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Cited by 59Personality Traits and PsychologyPersonality Disorders and PsychopathologyPsychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research

Metacognition, states of mind, cognitive biases, and interpersonal cycles: Proposal for an integrated narcissism model.

Dimaggio, Giancarlo, Semerari, Antonio, Falcone, Maurizio, Nicolò, Giuseppe, Carcione, Antonino, Procacci, Michele·2002·Journal of Psychotherapy Integration
DOI 10.1037/1053-0479.12.4.421
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Abstract

A narcissistic personality can be seen as arising from a number of separate dimensions of mental life: (a) a characteristic set of states of mind; (b) alterations in metacognitive skills—in particular a difficulty in accessing one’s own inner states, desires, and emotions—and a difficulty in understanding another’s mind from a decentrated perspective; (c) the sensation that experiences are not being shared with a relevant other and that one does not belong to real-life groups; (d) characteristic methods of regulating one’s self-image and self-esteem through cognitive biases; (e) the use, in most cases, of values, rather than emotional experience and interpersonal regulation, for regulating behavior; and (f) characteristic dysfunctional interpersonal cycles. In this work the authors propose an integrated model that describes how the disorder perpetuates itself and suggest some hierarchies of importance between the elements portrayed above.

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Crossref · 10.1037/1053-0479.12.4.421

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110 of 110 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Most narcissistic patients present with some degree of fluctuation between grandiose and vulnerable self-esteem states.

    “There is however growing consensus, that most narcissistic patients present with some degree of fluctuation between grandiose and vulnerable self-esteem states [23, 35, 66, 35, 73].”

    From “It’s not you, it’s me”: identity disturbance as the main contributor to interpersonal problems in pathological narcissism (2023) · cites this paper as [23]

  • Metacognitive deficits play an important role in shaping and maintaining the pathology and problematic interpersonal relations of patients with NPD.

    “According to Dimaggio and colleagues [10], metacognitive deficits play an important role in shaping and maintaining the pathology and the problematic interpersonal relations of patients with NPD.”

    From Symptom severity and mindreading in narcissistic personality disorder. (2018) · cites this paper as [10]

  • Grandiose narcissists typically show an inflated self image and lack of depressive symptoms and subjective distress.

    “Although every subtype of narcissism is characterized by emotional dysregulation and unstable self esteem instability [8–11], grandiose narcissists typically show an inflated self image and lack of depressive symptoms and subjective distress.”

    From Symptom severity and mindreading in narcissistic personality disorder. (2018) · cites this paper as [10]

  • Several clinicians have associated NPD with impaired mindreading.

    “Several clinicians have associated NPD with impaired mindreading.”

    From Symptom severity and mindreading in narcissistic personality disorder. (2018) · cites this paper as [10]

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Authors
Dimaggio, G., Semerari, A., Falcone, M., Nicolò, G., Carcione, A., & Procacci, M.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Psychotherapy Integration
Publisher
American Psychological Association (APA)
Published
2002-12
Volume
12
Issue
4
Pages
421-451
ISSN
  • 1053-0479 (ISSN-L)
  • 1573-3696
DOI
10.1037/1053-0479.12.4.421
OpenAlex
W2119301654
Cited by
59
References
117
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
FWCI
1.31
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
Journal of Psychotherapy Integration (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
Keywords
narcissistic personality disorder, metacognition, mental states, cognitive biases, self-esteem, theory of mind, sense of belonging, interpersonal emotion regulation, integrated model

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