The DOI matches its Crossref record; 31 of the 31 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Reliability and criterion-related validity of the California Psychotherapy Alliance Scales-Patient Version
Abstract
Aspects of the reliability and criterion-related validity of the patient version of the California Psychotherapy Alliance Scales (CALPAS-P) were examined. The sample consisted of 147 patients consulting in private practice. These patients completed the 24-item CALPAS-P designed to assess 4 alliance dimensions. They also filled out questionnaires on symptomatology (SCL-10), intimacy problems (IIP), social desirability (MC-SDS), and satisfaction (CSQ-8)
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“To control for nonspecific therapeutic factors, participants in the SIDI and SC conditions completed the California Psychotherapy Alliance Scale (CALPAS) and the Treatment Expectancy and Credibility Scales (CEQ)”
From Initial RCT of a distress tolerance treatment for individuals with substance use disorders (2012) · cites this paper as Gaston, 1991
Citations
Cites
The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud
Freud, S. (1953) · Cited by 17,730
A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology.
Crowne, D. P., & Marlowe, D. (1960) · Journal of Consulting Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0047358 · Cited by 8,686
The necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic personality change.
Rogers, C. R. (1957) · Journal of Consulting Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0045357 · Cited by 5,599
The generalizability of the psychoanalytic concept of the working alliance.
Bordin, E. S. (1979) · Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice · doi:10.1037/h0085885 · Cited by 5,238
Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change
Garfield, S. L., Bergin, A. E., & Dryden, W. (1987) · Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1891/0889-8391.1.4.264a · Cited by 3,998
Development and validation of the working alliance inventory
Horvath, A. O., & Greenberg, L. S. (1989) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-0167.36.2.223 · Cited by 3,520
A Secure Base: Clinical Applications of Attachment Theory
Bowlby, J. (1998) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 3,379
Assessment of client/patient satisfaction: development of a general scale
Larsen, D. L., Attkisson, C. C., Hargreaves, W. A., & Nguyen, T. D. (1979) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/0149-7189(79)90094-6 · Cited by 2,887
Inventory of interpersonal problems: Psychometric properties and clinical applications.
Horowitz, L. M., Rosenberg, S. E., Baer, B. A., Ureño, G., & Villaseñor, V. S. (1988) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.56.6.885 · Cited by 2,026
The Approval Motive: Studies in Evaluative Dependence
Edwards, A. L., Crowne, D. P., & Marlowe, D. (1965) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1420595 · Cited by 1,938
Factor structure of the working alliance inventory
Tracey, T. J., & Kokotovic, A. M. (1989) · Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.1.3.207 · Cited by 1,501
Assessment of patient satisfaction: Development and refinement of a Service Evaluation Questionnaire
Nguyen, T. D., Attkisson, C. C., & Stegner, B. L. (1983) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/0149-7189(83)90010-1 · Cited by 736
Current concepts of transference 1
Zetzel, E. R. (2018) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780429475931-8 · Cited by 661
The Relationship in Counseling and Psychotherapy
Gelso, C. J., & Carter, J. A. (1985) · The Counseling Psychologist · doi:10.1177/0011000085132001 · Cited by 515
The Working Alliance and The Transference Neurosis
Greenson, R. R. (2008) · The Psychoanalytic Quarterly · doi:10.1002/j.2167-4086.2008.tb00334.x · Cited by 473
The concept of the alliance and its role in psychotherapy: Theoretical and empirical considerations.
Gaston, L. (1990) · Psychotherapy · doi:10.1037/0033-3204.27.2.143 · Cited by 408
Self-citationUse of Structural Equation Modeling in Counseling Psychology Research.
Fassinger, R. (1987) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0167.34.4.425 · Cited by 400
The fate of the ego in analytic therapy.
Sterba, R. (1934) · The International Journal of Psychoanalysis · Cited by 377
Effective ingredients in psychotherapy: Prediction of outcome from process variables.
Gomes-Schwartz, B. (1978) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.46.5.1023 · Cited by 311
Two Helping Alliance Methods for Predicting Outcomes of Psychotherapy
Luborsky, L. B., Crits-Christoph, P. F., Alexander, L. B., Margolis, M., & COHEN, M. (1983) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-198308000-00005 · Cited by 297
The Scientific Analysis of Personality and Motivation
Cattell, R. B., & Kline, P. (1977) · Cited by 283
Working alliance in the early phase of counseling.
Kokotovic, A. M., & Tracey, T. J. G. (1990) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0167.37.1.16 · Cited by 277
Toward the validation of the California Therapeutic Alliance Rating System.
Marmar, C. R., Weiss, D. S., & Gaston, L. (1989) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.1.1.46 · Cited by 214
Self-citationResearch on psychotherapy integration: Recommendations and conclusions from an NIMH workshop.
Wolfe, B. E., & Goldfried, M. R. (1988) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.56.3.448 · Cited by 200
Alliance and Outcome in Late-Life Depression
Marmar, C. R., Gaston, L., Gallagher-Thompson, D. E., & Thompson, L. W. (1989) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-198908000-00003 · Cited by 154
Self-citationThree Viewpoints on the Therapeutic Alliance
Marziali, E. (1984) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-198407000-00008 · Cited by 153
Therapeutic alliance: Its place as a process and outcome variable in dynamic psychotherapy research.
Frieswyk, S. H., Allen, J. G., Colson, D. B., Coyne, L., Gabbard, G. O., Horwitz, L., & Newsom, G. (1986) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.54.1.32 · Cited by 150
Saunders, S. M., Howard, K. I., & Orlinsky, D. E. (1989) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.1.4.323 · Cited by 129
Gaston, L., Marmar, C. R., Thompson, L. W., & Gallagher-Thompson, D. E. (1988) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.56.4.483 · Cited by 128
Self-citationNeed for approval and the premature termination of psychotherapy.
Strickland, B. R., & Crowne, D. P. (1963) · Journal of Consulting Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0040686 · Cited by 74
A Cognitive-Behavioral Response and a Modest Proposal
Deffenbacher, J. L. (1985) · The Counseling Psychologist · doi:10.1177/0011000085132004 · Cited by 4
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Relation of the therapeutic alliance with outcome and other variables: a meta-analytic review
Martin, D. J., Garske, J. P., & Davis, M. K. (2000) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.68.3.438 · Cited by 3,355
Development and validation of a revised short version of the working alliance inventory
Hatcher, R. L., & Gillaspy, J. A. (2006) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503300500352500 · Cited by 1,355
The role of the therapeutic alliance in psychotherapy.
Horvath, A. O., & Luborsky, L. (1993) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.61.4.561 · Cited by 1,331
A review of therapist characteristics and techniques positively impacting the therapeutic alliance
Ackerman, S. J., & Hilsenroth, M. J. (2003) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/s0272-7358(02)00146-0 · Cited by 1,176
Crits-Christoph, P. F. (1999) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.56.6.493 · Cited by 497
Metadata
- Authors
- Gaston, L.
- Affiliations
- McGill University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Gaston, Louise
- Venue
- Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
- Published
- 1991-03
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 68-74
- ISSN
- 1040-3590 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-134X
- OpenAlex
- W2068692532
- Cited by
- 219
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Assessment (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Counseling Practices and Supervision
- Keywords
- therapeutic relationship, reliability statistics, criterion validity, psychotherapy patients, private practice, social desirability, patient satisfaction
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review