an integrative model.
Sherry, S., & Hall, P. A. (2009) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0014528 · Cited by 126
Interoceptive awareness in eating disorders: Distinguishing lack of clarity from non-acceptance of internal experience
Merwin, R. M., Zucker, N. L., Lacy, J. L., & Elliott, C. A. (2009) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699930902985845 · Cited by 124
Peer-facilitated cognitive dissonance versus healthy weight eating disorders prevention: A randomized comparison
Becker, C. B., Wilson, C., Williams, A., Kelly, M. C., McDaniel, L., & Elmquist, J. (2010) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2010.06.004 · Cited by 120
Relationships between body size attitudes and body image of 4-year-old boys and girls, and attitudes of their fathers and mothers
Damiano, S. R., Gregg, K. J., Spiel, E. C., McLean, S. A., Wertheim, E. H., & Paxton, S. J. (2015) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-015-0048-0 · Cited by 120
Exposure to slim images in mass media: Television commercials as reminders of restriction in restrained eaters.
Anschütz, D. J., van Strien, T., & Engels, R. C. M. E. (2008) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.27.4.401 · Cited by 119
Effects of a Weight Maintenance Diet on Bulimic Symptoms in Adolescent Girls: An Experimental Test of the Dietary Restraint Theory.
Stice, E. M., Presnell, K. E., Groesz, L. M., & Shaw, H. E. (2005) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.4.402 · Cited by 114
Identifying Dieters Who Will Develop an Eating Disorder: A Prospective, Population-Based Study
Fairburn, C. G., Cooper, Z., Doll, H., & Davies, B. A. (2005) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.12.2249 · Cited by 109
Psychometric Properties of the Eating Disorder Examination–Questionnaire (EDE-Q): A Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Assessment of Measurement Invariance by Sex
Rand-Giovannetti, D., Cicero, D. C., Mond, J., & Latner, J. D. (2017) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191117738046 · Cited by 115
The dieting dilemma in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: Does dietary restraint predict weight gain 4 years after diagnosis?
van Strien, T., de Laar, F. A. V., van Leeuwe, J. F. J., Lucassen, P. L., van den Hoogen, H. J. M., Rutten, G. E. H. M., & van Weel, C. (2007) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.26.1.105 · Cited by 107
Eating behavior among women with anorexia nervosa
Sysko, R., Walsh, B. T., Schebendach, J., & Wilson, G. T. (2005) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/82.2.296 · Cited by 107
Brain activation in restrained and unrestrained eaters: An fMRI study.
Coletta, M. C., Platek, S. M., Mohamed, F. B., van Steenburgh, J. J., Green, D., & Lowe, M. R. (2009) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0016201 · Cited by 105
The Smart Choices front-of-package nutrition label. Influence on perceptions and intake of cereal
Roberto, C. A., Shivaram, M., Martinez, O., Boles, C., Harris, J. L., & Brownell, K. D. (2012) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2012.01.003 · Cited by 104
Testing a Gender Additive Model: The Role of Body Image in Adolescent Depression
Bearman, S. K., & Stice, E. M. (2008) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-008-9248-2 · Cited by 104
Cues to overeat: psychological factors influencing overconsumption
Hetherington, M. M. (2007) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665107005344 · Cited by 101
Increases in Weight during Chronic Stress are Partially Associated with a Switch in Food Choice towards Increased Carbohydrate and Saturated Fat Intake
Roberts, C., Campbell, I. C., & Troop, N. (2013) · European Eating Disorders Review · doi:10.1002/erv.2264 · Cited by 103
Evaluation of a healthy-weight treatment program for bulimia nervosa: A preliminary randomized trial
Burton, E. M., & Stice, E. M. (2006) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2005.12.008 · Cited by 101
Differentiating between successful and unsuccessful dieters. Validity and reliability of the Perceived Self-Regulatory Success in Dieting Scale
Meule, A., Papies, E. K., & Kübler, A. (2012) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2012.01.028 · Cited by 94
Wanting and liking: Separable components in problematic eating behavior?
Polk, S. E., LaFata, E. M., Furman, C. R., & Gearhardt, A. N. (2016) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2016.11.015 · Cited by 95
Stress-induced eating in restrained eaters may not be caused by stress or restraint
Lowe, M. R., & Kral, T. V. E. (2005) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2005.01.014 · Cited by 91
Dieting, overweight, and obesity: Self-regulation in a food-rich environment.
Stroebe, W. (2008) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/11753-000 · Cited by 92
Eating styles and energy intake in young women
Anschütz, D. J., van Strien, T., van de Ven, M. O. M., & Engels, R. C. M. E. (2009) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2009.03.016 · Cited by 95
Women’s and Men’s Eating Behavior Following Exposure to Ideal-Body Images and Text
Harrison, K., Taylor, L. D., & Marske, A. L. (2006) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/0093650206293247 · Cited by 86
Efficacy trial of a selective prevention program targeting both eating disorder symptoms and unhealthy weight gain among female college students.
Stice, E. M., Rohde, P., Shaw, H. E., & Marti, C. N. (2011) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0026484 · Cited by 85
Subjective and objective binge eating in relation to eating disorder symptomatology, negative affect, and personality dimensions
Brownstone, L. M., Bardone‐Cone, A. M., Fitzsimmons‐Craft, E. E., Printz, K. S., Grange, D. L., Mitchell, J. E., Crow, S. J., Peterson, C. B., Crosby, R. D., Klein, M. H., et al. (2012) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.22066 · Cited by 96
The Psychology of Food Cravings: the Role of Food Deprivation
Meule, A. (2020) · Current Nutrition Reports · doi:10.1007/s13668-020-00326-0 · Cited by 83
Preventing Eating Disorders
Shaw, H. E., Stice, E. M., & Becker, C. B. (2008) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.chc.2008.07.012 · Cited by 83
Weight suppression predicts maintenance and onset of bulimic syndromes at 10-year follow-up.
Keel, P. K., & Heatherton, T. F. (2010) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0019190 · Cited by 83
Sequencing of symptom emergence in anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and purging disorder and relations of prodromal symptoms to future onset of these disorders.
Stice, E., Desjardins, C. D., Rohde, P., & Shaw, H. (2021) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000666 · Cited by 81
Future Directions in Etiologic, Prevention, and Treatment Research for Eating Disorders
Stice, E. M., South, K., & Shaw, H. E. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374416.2012.728156 · Cited by 81
The possible influence of impulsivity and dietary restraint on associations between serotonin genes and binge eating
Racine, S. E., Culbert, K. M., Larson, C. L., & Klump, K. L. (2009) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2009.05.002 · Cited by 81
Restrained eating is related to accelerated reaction to high caloric foods and cardiac autonomic dysregulation
Meule, A., Vögele, C., & Kübler, A. (2011) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2011.11.023 · Cited by 81
A daily diary study of perceived social isolation, dietary restraint, and negative affect in binge eating
Mason, T. B., Heron, K. E., Braitman, A. L., & Lewis, R. J. (2015) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2015.11.027 · Cited by 88
Prognostic significance of two sub-categorization methods for the treatment of binge eating disorder: Negative affect and overvaluation predict, but do not moderate, specific outcomes
Masheb, R. M., & Grilo, C. M. (2008) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.01.004 · Cited by 76
The thin ideal and body image: An experimental study of implicit attitudes.
Ahern, A. L., & Hetherington, M. M. (2006) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/0893-164x.20.3.338 · Cited by 76
Machine learning enhances prediction of illness course: a longitudinal study in eating disorders
Haynos, A. F., Wang, S. B., Lipson, S., Peterson, C. B., Mitchell, J. E., Halmi, K. A., Agras, W. S., & Crow, S. J. (2021) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291720000227 · Cited by 73
A Losing Battle
Knobloch‐Westerwick, S., & Crane, J. (2011) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/0093650211400596 · Cited by 74
The validity of Dietary Restraint Scales: Comment on Stice et al. (2004).
van Strien, T., Engels, R. C. M. E., van Staveren, W., & Herman, C. P. (2006) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.18.1.89 · Cited by 73
A 30-year longitudinal study of body weight, dieting, and eating pathology across women and men from late adolescence to later midlife.
Brown, T. A., Forney, K. J., Klein, K. M., Grillot, C. L., & Keel, P. K. (2020) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000519 · Cited by 72
Relation of dietary restraint scores to cognitive biases and reward sensitivity
Ahern, A. L., Field, M., Yokum, S., Bohon, C., & Stice, E. M. (2010) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2010.04.001 · Cited by 72
Testing the original and the extended dual-pathway model of lack of control over eating in adolescent girls. A two-year longitudinal study
Dakanalis, A., Timko, C. A., Carrà, G., Clerici, M., Zanetti, M. A., Riva, G., & Caccialanza, R. (2014) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2014.07.022 · Cited by 71
Dietary restraint: Intention versus behavior to restrict food intake
Larsen, J. K., van Strien, T., Eisinga, R., Herman, C. P., & Engels, R. C. M. E. (2007) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2006.12.005 · Cited by 70
An examination of eating patterns in community women with bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder
Masheb, R. M., Grilo, C. M., & White, M. A. (2010) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.20853 · Cited by 68
Subtyping women with bulimia nervosa along dietary and negative affect dimensions: Further evidence of reliability and validity.
Stice, E. M., Bohon, C., Marti, C. N., & Fischer, K. (2008) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0013887 · Cited by 67
Assessing food appeal and desire to eat: the effects of portion size & energy density
Burger, K. S., Cornier, M. A., Ingebrigtsen, J. P., & Johnson, S. L. (2011) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/1479-5868-8-101 · Cited by 68
Are common measures of dietary restraint and disinhibited eating reliable and valid in obese persons?
Bohrer, B. K., Forbush, K. T., & Hunt, T. K. (2015) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2014.12.226 · Cited by 70
Parental modelling of eating behaviours: Observational validation of the Parental Modelling of Eating Behaviours scale (PARM)
Palfreyman, Z., Haycraft, E., & Meyer, C. (2014) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2014.08.008 · Cited by 66
Food insecurity & dietary restraint in a diverse urban population
Middlemass, K. M., Cruz, J., Gamboa, A., Johnson, C., Taylor, B., Gomez, F., & Becker, C. B. (2020) · Eating Disorders · doi:10.1080/10640266.2020.1723343 · Cited by 65
Reformulating and testing the perfectionism model of binge eating among undergraduate women: A short-term, three-wave longitudinal study.
Mackinnon, S. P., Sherry, S., Graham, A. R., Stewart, S. H., Sherry, D. L., Allen, S. L., Fitzpatrick, S., & McGrath, D. S. (2011) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0025068 · Cited by 72

Authors: Stice, E., Fisher, M., & Lowe, M. R.
Affiliations: The University of Texas at Austin (US)
ORCID: Stice, Eric
Lowe, Michael R.
Venue: Psychological Assessment
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2004
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Pages: 51-59
ISSN: 1040-3590 (ISSN-L)
1939-134X
DOI: 10.1037/1040-3590.16.1.51
OpenAlex: W2147837561
Cited by: 364
References: 80
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 45 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 20
FWCI: 18.00
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Psychological Assessment (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r01mh050271-03)
National Institute of Mental Health (MH 01708, MH064560, MH 50271, K01MH001708, R01MH064560)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: dietary restriction, energy intake, scale validity, bulimia nervosa, dieting, eating disorders, unobtrusive measurement
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Bulimia, Energy Intake, Diet, Reducing, Female, Food Preferences, Humans, Middle Aged, Personality Assessment, Psychometrics, Social Environment, Students, Reproducibility of Results

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Are dietary restraint scales valid measures of acute dietary restriction? Unobtrusive observational data suggest not

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks