The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
An exploratory examination of the associations among racial and ethnic discrimination, racial climate, and trauma-related symptoms in a college student population.
Abstract
In this study, we examined the association among perceptions of racial and/or ethnic discrimination, racial climate, and trauma-related symptoms among 289 racially diverse college undergraduates. Study measures included the Perceived Stress Scale, the Perceived Ethnic Discrimination Questionnaire, the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian Version, and the Racial Climate Scale. Results of a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) indicated that Asian and Black students reported more frequent experiences of discrimination than did White students. Additionally, the MANOVA indicated that Black students perceived the campus racial climate as being more negative than did White and Asian students. A hierarchical regression analysis showed that when controlling for generic life stress, perceptions of discrimination contributed an additional 10% of variance in trauma-related symptoms for Black students, and racial climate contributed an additional 7% of variance in trauma symptoms for Asian students.
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Cites
A Global Measure of Perceived Stress
Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.2307/2136404 · Cited by 32,807
Discrimination and racial disparities in health: evidence and needed research
Williams, D. R., & Mohammed, S. A. (2009) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-008-9185-0 · Cited by 3,371
60,000 Disaster Victims Speak: Part I. An Empirical Review of the Empirical Literature, 1981–2001
Norris, F. H., Friedman, M. J., Watson, P. J., Byrne, C. M., Diaz, E., & Kaniasty, K. (2002) · Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes · doi:10.1521/psyc.65.3.207.20173 · Cited by 3,128
Harrell, S. P. (2000) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1037/h0087722 · Cited by 1,589
Racism and Psychological and Emotional Injury: Recognizing and Assessing Race-Based Traumatic Stress
Carter, R. T. (2007) · The Counseling Psychologist · doi:10.1177/0011000006292033 · Cited by 1,316
Self-citationPsychometric properties of the PTSD checklist—civilian version
Ruggiero, K. J., Ben, K. D., Scotti, J. R., & Rabalais, A. E. (2003) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1023/a:1025714729117 · Cited by 1,227
International Handbook of Multigenerational Legacies of Trauma
(1998) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-5567-1 · Cited by 957
Coping with Perceived Discrimination: Does Ethnic Identity Protect Mental Health?
Mossakowski, K. N. (2003) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.2307/1519782 · Cited by 793
Examining Sense of Belonging Among First-Year Undergraduates From Different Racial/Ethnic Groups
Johnson, D. R., Soldner, M., Leonard, J. B., Alvarez, P., Inkelas, K. K., Rowan-Kenyon, H. T., & Longerbeam, S. D. (2007) · Journal of College Student Development · doi:10.1353/csd.2007.0054 · Cited by 694
Perceived discrimination, race and health in South Africa
Williams, D. R., Gonzalez, H. M., Williams, S., Mohammed, S. A., Moomal, H., & Stein, D. J. (2008) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.03.021 · Cited by 362 · cited 1×
“However, the findings indicate that for White people, neither the frequency of discrimination nor the stress associated with discrimination match those reported by people of color (Brondolo, Kelly, et al., 2005; Richman, Kohn-Wood, & Williams, 2007; Turner & Avison, 2003; Williams et al., 2008).”
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Cited by
Perceived Racism and Mental Health Among Black American Adults: A Meta-Analytic Review
Pieterse, A. L., Todd, N. R., Neville, H. A., & Carter, R. T. (2012) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0026208 · Cited by 649
Self-citationThe Racial and Ethnic Microaggressions Scale (REMS): Construction, reliability, and validity.
Nadal, K. L. (2011) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0025193 · Cited by 512
Racism, racial discrimination, and trauma: a systematic review of the social science literature
Kirkinis, K., Pieterse, A. L., Martin, C., Agiliga, A., & Brownell, A. (2021) · Ethnicity & Health · doi:10.1080/13557858.2018.1514453 · Cited by 322
Self-citationBernard, D. L., Calhoun, C. D., Banks, D. E., Halliday, C. A., Hughes-Halbert, C., & Danielson, C. K. (2021) · Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma · doi:10.1007/s40653-020-00319-9 · Cited by 312
Racial Discrimination and Health Outcomes Among Racial/Ethnic Minorities: A Meta‐Analytic Review
Carter, R. T., Lau, M. Y., Johnson, V., & Kirkinis, K. (2017) · Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development · doi:10.1002/jmcd.12076 · Cited by 285
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Pieterse, A. L., Carter, R. T., Evans, S. A., & Walter, R. A.
- Venue
- Journal of Counseling Psychology
- Published
- 2010
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 255-263
- ISSN
- 0022-0167 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2168
- OpenAlex
- W2067592639
- Cited by
- 224
- References
- 11
- FWCI
- 20.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Pieterse, A. L., Carter, R. T., Evans, S. A., & Walter, R. A. (2010). An exploratory examination of the associations among racial and ethnic discrimination, racial climate, and trauma-related symptoms in a college student population. Journal of Counseling Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020040
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
