The DOI matches its Crossref record; 23 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Positive Adjustment to Threatening Events: An Organismic Valuing Theory of Growth through Adversity
Abstract
A positive psychological theory of growth through adversity is proposed. The organismic valuing theory of growth through adversity posits an intrinsic motivation toward growth, showing how this leads to the states of intrusion and avoidance that are characteristic of cognitive-emotional processing after trauma. The theory posits 3 possible outcomes of this cognitive-emotional processing, namely, assimilation, negative accommodation, and positive accommodation. The theory shows how the organismic valuing process will automatically lead to the actualization of positive changes in psychological well-being, through the positive accommodation of the new trauma-related information, provided that the social environment is able to support this positive accommodation process.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.55.1.68 · Cited by 54,599
The "what" and "why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1207/s15327965pli1104_01 · Cited by 34,210
On Happiness and Human Potentials: A Review of Research on Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2001) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.141 · Cited by 11,567
Positive psychology: An introduction.
Seligman, M. E. P., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.55.1.5 · Cited by 11,351
TARGET ARTICLE: "Posttraumatic Growth: Conceptual Foundations and Empirical Evidence"
Tedeschi, R. G., & Calhoun, L. G. (2004) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1207/s15327965pli1501_01 · Cited by 7,154
The posttraumatic growth inventory: measuring the positive legacy of trauma
Tedeschi, R. G., & Calhoun, L. G. (1996) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.2490090305 · Cited by 7,061 · cited 1×
“The positive changes observed after these events have been variously labeled as posttraumatic growth (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1995, 1996), stress-related growth (Park, Cohen, & Murch, 1996), perceived benefits (J. C. McMillen & Fisher, 1998), thriving (Abraido-Lanza, Guier, & Colon, 1998), positive…”
BackgroundA cognitive model of posttraumatic stress disorder
Ehlers, A., & Clark, D. M. (2000) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(99)00123-0 · Cited by 6,147
Optimizing well-being: The empirical encounter of two traditions.
Keyes, C. L. M., Shmotkin, D., & Ryff, C. D. (2002) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.82.6.1007 · Cited by 3,322 · cited 2×
“The reason is that the two types of well-being are typically but not always associated (Keyes et al., 2002; Ryan & Deci, 2001).”
BackgroundFurther Examining the American Dream: Differential Correlates of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Goals
Kasser, T., & Ryan, R. M. (1996) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167296223006 · Cited by 2,745
Goal striving, need satisfaction, and longitudinal well-being: The self-concordance model
Sheldon, K. M., & Elliot, A. J. (1999) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.76.3.482 · Cited by 2,541
Research works printed but not linked: 94
- 10.1111/j.1540-4560.1998.tb01227.x · DOI
- 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1996.tb00948.x · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1037/0022-006X.55.1.29 · DOI
- Aldwin C. M., 1994, Stress, coping, and development: An integrative perspective
- American Psychiatric Association, 1994, Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
- 10.1521/jscp.20.3.366.22304 · DOI
- Butler S., 1984, The way of all flesh
- Calhoun L. G., 1998, Posttraumatic growth: Positive changes in the aftermath of crisis, 215
- 10.4324/9781410602268 · DOI · Paper page
- Carver C. S., 1992, Perspectives on personality
- Cohen L. H., 1998, Posttraumatic growth: Positive changes in the aftermath of crisis, 23
- 10.1037/0021-843X.101.3.452 · DOI
- Csikszentmihalyi M., 1997, Finding flow: The psychology of engagement with everyday life
- 10.1300/J077V10N04_01 · DOI
- 10.1037/0022-3514.75.2.561 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1007/978-1-4899-2271-7 · DOI · Paper page
- Deci E. L., 1991, Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 38, 237
- 10.1177/019394599201400306 · DOI
- 10.1037/0003-066X.33.3.211 · DOI
- 10.1111/j.1540-4560.1998.tb01220.x · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1037/0022-006X.69.6.1026 · DOI · Paper page
- Frankl V., 1963, Man's search for meaning: An introduction to logotherapy
- 10.1037/0022-006X.69.6.1048 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1023/A:1025007614869 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1037/h0088539 · DOI
- Heidegger M., 1962, Being and time
- Hollon S. D., 1988, Social cognition and clinical psychology: A synthesis, 204
- Horney K., 1951, Neurosis and human growth: The struggle toward self-realization
- 10.1007/978-1-4613-3412-5_3 · DOI
- Horowitz M. J., 1986, Stress response syndromes
- 10.1177/0022167885254012 · DOI
- 10.1521/soco.1989.7.2.113 · DOI · Paper page
- Janoff-Bulman R., 1992, Shattered assumptions: Toward a new psychology of trauma
- Janoff-Bulman R., 1997, The transformation of meaning in psychological therapies, 91
- 10.1348/147608304322874281 · DOI
- 10.1002/9780470939338.ch22 · DOI
- 10.1002/jts.2490060209 · DOI
- 10.1016/0272-7358(95)00029-O · DOI
- Joseph S., 1997, Understanding post-traumatic stress: A psychosocial perspective on PTSD and treatment
- Jung C. G., 1933, Modern man in search of a soul
- 10.1002/9780470939338.ch4 · DOI
- 10.1037/0022-3514.65.2.410 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1177/0022167887272008 · DOI
- Kierkegaard S., 1989, The sickness unto death
- Laszlo E., 1987, Evolution: The grand synthesis
- 10.1023/B:JOTS.0000004086.64509.09 · DOI
- Linley P. A., 2002, Counselling and Psychotherapy Journal, 13, 14
- 10.1002/9780470939338 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1002/9780470939338 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1037/10612-001 · DOI
- 10.1002/jts.2490040108 · DOI
- Mahoney M. J., 1982, Psychotherapy research and behavior change, 77
- Maslow A. H., 1968, Toward a psychology of being
- 10.1111/j.1540-4560.1998.tb01222.x · DOI
- May R., 1981, Freedom and destiny
- 10.1037/0022-3514.79.3.327 · DOI
- 10.1016/S0740-5472(00)00151-3 · DOI
- 10.1037/0022-006X.63.6.1037 · DOI
- 10.1093/sw/44.5.455 · DOI
- 10.1037/0090-5550.48.2.77 · DOI
- 10.1093/swr/22.3.173 · DOI
- 10.1037/0022-006X.65.5.733 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1007/BF01173526 · DOI
- 10.1037/10143-011 · DOI
- 10.1080/07481189308252602 · DOI
- O'Leary V. E., 1995, Women's Health: Research on Gender, Behavior, and Policy, 1, 121
- 10.1111/j.1540-4560.1998.tb01218.x · DOI
- 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1996.tb00815.x · DOI
- Peterson C., 2004, Character strengths and virtues: A handbook and classification
- Rogers C. R., 1959, Formulations of the person and the social context, 3, 184
- Rogers C. R., 1961, Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 11, 1
- 10.1037/h0046419 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68 · DOI · Paper page
- Ryff C., 1998, The human quest for meaning: A handbook of psychological research and clinical applications, 213
- Sartre J.-P., 1956, Being and nothingness
- Schaefer J. A., 1992, Personal coping: Theory, research and application, 149
- 10.1111/1467-6494.7105006 · DOI
- Simonton D. K., 1994, Greatness: Who makes history and why
- Simonton D. K., 2000, Psychological trauma and its positive adaptations, 21
- Snyder C. R., 2002, Handbook of positive psychology
- 10.1037/0003-066X.38.11.1161 · DOI
- 10.4135/9781483326931 · DOI
- 10.1002/9780470939338.ch25 · DOI
- 10.1207/s15324834basp0604_1 · DOI
- 10.1177/0146167202286009 · DOI
- Valent P., 1999, Trauma and fulfillment therapy: A wholist framework
- 10.1016/S0191-8869(03)00122-3 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1023/A:1011112723704 · DOI
- Winnicott D. W., 1965, The maturational process and the facilitating environment
- 10.1037/0022-3514.40.4.650 · DOI · Paper page
- Yalom I. D., 1980, Existential psychotherapy
- 10.1080/00332747.1991.11024563 · DOI
- 10.1002/9780470939338.ch32 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1300/J077v07n04_03 · DOI
Cited by
Park, C. L. (2010) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0018301 · Cited by 3,174
Wood, A. M., Linley, P. A., Maltby, J., Baliousis, M., & Joseph, S. (2008) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0167.55.3.385 · Cited by 1,237
Prati, G., & Pietrantoni, L. (2009) · Journal of Loss and Trauma · doi:10.1080/15325020902724271 · Cited by 978
Posttraumatic growth, meaning in life, and life satisfaction in response to trauma
Triplett, K. N., Tedeschi, R. G., Cann, A., Calhoun, L. G., & Reeve, C. L. (2012) · Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy · doi:10.1037/a0024204 · Cited by 449
Park, C. L., Edmondson, D., Fenster, J. R., & Blank, T. O. (2008) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0013348 · Cited by 376
Metadata
- Authors
- Joseph, S., & Linley, P. A.
- Venue
- Review of General Psychology
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2005-09
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 262-280
- ISSN
- 1089-2680 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1552
- OpenAlex
- W2111311711
- Cited by
- 892
- References
- 23
- FWCI
- 23.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Positive Adjustment to Threatening Events: An Organismic Valuing Theory of Growth through Adversity. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037/1089-2680.9.3.262
- The paper
- Joseph, S., & Linley, P. A. (2005). Positive Adjustment to Threatening Events: An Organismic Valuing Theory of Growth through Adversity. Review of General Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.9.3.262
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
