CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 173Racial and Ethnic Identity ResearchSocial and Intergroup PsychologyCultural Identity and Representation

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 23 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The social construction of race: biracial identity and vulnerability to stereotypes

Shih, Margaret, Bonam, Courtney, Sanchez, Diana, Peck, Courtney·2007·Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology
DOI 10.1037/1099-9809.13.2.125
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Multiracial individuals are more likely to have a heightened awareness of race as a social construct than monoracial individuals. This article examines the impact that a heightened awareness of race as a social construct has on the relationship between racial stereotypes and performance. Study 1 finds that multiracial individuals reported subscribing less to the notion that race biologically determines ability. Study 2 finds that monoracial individuals show stereotype activation, whereas multiracial individuals show stereotype inhibition in reaction to race salience. Study 3 draws on the work on stereotypes and performance to test the susceptibility of multiracial individuals to racial stereotypes about ability. The authors find that Asian/White and Black/White multiracial individuals were less susceptible to racial stereotypes than monoracial individuals. Whereas monoracial participants showed significant performance changes in reaction to race salience, multiracial individuals did not. Study 4 finds that emphasizing the social construction of race buffers individuals from stereotype threat effects.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1037/1099-9809.13.2.125

Cites

23 of 23 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 23 references

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 101–173 of 173

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Shih, M., Bonam, C., Sanchez, D., & Peck, C.
Affiliations
  • University of Michigan (US)
  • Stanford University (US)
  • Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
  • Harvard University (US)
ORCID
Venue
Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology
Publisher
American Psychological Association (APA)
Published
2007-04
Volume
13
Issue
2
Pages
125-133
ISSN
  • 1077-341X (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-0106
  • 1099-9809
DOI
10.1037/1099-9809.13.2.125
OpenAlex
W2082992731
Cited by
171
References
23
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 13
FWCI
30.38
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • John Templeton Foundation
  • Ford Foundation
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
  • Social Sciences › Cultural Studies › Cultural Identity and Representation
Keywords
social construction of race, mixed-race identity, racial stereotypes, stereotype threat, stereotype activation, race salience
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Identity Crisis, Male, Social Identification, Stereotyping, United States, Cultural Diversity, Racial Groups

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review