Construct validity of the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence and Wide Range Intelligence test: Convergent and structural validity

Canivez, Gary L.; Konold, Timothy R.; Collins, Jason M.; Wilson, Greg

doi:10.1037/a0018030

Cited by 131Cognitive Abilities and TestingPsychometric Methodologies and TestingPsychological Testing and Assessment

Construct validity of the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence and Wide Range Intelligence test: Convergent and structural validity

Canivez, Gary L., Konold, Timothy R., Collins, Jason M., Wilson, Greg·2009·School Psychology Quarterly

DOI 10.1037/a0018030

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Abstract

2000) are two well-normed brief measures of general intelligence with subtests pur-portedly assessing verbal–crystallized abilities and nonverbal–fluid–visual abilities. With a sample of 152 children, adolescents, and adults, the present study reports meaningful convergent validity coefficients and a latent factor structure consistent with the theoretical intellectual models both tests were constructed to reflect. Consideration of the hierarchical model of intelligence tests and issues regarding test interpretation are presented.

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The WASI-II has demonstrated convergent and structural validity with more lengthy measures of intelligence.
“The WASI-II is an update to the original WASI, which has demonstrated convergent and structural validity with more lengthy measures of intelligence [39].”
From Dual N-back working memory training in healthy adults: A randomized comparison to processing speed training. (2016) · cites this paper as [39]

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InfluentialSelf-citation
Structural Validity of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fifth Edition: Confirmatory Factor Analyses with the 16 Primary and Secondary Subtests
Canivez, G. L., Watkins, M. W., & Dombrowski, S. C. (2017) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/pas0000358 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Self-citation
Construct Validity of the WISC-IV with a Referred Sample: Direct versus Indirect Hierarchical Structures
Canivez, G. L. (2014) · School Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1037/spq0000032 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
“Other intelligence tests also have larger portions of subtest variance associated with a higher order general factor than their first order factors, including the Stanford–Binet Intelligence Scales, Fifth Edition (SB-5; Roid, 2003; Canivez, 2008), Wechsler Abbreviated Scales of Intelligence (WASI; Wechsler, 1999), Wid…”
Self-citation
Structural and incremental validity of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Fourth Edition with a clinical sample.
Nelson, J. M., Canivez, G. L., & Watkins, M. W. (2013) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/a0032086 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Self-citation
Systematic review of appropriate cognitive assessment instruments used in clinical trials of schizophrenia, major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder
Bakkour, N., Samp, J. C., Akhras, K. S., Hammi, E. E., Soussi, I., Zahra, F., Duru, G., Kooli, A., & Toumi, M. (2014) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.02.014 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
“WAIS-R Wechsler (1981, 2008) 15 subtests Schizophrenia Adults 60–90 Age Very Superior: 130 & above Performance-based rating Canivez et al. (2009) Elderly Gender Superior: 120–129 Educational level High Average: 110–119 Average: 90–109 Low Average: 80–89”
Biobehavioral profiles of arousal and social motivation in autism spectrum disorders
Corbett, B. A., Swain, D. M., Newsom, C. R., Wang, L., Song, Y., & Edgerton, D. S. (2013) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12184 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Predicting dropout in adolescents receiving therapy for depression
O’Keeffe, S., Martin, P., Goodyer, I. M., Wilkinson, P. O., Impact Consortium, & Midgley, N. (2017) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2017.1393576 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Dual N-back working memory training in healthy adults: A randomized comparison to processing speed training.
Lawlor-Savage, L., & Goghari, V. M. (2016) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0151817 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
“The WASI-II is an update to the original WASI, which has demonstrated convergent and structural validity with more lengthy measures of intelligence [39].”
Method
Factor Structure of the 10 WISC-V Primary Subtests Across Four Standardization Age Groups
Dombrowski, S. C., Canivez, G. L., & Watkins, M. W. (2018) · Contemporary School Psychology · doi:10.1007/s40688-017-0125-2 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
“…latent structures reported in test technical manuals (e.g., Bodin et al. 2009; Canivez 2008; Canivez and Watkins 2010a, 2010b; Canivez 2014b; Canivez et al. 2009; Canivez et al., 2014; DiStefano and Dombrowski 2006; Dombrowski et al. 2016; Dombrowski and Watkins 2013; Dombrowski et al.…”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Bifactor modeling in construct validation of multifactored tests: Implications for understanding multidimensional constructs and test interpretation.
Canivez, G. L. (2016) · The Keep (Eastern Illinois University) · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Self-citation
Comparison of sleep problems in children with anxiety and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders
Hansen, B. H., Skirbekk, B., Oerbeck, B., Richter, J., & Kristensen, H. (2011) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-011-0179-z · Cited by 67 · see citing works
“WASI [24]”
Exploratory and higher-order factor analyses of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) adolescent subsample.
Canivez, G. L., & Watkins, M. W. (2010) · School Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1037/a0022046 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
“EFA) cannot fully address test score validity (Canivez et al., 2009).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citation
Associations Between Sleep Problems and Attentional and Behavioral Functioning in Children With Anxiety Disorders and ADHD
Hansen, B. H., Skirbekk, B., Oerbeck, B., Wentzel‐Larsen, T., & Kristensen, H. (2013) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2013.764525 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Psychometric Versus Actuarial Interpretation of Intelligence and Related Aptitude Batteries
Canivez, G. L. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199796304.013.0004 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
“As noted by Frazier and Youngstrom (2007), there is good cause for concern regarding the disagreement between the number of latent factors reported in contemporary intelligence tests based only on CFA procedures (or the most liberal EFA factor-extraction criteria) and the number of factors suggested with EFA procedure…”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citation
Construct Validity of the WISC-V in Clinical Cases: Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses of the 10 Primary Subtests
Canivez, G. L., McGill, R. J., Dombrowski, S. C., Watkins, M. W., Pritchard, A. E., & Jacobson, L. A. (2020) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191118811609 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citation
Examination of the structural, convergent, and incremental validity of the Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales (RIAS) with a clinical sample.
Nelson, J. M., & Canivez, G. L. (2011) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/a0024878 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citation
Use of Brief Intelligence Tests in the Identification of Giftedness
Pierson, E. E., Kilmer, L. M., Rothlisberg, B. A., & McIntosh, D. E. (2011) · Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment · doi:10.1177/0734282911428193 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
“This table was created on the basis of a review of materials in O’Donnell (2009); Kaufman and Kaufman (2004); McGrew, Schrank, and Woodcock (2007); Cross and Coleman (2005); Renzulli (2005); Sternberg (2005); and Brody and Stanley (2005).”
Method
Exploratory and hierarchical factor analysis of the WJ-IV Cognitive at school age.
Dombrowski, S. C., McGill, R. J., & Canivez, G. L. (2016) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/pas0000350 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citation
ASSESSING THE INCREMENTAL VALUE OF KABC-II LURIA MODEL SCORES IN PREDICTING ACHIEVEMENT: WHAT DO THEY TELL US BEYOND THE MPI?
McGill, R. J., & Spurgin, A. R. (2016) · Psychology in the Schools · doi:10.1002/pits.21940 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
One-year sobriety improves satisfaction with life, executive functions and psychological distress among patients with polysubstance use disorder
Hagen, E., Erga, A. H., Hagen, K. P., Nesvåg, S. M., McKay, J. R., Lundervold, A. J., & Walderhaug, E. (2017) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2017.01.016 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Predictors of academic achievement for school-age children with sickle cell disease
Smith, K. E., Patterson, C. A., Szabo, M. M., Tarazi, R. A., & Barakat, L. P. (2013) · Advances in School Mental Health Promotion · doi:10.1080/1754730x.2012.760919 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Incremental criterion validity of WAIS–IV factor index scores: Relationships with WIAT–II and WIAT–III subtest and composite scores.
Canivez, G. L. (2013) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/a0032092 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citation
Self-Control Assessments and Implications for Predicting Adolescent Offending
Fine, A., Steinberg, L. D., Frick, P. J., & Cauffman, E. E. (2016) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-016-0425-2 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Complementary exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of the French WISC–V: Analyses based on the standardization sample.
Lecerf, T., & Canivez, G. L. (2017) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/pas0000526 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Self-citation
Construct validity of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale For Children – Fifth UK Edition: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of the 16 primary and secondary subtests
Canivez, G. L., Watkins, M. W., & McGill, R. J. (2018) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjep.12230 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citation
Construct Validity of the WISC–IVUKWith a Large Referred Irish Sample
Watkins, M. W., Canivez, G. L., James, T., James, K., & Good, R. (2013) · International Journal of School & Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/21683603.2013.794439 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citation
Physiological Response to Social Evaluative Threat in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Edmiston, E. K., Jones, R. M., & Corbett, B. A. (2016) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-016-2842-1 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
“The WASI has strong psychometric properties with high construct validity and internal consistency (Wechsler 1999; Canivez et al. 2009).”
Background
Aspirations, Expectations and Delinquency: The Moderating Effect of Impulse Control
Mahler, A., Simmons, C., Frick, P. J., Steinberg, L. D., & Cauffman, E. E. (2017) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-017-0661-0 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“Studies have illustrated that the WASI yields strong psychometric properties, especially its strong convergent validity with more extended measures of intelligence in samples of adolescents (Canivez et al. 2009).”
Background
Factor structure of the Differential Ability Scales–Second Edition: Exploratory and hierarchical factor analyses with the core subtests.
Canivez, G. L., & McGill, R. J. (2016) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/pas0000279 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
“This is a result observed in numerous other studies examining the latent factor structure of intelligence or cognitive ability tests using both EFA with SL bifactor procedure and CFA procedures using either higher-order or bifactor models (Bodin, Pardini, Burns, & Stevens, 2009; Canivez, 2008, 2011, 2014; Canivez et a…”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citation
Measuring the Impact of Bilingualism on Executive Functioning Via Inhibitory Control Abilities in Autistic Children
Montgomery, L., Chondrogianni, V., Fletcher‐Watson, S., Rabagliati, H., Sorace, A., & Davis, R. (2021) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-021-05234-y · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Hierarchical factor structure of the Cognitive Assessment System: Variance partitions from the Schmid–Leiman (1957) procedure.
Canivez, G. L. (2011) · School Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1037/a0025973 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
“Results indicated that most variance was apportioned to the higher-order g factor as observed in studies of the WISC-IV, RIAS, SB-4, WASI, and WRIT.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citation
A window into racial and socioeconomic status disparities in preschool disciplinary action using developmental methodology
Sabol, T. J., Kessler, C. L., Rogers, L. O., Petitclerc, A., Silver, J., Briggs‐Gowan, M. J., & Wakschlag, L. S. (2021) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.14687 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Is inefficient cognitive processing in anorexia nervosa a familial trait? A neuropsychological pilot study of mothers of offspring with a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa
Lang, K., Treasure, J. L., & Tchanturia, K. (2015) · The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/15622975.2015.1112035 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
“The WASI is well validated with established normative data (Wechsler and Hsiao-pin 2011) and is known to have good psychometric properties, such as factor structure (Ryan et al. 2003) and construct validity (Canivez et al. 2009).”
Method
Incremental validity of <scp>WISC</scp> – <scp>IV</scp> UK factor index scores with a referred <scp>I</scp> rish sample: Predicting performance on the <scp>WIAT</scp> – <scp>II</scp> UK
Canivez, G. L., Watkins, M. W., James, T., Good, R., & James, K. (2014) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjep.12056 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“Latent factor structure examinations of intelligence tests using EFA or CFA are interesting and important but insufficient because they cannot fully answer questions of validity and do not address diagnostic utility or efficiency (Canivez et al., 2009; Carroll, 1997; Kline, 1994; Lubinski & Dawis, 1992).”
MethodSelf-citation
Pilot Open Case Series of Voice over Internet Protocol-Delivered Assessment and Behavior Therapy for Chronic Tic Disorders
Ricketts, E. J., Bauer, C. C., Ran, D., Himle, M. B., & Woods, D. W. (2014) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2014.09.003 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
An alternative conceptualization of the theoretical structure of the Woodcock-Johnson IV Tests of Cognitive Abilities at school age: A confirmatory factor analytic investigation.
Dombrowski, S. C., McGill, R. J., & Canivez, G. L. (2018) · Archives of Scientific Psychology · doi:10.1037/arc0000039 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citation
Intelligence and Academic Achievement of Adolescents with Craniofacial Microsomia
Speltz, M. L., Wallace, E. R., Collett, B. R., Heike, C. L., Luquetti, D. V., & Werler, M. M. (2017) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/prs.0000000000003584 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Dimensions of Judgment: Factor Analysis of Individual Differences
Weaver, E. A., & Stewart, T. R. (2011) · Journal of Behavioral Decision Making · doi:10.1002/bdm.748 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“Correspondence competence and intelligence Ceci and Liker (1986) found no differences in intelligence between groups of experienced horse race bettors defined by widely different accuracy of assigning betting odds.”
Background
Factor structure of the WISC‐V in four standardization age groups: Exploratory and hierarchical factor analyses with the 16 primary and secondary subtests
Canivez, G. L., Dombrowski, S. C., & Watkins, M. W. (2018) · Psychology in the Schools · doi:10.1002/pits.22138 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Relationship Between Personality and Neurocognition Among the American Elderly: An Epidemiologic Study
Maldonato, M. N., Sperandeo, R., Dell’Orco, S., Cozzolino, P., Fusco, M. L., Iorio, V. S., Albesi, D., Marone, P., Nascivera, N., & Cipresso, P. (2017) · Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health · doi:10.2174/1745017901713010233 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“Its reported validity and reliability provide adequate and empirical support for WASI tests [30, 31].”
Background
Post-traumatic Headache After Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Association With Neurocognitive Outcomes
McConnell, B., Duffield, T. C., Hall, T. A., Piantino, J. A., Seitz, D. J., Soden, D., & Williams, C. N. (2019) · Journal of Child Neurology · doi:10.1177/0883073819876473 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Motor impairment in children with anxiety disorders.
Skirbekk, B., Hansen, B. H., Oerbeck, B., Wentzel-Larsen, T., & Kristensen, H. (2012) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2011.12.008 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“The WASI provides a brief assessment of IQ and has recently shown a high internal and external validity (Canivez et al., 2009).”
Background
Construct validity of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – Fourth UK Edition with a referred Irish sample: Wechsler and Cattell–Horn–Carroll model comparisons with 15 subtests
Canivez, G. L., Watkins, M. W., Good, R., James, K., & James, T. (2017) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjep.12155 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citation
Factor Analysis using R
Beaujean, A. A. (2020) · ScholarWorks@UMassAmherst (University of Massachusetts Amherst) · doi:10.7275/z8wr-4j42 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Investigating the Correspondence of Clinical Diagnostic Grouping With Underlying Neurobiological and Phenotypic Clusters Using Unsupervised Machine Learning
Zhao, X., Rangaprakash, D., Yuan, B., Denney, T. S., Katz, J. S., Dretsch, M. N., & Deshpande, G. (2018) · Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics · doi:10.3389/fams.2018.00025 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“Intelligence was evaluated with the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence [WASI] [61].”
Method
Exploring dedifferentiation across the adult lifespan.
Fleur, C.-G. L., Meyer, M. J., & Dodson, C. S. (2018) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/pag0000274 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Effects of age and school type on unconstrained, phonemic, and semantic verbal fluency in children
Jacobsen, G. M., Prando, M. L., Moraes, A. L., Pureza, J. D. R., Gonçalves, H. A., Siqueira, L. D. S., Joanette, Y., & Fonseca, R. P. (2016) · Applied Neuropsychology Child · doi:10.1080/21622965.2015.1072535 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Latent Class Profiles of Anxiety Symptom Trajectories From Preschool Through School Age
Kertz, S. J., Sylvester, C. M., Tillman, R., & Luby, J. L. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374416.2017.1295380 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Increases in total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein associated with decreased cognitive performance in healthy elderly adults
Stough, C. K. K., Pipingas, A., Camfield, D., Nolidin, K., Savage, K. M., Deleuil, S., & Scholey, A. B. (2019) · Metabolic Brain Disease · doi:10.1007/s11011-018-0373-5 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
The influence of cooperation and defection on social decision making in depression: A study of the iterated Prisoner's Dilemma Game
Sorgi, K. M., & Wout‐Frank, M. V. ‘. (2016) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.10.025 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Social influence shifts valuation of appetitive cues in early adolescence and adulthood.
Martin, R. E., Villanueva, Y., Stephano, T., Franz, P. J., & Ochsner, K. N. (2018) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: General · doi:10.1037/xge0000469 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Psychometric qualities of a tetrad WAIS-III short form for use in individuals with mild to borderline intellectual disability
van Duijvenbode, N., Didden, R., van den Hazel, T., & Engels, R. C. M. E. (2014) · Developmental Neurorehabilitation · doi:10.3109/17518423.2014.893265 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“However, when estimating intellectual functioning without regard to the individual ability profile, SFs might provide a useful, valid and cost-effective alternative [10].”
Background
External Validity of the Indonesian Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV-ID)
Suwartono, C., Hidajat, L. L., Halim, M. S., Hendriks, M. P. H., & Kessels, R. P. C. (2016) · ANIMA Indonesian Psychological Journal · doi:10.24123/aipj.v32i1.581 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Construct Validity of the German Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fifth Edition: Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses of the 15 Primary and Secondary Subtests
Canivez, G. L., Grieder, S., & Bünger, A. (2020) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191120936330 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“…2016; Dombrowski et al., 2019), the Kaufman Adolescent and Adult Intelligence Test (Cucina & Howardson, 2016), the KABC (Cucina & Howardson, 2016), the SB5 (Canivez, 2008), the WASI and WRIT (Canivez et al., 2009), and the RIAS (Dombrowski et al., 2009; Nelson & Canivez, 2012, Nelson et al., 2007).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citation
Executive functions in homeless young people: Working memory impacts on short-term housing outcomes
Fry, C. E., Langley, K., & Shelton, K. H. (2019) · Child Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/09297049.2019.1628930 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Autonomic arousal profiles in adolescents and young adults with ADHD as a function of recording context
Rietz, E. D., James, S., Banaschewski, T., Brandeis, D., Asherson, P. J., & Kuntsi, J. (2019) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2019.03.039 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Maternal sensitivity moderates the association between maternal history of childhood maltreatment and child executive function
Dryer, A., Zhang, X., England-Mason, G., Atkinson, L. R., & González, A. (2022) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105933 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Crystallized and fluid intelligence of university students with intellectual disability who are fully integrated versus those who studied in adapted enrichment courses
Lifshitz, H., Verkuilen, J., Shnitzer‐Meirovich, S., & Altman, C. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0193351 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Neurodevelopmental profiles of preschool-age children in Flint, Michigan: a latent profile analysis
Zheng, S.-T., Bishop, S., Ceja, T., Hanna‐Attisha, M., & LeWinn, K. (2021) · Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders · doi:10.1186/s11689-021-09377-y · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“, cognitive functioning, [39]; adaptive skills, [40]).”
Centrality and interhemispheric coordination are related to different clinical/behavioral factors in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a resting-state fMRI study
Tarchi, L., Damiani, S., Fantoni, T., Pisano, T., Castellini, G., Politi, P., & Ricca, V. (2022) · Brain Imaging and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11682-022-00708-8 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“Intelligence was evaluated with the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (Canivez et al., 2009).”
MethodInfluential
Cognition, temperament, and cerebral blood flow velocity in toddlers and preschool children with sleep-disordered breathing or behavioral insomnia of childhood
Spooner, R., Lushington, K., Keage, H. A. D., Blunden, S. L., Kennedy, J. D., Schembri, M., Wabnitz, D. A. M., Martin, A., & Kohler, M. J. (2016) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2016.02.002 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
The Effects of Videomodeling on Fundamental Motor Skill Performance of Middle School Children with Intellectual Disabilities
Obrusníková, I., & Cavalier, A. R. (2017) · Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities · doi:10.1007/s10882-017-9554-0 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
The School Experiences of Male Adolescent Offenders: Implications for Academic Performance and Recidivism
Fine, A., Simmons, C., Miltimore, S., Steinberg, L. D., Frick, P. J., & Cauffman, E. E. (2018) · Crime & Delinquency · doi:10.1177/0011128717750392 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Higher plasma levels of F2-isoprostanes are associated with slower psychomotor speed in healthy older adults
Camfield, D., Nolidin, K., Savage, K. M., Timmer, J. K., Croft, K. D., Fard, M. T., Simpson, T. N., Downey, L. A., Scholey, A. B., Pipingas, A., et al. (2019) · Free Radical Research · doi:10.1080/10715762.2018.1513133 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“and valid measure of intelligence for use in research settings [43].”
Background
The higher order structure of the WISC–IV Italian adaptation using hierarchical exploratory factor analytic procedures
Kush, J. C., & Canivez, G. L. (2018) · International Journal of School & Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/21683603.2018.1485601 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citation
Longitudinal neurocognitive effects of nonmyeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplant among older adolescents and adults with sickle cell disease: A description and comparison with sibling donors
Carlson, E. J., Ghriwati, N. A., Wolters, P., Tamula, M. A., Tisdale, J. F., Fitzhugh, C. D., Hsieh, M., & Martin, S. C. (2023) · Neuropsychological Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09602011.2023.2238948 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“The WASI has been found to have good construct validity (Canivez et al., 2009).”
Relationships between Affect Recognition, Empathy, Alexithymia, and Co-Occurring Conditions in Autism
Raman, N., Ringold, S. M., Jayashankar, A., Butera, C. D., Kilroy, E., Harrison, L., Cermak, S. A., & Aziz‐Zadeh, L. (2023) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci13081161 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“All four subtests were reflected in the full-scale IQ-four (FSIQ-4) test [55].”
Background
Clarifying the Relationship between Psychopathy and Intelligence Using Four Dimensions of the WASI-II
Sharratt, K., Boduszek, D., & Retzler, C. (2019) · Deviant Behavior · doi:10.1080/01639625.2019.1582968 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Efficacy of a computer-assisted cognitive-behavior therapy program for treating youth with anxiety and co-occurring autism spectrum disorder: Camp Cope-A-Lot
Pryor, F. C., Lincoln, A. J., Igelman, R. S., Toma, V., & Iravani, R. (2021) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101748 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence-2 (WASI-2; Canivez, Konold, Collins, & Wilson, 2009 ).”
Method
Can probation officers identify remorse among male adolescent offenders?
Fine, A., Cavanagh, C., Frick, P. J., Steinberg, L. D., & Cauffman, E. E. (2016) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/pas0000391 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Shortening of psychological tests – assumptions, methods and doubts
Kleka, P., & Paluchowski, W. J. (2017) · Polish Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1515/ppb-2017-0058 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“The criterion for choosing these subtests was their high factor loading of the factor g (cf. the description of the structure of loadings Canivez et al., 2009).”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Factor Structure of the Differential Ability Scales–Second Edition Core Subtests: Standardization Sample Confirmatory Factor Analyses
Canivez, G. L., McGill, R. J., & Dombrowski, S. C. (2020) · Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment · doi:10.1177/0734282920914792 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“…intelligence or cognitive ability tests using both EFA and CFA procedures (Bodin et al., 2009; Canivez, 2008, 2014; Canivez & Watkins, 2010a, 2010b; Canivez et al., 2009, 2016, 2017; DiStefano & Dombrowski, 2006; Dombrowski, 2013, 2014a, 2014b; Dombrowski & Watkins, 2013; Dombrowski et al., 2009;…”
MethodSelf-citation
Brain reserve theory: Are adults with intellectual disability more vulnerable to age than peers with typical development?
Zemach, M., Vakil, E., & Lifshitz, H. (2023) · Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities · doi:10.1111/jar.13096 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Characterising the psychiatric comorbidities among adults with ADHD who have a history of offending
Scully, C., Young, S., & Bramham, J. (2014) · Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology · doi:10.1080/14789949.2014.940058 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Psychometric Properties of the Simons Simplex Collection Sleep Interview
Johansson, A. E. E., Rohay, J. M., & Chasens, E. R. (2018) · Journal of Nursing Measurement · doi:10.1891/1061-3749.26.3.453 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Near and Far Transfer of Working Memory Training Related Gains in Healthy Adults
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“Studies have shown that the WASI demonstrates strong psychometric properties, especially its strong convergent validity with longer measures of intelligence in samples of adolescents (Canivez et al., 2009).”
Background
Executive Functioning in Children with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms
MacDonald, H. Z., Ellis, B. H., Pulsifer, M. B., & Lyons, M. J. (2015) · Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma · doi:10.1007/s40653-015-0037-0 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“The WASI has also demonstrated convergent validity with a number of other well-established brief measures of general intelligence (Hays et al. 2002; Canivez et al. 2009).”
Background
Are IQ tests enough to measure intelligence in the blind? Brief review of available and potential methods to estimate intelligence in the blind
Rączy, K., & Korczyk, M. (2018) · Rocznik Kognitywistyczny · doi:10.4467/20843895rk.18.002.9756 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“Full battery consists of four subtests: Vocabulary, Similarities (the subtests combine to measure verbalcrystallized abilities), Block Design and Matrix Reasoning [Canivez et al., 2009].”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
The development and psychometric properties evaluation of the Indonesian version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV)
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Inhibition of nisoldipine on bovine mesenteric arteries and veins and on human peripheral veins.
Ottosson, A. ‐., Josefsson, M., & Ahlner, J. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales: Measurement Invariance Across Four Language Groups
Gygi, J. T., Ledermann, T., Grob, A., Rudaz, M., & Arx, P. H.-V. (2018) · Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment · doi:10.1177/0734282918780565 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
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“The WASI serves as a tool for calculating IQ based on three assessments, utilized in the typical developed (TD) population, and has been validated for its sensitivity to the brain’s biological condition in neurological patients 56 and in individuals with intellectual disabilities 39,57 .”
Method
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Lin, A. P. (2010) · Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
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The construct validity of the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI) and the Wide Range Intelligence Test (WRIT): Replication and extension
Wilson, G. S. (2005) · Journal of Collective Bargaining in the Academy
Correlations Between the Wide Range Intelligence Test (WRIT) and the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI): Global and Subtest Comparisons
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Structural and Convergent Validity of Intelligence Composites: Integrating Evidence From Three Analysis Levels
Grieder, S. (2021) · edoc (University of Basel) · doi:10.5451/unibas-ep83158
The Construct Validity of the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence, Second Edition (WASI-II) and the Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales, Second Edition (RIAS-2)
Sopoci, M. K. (2023) · The Keep (Eastern Illinois University)
Construct Validity of the WISC-IV with a Referred Sample: Direct versus Indirect Hierarchical Structures
Canivez, G. L. (2014) · School Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1037/spq0000032 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Self-citation

Authors: Canivez, G. L., Konold, T. R., Collins, J. M., & Wilson, G.
Affiliations: Eastern Illinois University (US)
University of Virginia (US)
ORCID: Canivez, Gary L.
Konold, Timothy R.
Venue: School Psychology Quarterly
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2009-12
Volume: 24
Issue: 4
Pages: 252-265
ISSN: 1045-3830 (ISSN-L)
1939-1560
DOI: 10.1037/a0018030
OpenAlex: W2143614559
Cited by: 131
References: 101
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 5.50
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: School Psychology Quarterly (publishedVersion)
The Keep (Eastern Illinois University) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
Keywords: WASI, construct validity, convergent validity, structural validity, factor structure, general intelligence, test interpretation

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Construct validity of the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence and Wide Range Intelligence test: Convergent and structural validity

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